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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the gram stain, oxygen requirements, and shape of Neisseria gonorrhoeae?
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They are gram negative diplococci, obligate aerobes
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What is an important confirmation test done on colonies suspected of being N. gonorrhoeae?
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Positive oxidase test
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What are the special growth requirements needed for culturing N. gonorrhoeae?
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Chocolate agar and increased CO2
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What is the major virulence factor for N. gonorrhoeae?
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The pili (fimbriae) which is the major adhesin and also a vaccine target
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What is the major difference between gonococcus and meningococcus in terms of virulence factors?
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Gonococcus does NOT have a capsule, while meningococcus does
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Describe the habitat of gonococcus
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It is an obligate parasite found in the mucosal surfaces of humans and animals but is NEVER normal flora
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Describe the transmission of gonococcus
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It is transmitted sexually as well as to the newborn during delivery
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What is the biggest medical problem associated with chronic infection with gonococcus?
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Pelvic inflammatory disease in females
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Describe an uncomplicated gonococcal infection in males
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It produces a painful urethritis with a lot of pus formation as well as pharnygitis in homosexuals and conjuctivitis in newborns
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Describe an uncomplicated gonococcal infection in females
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It is an asymptomatic infection of the endocervix with possible spread to the rectum
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What is the complicated gonococcal infection in females?
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Pelvic inflammatory disease leading to infertility, abscesses, peritonitis, and ectopic pregnancies
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Describe the disseminated infections of gonococcus
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It spreads via the bloodstream but doesnt cause sepsis; leads to arthritis, dermatitis, and tenosynovitis
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What are the common signs of disseminated gonococcal infection?
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Arthritis of the wrists and dermatitis on the hands
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How is gonococcal infection diagnosed in males?
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Gram stain of the urethral exudate with growth on Thayer-Martin medium
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How is gonoccoccal infection diagnosed in females?
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A nucleic acid detection test is used on a swab of the endocervix or urin
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What is the treatment strategy for gonococcal infection?
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Two drug therapy is used due to resistance and co-infections with chlamydia
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What is the organism that causes Donovanosis and what do the lesions look like?
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Klebsiella granulomatous; beefy red lesions; often referred to as granuloma inguinale
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What are the 4 organisms that should be expected with vaginal/urethral discharge?
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Chlamydia trachomatis (D-K), N. gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum
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What 4 organisms should be expected with a genital lesion/ulcer?
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Chlamydia trochomatis D-K, Haemophilus ducreyi (soft chancre), treponema pallidum, and klebsiella granulosum
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