• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/8

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

8 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
  • 3rd side (hint)
What is the functional class of calcium chloride?
Electrolyte
Calcium chloride is a rare mineral in nature, occuring as sinjarite and antarcticite.
What is the mechanism of action of calcium chloride?
- Replaces elemental calcium, which is essential for regulating excitation threshold of nerves and muscles. Calcium is also essential for blood clotting mechanisms, maintenance of renal function, and bone tissues. Calcium increases myocardial contractile force and ventricular automaticity.
- Additionally serves as an antidote for magnesium sulfate and calcium channel blocker toxicity. Calcium chloride has three times as much elemental calcium than calcium gluconate.
Aqueous calcium chloride is used in genetic transformation of cells by increasing the cell membrane permeability, inducing competence for DNA uptake
What are the listed indications for calcium chloride?
- Calcium channel blocker toxicity/overdose
- Prophylactically prior to IV calcium channel blockers
- Acute hyperkalemia
- Acute hypocalcemia
- Acute hypermagnesemia
Calcium salts have been used as adjunctive therapy in a number of conditions including insect bites or stings and ensitivity reactions, particularly when characterized by urticaria.
What are the listed contraindications for calcium chloride?
- VF
- Hypercalcemia
- Digitalis toxicity
Some sources include hypophosphatemia
What are the listed precautions for calcium chloride?
- Flush IV line between calcium chloride and bicarbonate as precipitate will form.
- Monitor for tissue necrosis at injection site
Do not mix ceftriaxone (Rocephin) with calcium chloride during administration as this too can produce a precipitate
What are the listed side effects for calcium chloride?
- Arrhythmias including bradycardia or cardiac arrest
- Syncope
- N/V
- Hypotension
- Necrosis with extravasation
Calcium chloride administration can cause nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) but this is usually from long-term use.
What are the listed interactions for calcium chloride?
- Calcium chloride will precipitate when used in conjunction with sodium bicarbonate
- Toxicity with digitalis.
- May antagonize the effects of calcium channel blockers
Calcium chloride can also affect the use of phosphate supplements
What is the dosage and route of calcium chloride?
Hyperkalemia and calcium channel blocker overdose:
8-16mg/kg of a 10% solution slow IVP q10 minutes prn

Prophylactic treatment prior to calcium channel blocker:
2-4mg/kg of a 10% solution slow IVP
The (now rarely used) dose for cardiac resuscitation is 20-40mg injected into the ventricular cavity.