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97 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the three imperatives of H&S |
Moral Financial Legal |
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Identify 5 uninsurable costs |
Prosecution fines Sick pay Damage to product, equipment or vehicles not directly involved in accident Increased insurance premiums Compensation Legal representation Loss of goodwill & corporate image Production delays Extra overtime Recruitment and training |
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Name the two types of law and who decides them. |
Statutory - decided by parliament Common law - Ancient laws decided by ruler of the land. Judges etc |
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Who are the policing authority for criminal offences within H&S? |
HSE |
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To prosecute someone in criminal law: |
Must have sufficient evidence Must be in public's interest |
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Name the two main types of offence in criminal law and where they will be tried. |
Summary offence - Magistrates court / Sheriff's court (Scotland) Indictable offence - Crown court / High court (Scotland) |
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Name the policing authority for civil offences |
Individual / People |
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To be able to prove negligence in civil law what 3 points must be true |
1) There must be a duty of care owed to the claimant 2) There must have been a breach of duty of care 3) The breach must result in injury, disease, damage or loss |
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What courts can civil cases be taken to and what limits do they deal with? |
Small claims court - up to £10k County court - up to £50k High Court - £50k plus |
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Outline the definition of health |
Protection of the bodies and minds of people from illness resulting from the materials, processes or procedures used in the workplace |
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Outline definition of safety |
The protection of people from physical injury |
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Outline the definition of Dangerous Occurence |
A dangerous occurrence is a specific event defined in the dangerous occurrences section of RIDDOR 2013. |
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Outline the definition of an accident |
An unwanted, unplanned, unscheduled event that results in injury or ill health of people or damage or loss to property, plant, materials or the environment or a loss to business opportunity. |
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Outline the definition of the term near miss |
An unwanted, unplanned, unscheduled event that does not result in injury or ill health of people or damage or loss to property, plant, materials or the environment or a loss to business opportunity. |
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Outline the Employees common law duty of care |
Provide safe place of work Provide safe plant and equipment Provide safe systems of work Provide safe and competent fellow employees Provide adequate levels of information, instruction, training & supervision |
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Give examples of negligent acts by an employer |
Not providing a safe place of work Not providing a safe system of work Failing to provide competent fellow employees |
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Name some possible defences to a civil law claim for an employer |
Act of God Contributory Negligence Sole fault of the claimant Not foreseeable No duty of care owed Breach did not lead to a loss Time barred exceeds 3 years No breach of duty Everything reasonable was done |
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Outline the term "vicarious liability" |
Where the defendant is an employee acting in the course of his employment during the alleged incident, the defence of the action is transferred to his employer. Known as horseplay defence. |
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Define the term "Absolute" in statutory duty |
The employer must comply with the law. It is the highest form of statutory duty. Cost / time / effort is irrelevant. |
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Define the term "practicable" |
The employer must comply with it if it is technologically possible. Cost / time / effort do not factor. |
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Define the term "reasonably practicable" |
If the risk is small compared with the cost, time and effort require to further reduce the risk, then no further action is required. Risk can never outweigh the time / cost / effort. |
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Outline the general duties of the employer under HASAWA 74 Section 2(1) |
Ensure, so far is as reasonably practicable, the health, safety and welfare of all their employees at work |
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Outline the specific duties of the employer under HASAWA 74 Section 2(2) |
2(2)a: Safe plant and systems of work 2(2)b: Safe storage, handling and transportation of substances and articles 2(2)c: Provision of information, instruction, training and supervision 2(2)d: Safe place of work, access and egress 2(2)e: Safe working environment, welfare and facilities |
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Outline the duties under HASAWA section 2(3) |
It is the duty of the employer to have a H&S policy. If 5 or more employees are within the business, it must be written down. |
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Outline the duties under HASAWA section 2.4-2.7. |
Highlights the responsibilities of the employer having a safety reps and defines that a safety committee must be made if 2 or more employees make a written request for one within a 3 month period. |
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Outline the duties under HASAWA section 3 |
Protecting people that are not his employees. |
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Outline duties under HASAWA Section 4 |
Landlords duties |
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Outline responsibilities under HASAWA section 6 |
Designers, manufacturers and suppliers of substances or articles. |
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Outline specific duties under HASAWA section 7 |
A) Employees must take reasonable care of themselves and others affected by their acts or omissions B) Employees must cooperate with the employer and others to fulfil their legal obligations |
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Outline HASAWA section 8 |
Misuse and interference with safety |
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Outline section 9 |
Cannot charge employees for any health and safety provisions |
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Outline 5 powers of HSE inspectors |
Enter premises at any reasonable time Take a constable with them for entry To make inspections and investigations as necessary Ask for premises and operations to be left undisturbed To take measurements and photographs To take samples of any articles or substances To seize and destroy articles and substances To take written statements To inspect and take copies of books and documents Ask to use facilities and assistance Serve improvement notices Serve prohibition notices |
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Outline why an inspector may make an improvement notice under Section 21 |
Where there is a breach of statutory duty that could lead to injury or loss |
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Outline why an inspector may issue a prohibition notice |
Where there may be a breach of statutory duty that could lead to an immediate serious injury or loss. |
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Name 3 enforcement agencies that have the power to prosecute companies for H&S breaches |
HSE Local authority Fire authority |
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Summary offences can lead to what penalties? |
Unlimited fine and/or 12 month imprisonment |
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Indictment offences can lead to what penalties? |
Unlimited fines and/or 2 years imprisonment |
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Under HSG 65 what are the 6 sections of information |
Policy Organising Planning and implementing Measure performance Review performance Audit |
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Outline 5 initial actions following major injury at work |
Ensure injured person received medical attention Ensure area is made safe but not tidied up Ensure machinery is switched off Ensure access and egress routes are clear for emergency services Ensure that a person is available to direct emergency services Contact next of kin Evacuate the area if necessary Inform relevant managers / directors |
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Outline secondary actions after serious injury at work |
Interview witnesses Take photographs Initiate RIDDOR report / accident investigation Involve manufacturers / suppliers for thoughts and opinions Review H&S policy Review risk assessments Re-enact accident to learn lessons Redesign work area if needed |
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Why should employers investigate serious injuries? |
Legal requirement to do so To learn lessons and prevent reoccurrence Prepare for HSE investigation Prepare for civil action from injured person To amend policies, risk assessments etc |
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What is the burden of proof required in a criminal case? |
98% + |
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What is the burden of proof in a civil case? |
51% + |
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What is vicarious liability in civil law? |
Employers are responsible for the acts or omissions of their employees in the workplace. If an employee does a negligent act, the employer can also be charged. |
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Define the hierarchy of UK H&S and their legal status. |
HASAWA 74 is umbrella regulation - Law Regulations - Law Approved codes of practice - Quasi legal Guidance- No legal status |
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Give some examples of guidance documents |
HSE guidance HSE website Operating manuals Safety alerts Data sheets Industry guidance Professional guidance BS standards ISO standards EN standards |
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Name the 3 parts of a health and safety policy. |
Statement of intent Organisation Arrangements |
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What is the purpose of the statement of intent |
Demonstrates a commitment to health and safety. |
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What is the purpose of the organisation within the H&S policy |
Allocates roles and responsibilities Shows direct lines of reporting |
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What is the purpose of the arrangements section of the H&S policy |
Lays down how to implement policy Names relevant policies, guidance and procedures |
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What regulation of the Management of HASAWR 1999 covers H&S management systems |
Regulation 5 |
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What is regulation 4 of the Management of HASAWR 1999 |
Principles of prevention |
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Name the principles of prevention |
A) Avoid B) evaluate risks which cannot be avoided C) Combat risks at source D) adapt work to individual E) adapt to technical process F) replace dangerous with less dangerous G) develop coherant overall prevention policy H) collective control measures over individual I) appropriate instructions for employees |
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5 steps of risk assessments are |
Identify hazards Look at who may be harmed and how Evaluate the risks Record findings and implement them Review assessment and revise where necessary |
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Under CDM regulations 2015 when must projects be notified? |
Construction is scheduled to last more than 30 working days and will have more than 20 workers working at the same time Or the construction has more than 500 person days |
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Who's responsibility is it to notify projects, when should it be done and what form should be used? |
Clients responsibility As soon as reasonably practical but before the construction phase or as soon as it becomes notifiable. F10 form should be used. |
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Under Ind (G) 163 name the 5 steps to Risk Assessments |
1) Identify hazards 2) look at who may be harmed and how 3) evaluate the risks 4) record the findings and implement them 5) review the assessment regularly and revise where necessary |
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When applying the hierarchy of controls, what does PIGSRISE stand for. |
PPE Information Good housekeeping Safe systems of work Reduce Isolate Substitute Eliminate |
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Define culture within health and safety |
Product of group and individual values, attitudes, perceptions, competencies and patterns of behaviour that determine the commitment to and the style and proficiency of an organisation's H&S management. |
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Name the 3 factors of H&S culture |
Organisation Job Individual |
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Define Safe System of Work |
Set of procedures / processes to which work must be carried out. |
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When should Permits to Work be used? |
High risk tasks |
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What are the 4 P's of first aid |
Preserve life Prevent condition getting worse Promote recovery of casualty Provide treatment where medical attention is not required |
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What is the definition of a H&S inspection? |
Inspections a looking for hazards or issues in the workplace. It can include inspections of people, equipment, environment and premises. |
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Define H&S audit |
Checks for compliance against an agreed set of standards. |
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Name the 2 regulations that cover chemical and biological health hazards and what they cover |
Classification, labelling, and packaging regulations 2015 (Supply) Control of substances hazardous to health 2002 (Use) |
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Name the 4 recognised routes into the body. |
Ingestion alation InhalationAbsorptionInjection Absorption Injection |
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Name the forms of chemical hazards |
Dust Gases Vapours Liquids Mists Fumes Solids |
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Name the 4 types of biological hazards |
Funghi Moulds Bacteria Virus |
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Name the 8 requirements of COSHH |
1) assess health risks created by hazardous substances to employees 2) prevent exposure so far is as reasonably practicable of substances hazardous to health 3) employers & employees must make proper use of any control measures provided 4) employers must maintain installed control measures & keep suitable records 5) monitoring of controls for protection of employees 6) health surveillance for employees 7) emergency plans or procedures 8) provide instruction information and training |
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What are carcinogenic substances |
Substances which promote abnormal growth. |
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What are mutagenic substances |
Substances that cause damage to cells which can be passed from generation to generation. |
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Define the term "immediate cause" of accidents |
Most obvious reason why an adverse event happens |
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Define the term "underlying cause" in accidents |
Less obvious system or organisational reason for an adverse event happening |
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Define the term "root cause" in accidents |
An initiated event of failings. Management , planning or organisational failures. |
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Name 5 RIDDOR reportable injuries |
Fatality Fractures other than fingers, thumbs or toes Amputations Injuries likely to lead to permanent loss of sight Crush injuries to head or torso causing internal damage Serious burns to over 10% of the body Any scalping requiring hospital treatment Any loss of consciousness caused by head injury / asphyxia Over 7 days incapacitation to a worker Non fatal accidents to non workers requiring hospital |
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Where would you find Work Exposure Limits? |
EH40 |
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Identify 8 body defences to dust. |
Skin Eyebrows Eyelashes Nasal hair Cilia hair Mucus Coughing Sneezing Saliva TearsMucusCoughingSneezingSalivaCilia ladder SweatingEarwax TearsMucusCoughingSneezingSalivaCilia ladder SweatingEarwax Cilia ladder Sweating Earwax
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Identify 8 control measures for legionella |
Keeping water temperature below 20°c Keeping water above 50°c Inspect tanks, vessels and towers periodically Chemical treatments Removing dead legs Flush / bleed system Enclose system Kidding Weekly dips / sampling Cleaning system WRAS approved systems Atmospheric monitoring Plastic piping Non-return valves Training |
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Identify what irritants do to skin and the respiratory system |
Skin - contact dermatitis and sensitised dermatitis Respiratory - shortness of breath and occupational asthma |
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Discuss the differences between acute and chronic illness. |
Acute can be caused by short term exposure or even a single exposure. Whereas chronic is caused by prolonged exposure or multiple exposure. Acute effects are mostly reversible with treatment. Chronics illness is mostly irreversible. Acute symptoms appear rapidly and immediate attention is usually required. Chronic illness can remain underlying for years. Acute has apparent diagnosis and is usually correctly diagnosed. Chronic I often incorrectly diagnosed or hard to diagnose. |
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Supply of Machinery (Safety) Regulations 2008 lay out what 4 requirements |
CE marking Certificate of European Conformity Technical file Operations and Maintenance file |
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Identify machinery hazards |
Crush Ejection Shearing Cutting and severing Entanglement Drawing in / Trap Impact Stabbing / Puncture Friction / Abrasion High pressure injection |
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Identify 4 types of machinery guarding |
Fixed Interlocks Automatic / Adjustable Trip |
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Name 3 types of asbestos |
White Blue Brown |
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Identify health related issues stemming from asbestos |
Asbestosis Plural plaque Lung cancer Mesothelioma |
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What's the definition of confined spaces |
Any place by virtue of its enclosed nature, there arises a reasonable foreseeable specified risk. |
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Give 4 foreseeable risks with confined spaces |
Risk of serious injury from fire or explosion Loss of consciousness arising from increase in body temperature Loss of consciousness or asphyxiation arising from gas, fume, vapour or the lack of oxygen Drowning arising from the increase in the level of liquid Asphyxiation arising from a free flowing solid Biological hazards Poor lighting Collapse of structure Non isolated services Hazardous access or egress |
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Examples of confined spaces |
Chamber Tank Vat Silo Pit Trench Pipe Sewer Flue Well Deep excavations |
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Hazards in confined spaces |
Oxygen deficiency Flammable atmospheres Toxic atmospheres |
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Identify 3 types of escape breathing apparatus |
Self rescuer Rebreather Closed circuit escape set |
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Define ionising radiation |
Radiation with enough energy potential to interact with matter and cause damage to cells and ionising injuries. |
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Identify 8 effects of ionising radiation |
Cancer Burns Hair loss Genetic mutations Sterility Nausea Diarrhoea Radiation sickness Weight loss Lowered immune system Lung cancer (Radon only) |
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Ionising radiation detection |
Film badges Ionisation chamber Personal air samplers Analysis of faecal matter and urine samples |
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Name 3 protection principles of ionisation |
Shielding Distance Reduced time exposure |
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Define workplace stress |
Adverse reaction people have to excessive pressures or other demands placed on them. |
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Identify 4 effects of stress |
Increased HR and sweating Headache Dizziness Blurred vision Aching neck and shoulders Skin rashes Lowered resistance to infection |
