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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Test Taking Strategies
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-avoid asking yourself "well, what if..?" that is, reading into the question
-strategic words make a difference with regard to what the question is asking -read avery choice or option before selecting answers The Ingredients of a question -event, provides you with the content about the client or clinical situation -event query, asks something specific about the content of the event -and the answers Strategic words -focus your attention on a critical point -best, initial, early, late, most appropriate, least appropriate, immediate, most likely, or least likely Positive and negative event queries -positive event query, uses strategic words that ask you to select the correct option, "indicated an understanding" -negative event query, uses strategic words that ask you to select an incorrect option, "need for further teaching" |
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Questions that require prioritizing
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-look for strategic words that indicate the need to prioritize
-all options may be correct and you need to determine the correct order of action -best, essential, first, highest priority, immediate, initial, most appropriate, least appropriate, most important, most likely, least likely, next, primary, vital Strategies to use for prioritizing -ABCs, Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, Nursing Process ABCs -Airway is always the first priority Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs -physiological needs are priority, safety and security needs is second, -determine the order of priority by addressing physiological needs first, when a physiological need is not addressed, continue to use Maslow and address safety Nursing process -AAPIE, assessment, analysis, planning, implementation, evaluation |
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Nursing Process
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Assessment
-gathering subjective and objective data and validating that data, it is the first step, select your first, immediate, or initial nursing action, -follow the steps of the nursing process to prioritize, look for strategic words that reflect assessment -in an emergency situation an intervention may be priority -ascertain assess, check, collect, determine, find out, gather, identify, monitor, observe, obtain information, recognize Analysis -requires understanding of the principles of physiological responses and require interpretation of the data based on assessment, -addresses the formulation of a nursing diagnoses Planning -requires prioritizing nursing diagnoses, determining goals, and outcome criteria for goals of care, dvlpng plan of care -actual client problems rather than potential or at risk problems will most likely be the priority Implementation -process of organizing and managing care, counseling and teaching, providing care to achieve established goals, supervising and coordinating care, focus on a nursing action rather than on a medical action Evaluation -focus on comparing actual outcomes with the expected outcomes, focus on assisting in determining the pts response to care and in identifying factors that may interfere with achieving expected outcomes -watch for negative event queries because they are frequently used in evaluation type questions |
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Client Needs
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Physiological integretiy
-test the concepts that the nurse provides comfort and assistance in the performance of ADLs, and provides care related to the administration of medication and parenteral therapies -also address the nurse's ability to reduce the clients potential for developing complications of health problems and providing care -focus on Maslow's Hierarchy of needs in these types of questions and remember that physiological needs are a priority and are addressed first -use ABCs and the Nursing Process Safe and Effective Care Environment -nurse provides nursing care, collaborates with other health care team members to facilitate effective pt care, and protects pt, significant others, and health care personnel from environmental hazards -focus on safety |
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Client Needs cont
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Health Promotion and Maintenance
-provides and assists in directing nursing care to promote and maintain health -assisting the pt and significant others, and providing pt care related to the prevention and early detection of health problems -use teaching and learning concepts, remember pt willingness, desire, and readiness to learn are the first priorities -negative event queries because they are frequently used in questions that address health promotion and maintenance and pt education Psychosocial Integrity -promotes and supports the emotional, mental, and social well being -content in questions relate to supporting and promoting the pt or significant others ability to cope, adapt, or problem solving in situations such as illnesses, disabilities, or stressful events -may be asked communication type questions that relate to how you would respond to a client, a clients family member or significant other, or other health care members -use therapeutic communication techniques, focus on the pt |
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-Comparable or Alike questions
-Options that contain close-ended words -Umbrella answers |
-eliminate and look for question that are comparable or alike, they will include a similar concept or nursing action
-eliminate answers that contain close-ended words because these words infer a fixed or extreme meaning -close-ended words include all, always, every, must, none, never, and only -open-ended words include may, usually, normally, commonly, or generally -the umbrella option is one that is broad or universal statement and usually contains the concepts of the other option within it |
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Guidelines for Delegating and Assignment-Making
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-consider the pts needs and match the pts needs with the scope of practice
-noninvasive interventions such as skin care, ROM exercises, ambulation, grooming, and hygiene measures can be assigned to a nursing assisstant -LVN can perform certain invasive tasks, applying dressings, suctioning, urinary catheterization, and administering medications orally or by SQ or IM injections |
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Pharmacology points
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-should not take antacid with medication because the antacid will affect the absorption of the medication
-enteric coated and sustained release tablets should not be crushed, capsules should not be opened -should never adjust or change a medication dose or abruptly stop taking a medication -never adjust or change a pts medication dosage and never discontinue medication -avoid taking any over the counter medication, herbal preparation unless they are approved -avoid consuming alcohol |
