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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Acetaminophen
(Tylenol) |
Therapeutic: 1-30 mcg/ml
Toxic: >200 mcg/ml Contraindicated in: Liver disease Side Effects of Toxicity: Hepatic Necrosis |
|
Alcohol
(Ethanol) |
Therapeutic Level: 100 mcg/ml
Toxic: >400 mcg/ml |
|
Amitriptyline
(Elavil) |
Therapeutic: 120-250 mcg/ml
Toxic: >500 mcg/ml Contraindicated in: Narrow-angle glaucoma and potential fatal reactions when used with MAO inhibitors Side Effects of Toxicity: Drowsiness, sedation, lethary, fatigue, dry mouth and eyes, blurred vision, hypotension, and tachycardia. Caution patients to use a sun screen. Therapeutic effects within 2 to 6 weeks of initiating therapy. |
|
Carbamazepine
(Tegretol) |
Therapeutic: 8-12 mcg/ml
Toxic: >15 mcg/ml Contraindicated in: Bone marrow depression Side Effects of Toxicity: Drowsiness, dizziness, and ataxia. Caution patients to use a sun screen and to carry a medical alert card. |
|
Chlordiazepoxide
(Librium) |
Therapeutic: 700-1000 mcg/ml
Toxic: >5000 mcg/ml Contraindicated in: Comatose patients with CNS depression, narrow-angle glaucoma Side Effects of Toxicity: Drowsiness and dizziness. Alcohol Withdrawal Treatment: Assess patients for signs and symptoms of delirium tremors (DTs). |
|
Desopyramide
(Norpace) |
Therapeutic: Variable
Toxic: >7 mcg/ml Contraindicated in: Cardiogenic shock, 2nd and 3rd degree heart blocks, sick sinus syndrome Side Effects of Toxicity: Signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure. |
|
Diazepam
(Valium) |
Therapeutic: 100-1000 mcg/ml
Toxic: >5000 mcg/ml Contraindicated in: Comatose patients with CNS depression, narrow-angle glaucoma Side Effects of Toxicity: Sedation with ataxia, dizziness, and slurred speech. Therapeutic effects within 1 to 2 weeks of initiating therapy. |
|
Digitoxin
|
Therapeutic: 20-35 ng/ml
Toxic: >45 ng/ml Contraindicated in: Uncontrolled ventricular arrhythmias, AV block Side Effects of Toxicity: Abdominal pain, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, visual disturbances, bradycardia, and other arrhythmias. |
|
Digoxin
|
Therapeutic: 0.8-1.5 mcg/ml
Toxic: >2 mcg/ml Contraindicated in: Uncontrolled ventricular arrhythmias, AV block Side Effects of Toxicity: Abdominal pain, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, visual disturbances, bradycardia, and other arrhythmias. |
|
Doxepin
|
Therapeutic: 30-150 mcg/ml
Toxic: >500 mcg/ml Contraindicated in: Narrow-angle glaucoma Side Effects of Toxicity: Sedation, fatigue, blurred vision, hypotension, dry mouth, and constipation. Caution patients to use a sun screen. May cause hypotension, tachycardia, and potentially fatal reactions when used with MAO inhibitors Therapeutic effects within 2 to 6 weeks of initiating therapy. |
|
Glucocorticoids
|
Contraindicated in:
Serious infections Signs of adrenal insufficiency: Hypotension, weight loss, weakness, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, lethargy, confusion, restlessness. Side Effects: Depression or euphoria, personality changes, hypertension, decreased wound healing, petechiae, ecchymoses, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, hypernatremia, fluid retention, aseptic necrosis of joints, osteoporosis, cushingoid appearance (moon face, and buffalo hump) Monitor blood sugars, BUN, creatinine. Advise patients that medication should NOT be abruptly discontinued by tapered off over 2 to 4 weeks. |
|
Imipramine
(Tofranil) |
Therapeutic: 125-250 mcg/ml
Toxic: >500 mcg/ml Contraindicated in: Narrow-angle glaucoma Side Effects of Toxicity: Disturbed concentration, confusion, restlessness, agitation, convulsions, drowsiness, mydriasis, arrhythmias, fever, hallucinations, vomiting, and dyspnea. Caution patients to use a sun screen. Therapeutic effects within 2 to 6 weeks of initiating therapy. |
|
Lithium
|
Therapeutic: 0.6-1.2 mcg/ml
Toxic: >2 mcg/ml Serum levels should be monitored twice weekly during initiation of therapy and every 2 to 3 months durgin chronic therapy. Contraindicated in: Severe cardiovascular or renal disease, dehydrated or debilitated patients Side Effects of Toxicity: Vomiting, diarrhea, slurred speech, decreased coordination, drowsiness, muscle weakness, and twitching. Therapeutic effects within 1 to 3 weeks of initiating therapy. |
|
Lidocaine
(Xylocaine) |
Therapeutic: 1.5-6 mcg/ml
Toxic: >6-8 mcg/ml Contraindicated in: Advanced AV block Side Effects of Toxicity: Confusion, excitation, blurred or double vision, nausea, vomiting, ringing in ears, tremors, twitching, convulsion, difficulty breathing, severe dizziness or fainting, and slow heart rate. |
|
Magnesium sulfate
|
Contraindicated in:
Hypermagnesemia, hypocalcemia, anuria, and heart block Side Effects of Toxicity: Decreased respiratory rate, bradycardia, arrhythmias, hypotension, drowsiness, flushing, sweating, and hypothermia. Monitor neurologic status before and throughout therapy. Institute seizure precautions. |
|
Methotrexate
|
Therapeutic: Variable
Toxic: >454 mcg/ml (48 hours after high dose) Contraindicated in: Pregnancy and lactation (teratogenic effects) Side Effects of Toxicity: Hyperuricemia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, stomatitis, hepatotoxicity, pulcomary toxicity, nephrotoxicity, anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and folic acid deficiency Caution patients to use a sun screen. Rescue Drug to Prevent Fatal Toxicity: Leucovorin (folinic acid) |
|
Phenobarbital
|
Therapeutic: 15-40 mcg/ml
Toxic: Varies 35-80 mcg/ml Contraindicated in: Comatose patients with CNS depression Side Effects of Toxicity: Confusion, drowsiness, dyspnea, slurred speech, and staggering. |
|
Phenytoin
(Dilantin) |
Therapeutic: 10-20 mcg/ml
Toxic: Varies with symptoms Contraindicated in: Sinus bradycardia and heart block Side Effects of Toxicity: Nystagmus, ataxia, confusion, nausea, slurred speech, and dizziness. Caution patients to carry a medical alert card. |
|
Procainamide
(Promestyl) |
Therapeutic: 5-12 mcg/ml
Toxic: >15 mcg/ml Contraindicated in: AV block and myasthenia gravis Side Effects of Toxicity: Confusion, dizziness, drownsiness, decreased urination, nausea, vomiting, and tachyarrhythmias. |
|
Primidone
(Mysoline) |
Therapeutic: 5-10 mcg/ml
Toxic: >15 mcg/ml Contraindicated in: Porphyria Side Effects of Toxicity: Ataxia, lethargy, changes in vision, confusion, and dyspnea. Caution patients to carry a medical alert card. |
|
Propranolol
(Inderal) |
Therapeutic: Varies
Toxic: Vaires Contraindicated in: Uncompensated congestive heart failure, pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock, bradycardia, and heart block Side Effects of Toxicity: Bradycardia, severe dizziness or fainting, severe drowsiness, dyspnea, bluish fingernails or palms, and seizures. Caution diabetic patients to monitor blood sugar. |
|
Quinidine
|
Therapeutic: 2-6 mcg/ml
Toxic: >8 mcg/ml Contraindicated in: Conduction defects and digitalis glycoside toxicity Side Effects of Toxicity: Tinnitus, hearing loss, visual disturbances, headache, nausea, and dizziness. Cardiotoxicity signs include QRS widening, cardiac asystole, ventricular ectopic beats, idioventricular rhythms, paradoxical tachycardia, and arterial embolism. |
|
Salicylate
|
Therapeutic: Varies
Toxic: Varies Contraindicated in: Hypersensitivity to aspirin or other salicylates, bleeding disorders or thrombocytopenia Side Effects of Toxicity: Tinnitus, headache, hyperventilation, agitation, mental confusion, lethargy, diarrhea, and sweating. May take 2 to 3 weeks for maximum effectiveness. |
|
Theophylline
|
Therapeutic: 10-20 mcg/ml
Toxic: >20 mcg/ml Contraindicated in: Uncontrolled arrhythmias and hyperthyroidism Side Effects of Toxicity: Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, stomach cramps, diarrhea, confusion, headache, restlessness, flushing, increased urination, insomnia, tachycardia, arrhythmias, and seizures. Tachycardia, ventricular arrhythmias, or seizures may be the first sign of toxicity. |
|
Valproic Acid (Depakene)
|
Therapeutic: 50-100 mcg/ml
Toxic: >100 mcg/ml Contraindicated in: Hepatic impairment Side Effects of Toxicity: Anorexia, severe nausea an dvomiting, yellow skin or eyes, fever, sore throat, malaise, weakness, facial edema, lethargy, unusual bleeding or bruising, or seizures. |
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Amikacin
|
Troughs Peaks
5 mcg/ml 35 mcg/ml |
|
Gentamicin
|
Troughs Peaks
2 mcg/ml 10 mcg/ml |
|
Kanamycin
|
Troughs Peaks
5 mcg/ml 35 mcg/ml |
|
Neomycin
|
Troughs Peaks
2 mcg/ml 16 mcg/ml |
|
Streptomycin
|
Troughs Peaks
Varies 25 mcg/ml |
|
Tobramycin
|
Troughs Peaks
2 mcg/ml 20 mcg/ml |
|
Vancomycin
|
Troughs Peaks
5-10 mcg/ml 25 mcg/ml |
|
What is the antitdote for:
Acetaminophen |
Acetylcysteine
|
|
What is the antitdote for:
Anticholinesterases (Cholinergics) |
Atropine, Pralidoxime
|
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What is the antitdote for:
Antidepressants (MAO inhibitors and tryamine-containing foods may lead to hypertensive crisis including symptoms of chest pain, severe headache, nuchal rigidity, nausea and vomiting, photosensitivity, and enlarged pupils) |
Phentolamine
|
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What is the antitdote for:
Benzodiazepines |
Flumazenil
|
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What is the antitdote for:
Cyanide |
Amyl nitrite, sodium nitrite, sodium thiosulfate
|
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What is the antitdote for:
Digoxin, digitoxin |
Digoxin immune Fasb (Digibind)
|
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What is the antitdote for:
Fluorouracil (5FU) |
Leucovorin calcium
|
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What is the antitdote for:
Heparin |
Portamine sulfate
|
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What is the antitdote for:
Ifosfamide (Adverse effects cause hemorrhagic cystitis) |
Mesna
|
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What is the antitdote for:
Iron |
Deferoxamine
|
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What is the antitdote for:
Lead |
Edetate calcium disodium, dimeraprol, succimer
|
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What is the antitdote for:
Methotrexate (Adverse effects cause folic acid deficiency) |
Leucovorin calcium
|
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What is the antitdote for:
Opioid analgesics, heroin |
Nalmefene, Naloxone
|
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What is the antitdote for:
Thrombolytic agents |
Aminocaproic acid (Amicar)
|
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What is the antitdote for:
Tricyclic antidepressants |
Physostigmine
|
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What is the antitdote for:
Warfarin (Coumadin) |
Phytonadione (Vitamin K)
|
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Regular Insulin IV
|
Onset: 10-30 min
Peak: 15-30 min Duration: 30-60 min |
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Regular SC
|
Onset: 30 min-1hr
Peak: 2-4 hr Duration: 5-7 hr |
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NPH
|
Onset: 1-4 hr
Peak: 6-12 hr Duration: 18-28 hr |
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Lente
|
Onset: 1-3 hr
Peak: 8-12 hr Duration: 18-28 hr |
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Ultralente
|
Onset: 4-6 hr
Peak: 18-24 hr Duration: 36 hr |