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65 Cards in this Set
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Physiological Maternal Changes:
Oxygen consumption |
Increases
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Physiological Maternal Changes:
Iron requirments are |
Increased
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Physiological Maternal Changes:
Bladder tone is |
Decreased
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Physiological Maternal Changes:
Bladder capacity is |
Decreased
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Physiological Maternal Changes:
Respiratory rate is |
Unchanged
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Physiological Maternal Changes:
Pulse may |
Increase about 10 BPM
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Physiological Maternal Changes:
Blood pressure may |
Decline in second trimester
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Physiological Maternal Changes:
Basal Metobolic Rate |
Increases
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Physiological Maternal Changes:
Uterus grows from |
60g to 1000g
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Physiological Maternal Changes:
Cervix |
Becomes shorter, more elastic, and larger in diameter
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Physiological Maternal Changes:
Chadwicks sign |
Increased vascularization causes softening and blue/purple discoloration
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Physiological Maternal Changes:
Vaginal changes include |
Hypertrophy and thinckening of mucus
Increase in secretions-thick, while, acidic. |
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Physiological Maternal Changes:
Dark streak down midline of abdomen |
linea nigra
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Physiological Maternal Changes:
Blotchy brownish hyperpigmentation, may occure over forehead, cheeks, nose |
Chloamsma (Mask of pregnancy)
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Physiological Maternal Changes:
Reddish purple stretch marks |
striae
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Psychological Maternal Changes:
Mother and father experience what in relation to role changes |
Ambivalance
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Discomforts of Pregnancy:
N/V/D occurs when and is caused by what |
First trimester. Caused by changes in hCG level and carbohydrate metabolism
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Discomforts of Pregnancy:
Syncope occurs when and is caused by what? |
First trimester, can occur in 2nd and 3rd with supin hypotension. Triggered by increased blod vol., anumia, fatigue, position changes, lying supine
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Discomforts of Pregnancy:
Suncope interventions include |
Sitting with feet elevated, changing position slowly, and laying in left later recumbant position
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Discomforts of Pregnancy:
Urinary urgency and frequescy occurs when and is caused by what? |
1st and 3rd trimester. Caused by pressure of the uterus on the bladder.
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Discomforts of Pregnancy:
Breast tenderness occurs when and by what? |
1st thru 3rd. Caused by increased levels of estrogen and progesterone.
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Discomforts of Pregnancy:
Increased vaginal discharge occures when and by what? |
1st thru 3rd. Cuased by hyperplasia of vagina muscosa and increased mucus production.
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Discomforts of Pregnancy:
Nasal stuffiness occurs when and by what? |
1st thru 3rd. Increased estrogen causes swelling of nasal tissues and dryness.
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Discomforts of Pregnancy:
Fatigue occures when and by what? |
1st and 3rd. Usually dut to hormonal changes.
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Discomforts of Pregnancy:
Heartburn occures when and by what? |
2nd and 3rd. Results from increased progesterone levels, decreased GI motility and esophageal reflux, and displacement of the stomach by enlarging uterus.
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Discomforts of Pregnancy:
Heartburn interventions include: |
Eat small frequent meals
Avoid fatty/spicy meals Drink milk in between meals Performing tailor sitting exercises |
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Discomforts of Pregnancy:
Ankle edema occurs when and by what? |
2nd, 3rd. Occures because of vasodilation, venous stasis, and increased venous pressure below the uterus.
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Discomforts of Pregnancy:
Varicose veins are occur when and by what? |
2nd, 3rd. Occur because of weakening walls of the viens or valves and venous congestion.
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Discomforts of Pregnancy:
Headaches occur when and by what? |
2nd, 3rd. Occur as a result of changes in blood volume and vascular tone.
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Discomforts of Pregnancy:
Hemmorrhoids occur when and by what? |
2nd, 3rd. Occur because of increased venous pressure and/or constipation.
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Discomforts of Pregnancy:
COnstipation occurs when and by what? |
2nd, 3rd. Occures becuase of decreased intestinal motility, displacement of intestines, and taking iron suppliments.
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Discomforts of Pregnancy:
Leg cramps occur when and by what? |
2nd, 3rd. Altered calcium-phosphorus balance and pressure of the uterus on the nerves, or from fatigue.
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Discomforts of Pregnancy:
SOB occurs when and by what? |
2nd, 3rd. Caused by displacement of diaphragm.
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Laboratory Tests:
If the client is Rh negative, and has a negative antibody screen, the pt. should recieve what? |
Rh immune globulin at 28 weeks gestation
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Laboratory Tests:
Rubella titer-if the client has a negative titer indicative suceptability to the rubella virus, client should recieve what? |
immunization post-partum. Pt. should be using effective birth control at time of immunization.
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Laboratory Tests:
Rubella titer-pt. should avoid what when recieving immunization? |
avoid getting pregant for 3 months following immunization, and avoid immunocompromized ppl.
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Laboratory Tests:
If Rubella titer is given at the same time as Rh globulin, it: |
may not be effective.
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Laboratory Tests:
Hemoglobin and Hemocrit levels will _____ during gestation. |
Drop due to increased plasma volume.
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Laboratory Tests:
An increased hemocrit level may indicate the development of |
Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH).
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Laboratory Tests:
Decrease in hemoglobin levels to ___ and hemocrit levels to ___ indicate anemia. |
hemoglobin=10g/dl
hemocrit=30g/dl |
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Laboratory Tests:
Tuberculin skin tests-radiograph will not be performed after __ weeks gestation. |
20 weeks due to fetal organ formation
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Laboratory Tests:
Urinalysis: ____ is a common result of decreased renal threshold that occurs during pregnancy. |
Glysosuria
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Laboratory Tests:
If glycosuria persists, this may indicate ____. |
Diabetes
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Laboratory Tests:
Urinalysis:_____ may result from insufficient food intake or vomiting |
Ketonuria
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Laboratory Tests:
Urinalysis: Levels of ___ in the urine may indicate preganancy indiced hypertension |
2+ to 4+ protein
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Diagnostic Tests:
Ultrasound: Woman may need to ____ before the procedure to obtain a better veiw of the fetus. |
Drink water to fill the bladder.
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Diagnostic Tests:
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) screening assesses _____ |
quantity of fetal serum proteins.
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Diagnostic Tests:
if AFP levels are elevated, thi sis associated with |
open neural tube and abdominal wall defects.
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Diagnostic Tests:
AFP can detect these two defects. |
Spina bifida, Down syndrome.
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Diagnostic Tests:
Chorionic villus sampling: done at ___ to ___ weeks gestation. |
8 to 12 weeks.
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Diagnostic Tests:
Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is performed by _____ |
aspirating a small sample of chorionic villus tissue.
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Diagnostic Tests:
CVS is performed to test for |
genetic abnormalities.
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Diagnostic Tests:
CVS increases risk of _____ |
Rh sesitization. Rh neg women may be given RhoGAM.
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Diagnostic Tests:
Kick counts: mother lies on ____ side, and reports if there are fewer than ___ kicks in 12 hours |
left side, 10 kick.
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Diagnostic Tests:
Amniocentesis: aspiration of amniotic fluid done from ___ to ___ week of pregnancy |
13th to 14th week.
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Diagnostic Tests:
Amniocentesus is done to determine _____ |
genetic disorders, metabolic defects, and fetal lung maturity.
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Diagnostic Tests:
Amniocentesis risks include the follow 6 items: |
Maternal hemmorrhage, Infection, Rh isoimmunization, Abruptio placentae, Amniotic fluid emboli, premature rupture of membranes.
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Diagnostic Tests:
Fern test: Microscopic slide test to determine the presence of ______ |
amniotic fluid leakage
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Diagnostic Tests:
Fern test: specemin is obtained from the ____ and ____ |
external os of the cervix and and vaginal pool
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Diagnostic Tests:
Fer test: A fernlike pattern occuring from the salts of _____ indicate the presence of _____. |
amniotic fluid, amniotic fluid.
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Diagnostic Tests:
Nitrazine test: used to detect the presence of ____ in vaginal secretions |
amniotic fluid.
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Diagnostic Tests:
Nitrazine test: Vaginal secretions have a PH of ___ to ____ |
PH of 4.5 to 5.5
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Diagnostic Tests:
Nitrazine test: Amniotic fluid has a PH of ___ to ___ and will turn a yelloy strip or swab a blue color. |
PH of 7.0 tp 7.5
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Diagnostic Tests:
Nonstress Test (NST): performed to asses ____ and ____ |
placental function and oxygenation.
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Diagnostic Tests:
NST evaluates ____ in response to ____ |
fetal heart rate (FHR) in respone to fetal movement.
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