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68 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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which type of inflammation occurs the same way every time and has a rapid response to injury
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acute inflammation
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3 major components of acute inflammation
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vascular size changes
structural changes immigration of PMNs |
think of what happens when you stub your toe
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* which type of inflammation has infiltration with mononuclear cells
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* chronic inflammation
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granulomatous inflammation is an example of what type of inflamm.
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chronic inflamm.
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name the 2 most common cause of granulomatous inflamm.
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TB
sarcoids |
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what are some factors that can prolong wound healing
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*diabetes
immunocompromised (prolonged steroid use) |
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Name the 4 types of hypersentivity Rxns in order
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anaphylactice (IgE)
cytotoxic (IgM & IgE) immune complex mediated (Ag/Aby) Delayed/ cell mediated (sensitised T cells) |
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drug rxns, asthma and hives are examples of what type of allergic Rxn
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type I (anaphylactic)
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IgE
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transfusion Rx, rheumatic fever & Goodpasture's syndrome are examples of what type of allergic Rxn
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Type II (cytotoxic)
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IgM & IgE
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SLE, RA and serum sickness are examples of what type of allergic Rxn
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Type III (immune complex mediated)
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Ag/Aby
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transplant Rxn, contact dermatitis and TB skin test are examples of what type of allergic Rxn
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Type IV (delayed)
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senstised T cells
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what med. can cause Bull's eye maculopathy
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plaquenil (anti-malarial
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What autoimmune disorder can present with:
*butterfly rash (+) ANA (+) Class II HLA genes can cause disc edema and papilledema |
SLE
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what type of arthritis affects small joints and symptoms are worse in the am?
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RA
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what type of arthritis affects large joints
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osteoarthritis
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what disorder presents with dry eyes, dry mouth and arthritis
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Sjogren's syndrome
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increased uric acid levels are typically related to:
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gout
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celiac sprue(wheat intolerance) is linked to which type of lymphoma
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B cell lymphoma
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how do you Dx sarcoids
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chest X-ray
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*what are the ocular findings for sarcoids
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* ant. granulomatous uveitis (also found in TB)
* candle wax drippings |
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what is the ocular finding for ankylosing spondylitis
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raging ant. uveitis
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which disorder is assoc. with a (+) HLA B-27 gene
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ankylosing spondylitis
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*what is the classic triad for Reiter's syndrome
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conjunctivitis
urethritis arthitis |
"old man Reiter can't see, can't pee, can't climb a tree"
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what is the most common primary immunodeficiency Dz
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IgA deficiency
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which Aby is found in body secretions
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IgA
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what part of IgA makes the Aby secretory
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J-chain
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*where does AIDS replicate
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*cytoplasm
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what is the most common acquired immunodeficiency?
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AIDS
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in AIDS pts., what is the most common eye inf. and leading cause of blindness
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CMV
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what are 4 common opportunistic inf. in AIDS pts.
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pneumocystic pneumoniae
fungal inf. TB Kaposi's sarcoma |
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4 types of necrosis
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coagulative (MI)
liquefactive (lung) caseous (TB) fat |
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what is caused by trisomy 21
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Down's syndrome
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what are 2 disorders assoc. with Down's syndrome
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mental retardation
cong. heart Dz |
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trisomy 18 is assoc. w/
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Edward's syndrome
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"Eddy is 18"
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does Klinefelter's syndrome (XXY) occur in males or females?
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males
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Kalvin Kline happens to boys
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does Turner's (XO) syndrome occur in males or females
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females
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Tina Turer happens to girls
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name 3 recessive Dzs
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sickle cell
cystic fibrosis PKU |
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decreased MCV, Fe deficiency anemia and thalassemia are ex. of what type of anemia
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microcytic anemia
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what are some ex. of normocytic anemia (norm. MCV)
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aplastic anemia
hemolytic anemia sickle cell Dz |
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chloramphemicol can cause what type of anemia
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aplastic anemia
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in sickle Dz glutamic acid is substituted for ____
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valine
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"V has victory over G"
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2 ex. of macrocytic anemia (increased MCV)
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B12 deficiency (pernicous anemia)
folic acid deficiency (common in alcoholics) |
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Bence Jones protein in the urine is assoc. w/ what type of myeloma
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mult. myeloma
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*Reed-sternburg cells are assoc. with what type of lymphoma
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Hodgkin's
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what is a roth spot
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retinal hemorrhage w/ white spot in the middle
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charactistic of leukemia
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Roth spot is characteristic of what
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leukemia
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auer rods are assoc. w/ what type of leukemia
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AML
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90% of pts. wth CML are pos. for what chromosome
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(+)Philadelphia chromosome
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what is an adenoma
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benign epithelial tumor that arises in glands or forms glandular pattern
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from what tissues do sarcomas arise from
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mesenchymal tissue
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carcinoma arises form what tissue
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epithelial tissue
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what is the 2nd most common skin CA
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squamous cell CA
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what is neoplasia
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unorganized "new" cell growth
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6 causes of neoplasms (unorganized "new" cell growth"
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viruses (HPV, EBV, etc.)
toxins (tob., asbestas) DZs (MG, ulcerative colitis) loss of tumor supressor gene gain of oncogenes hormones |
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presence of a Hollenhorst plaque makes the pt. @ risk for?
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TIA
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*what is the Tx for TIA
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*heparing therapy and long-term aspirin use
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internal carotid CVA results in what type of blindness (ipsilateral, contralateral or bilateral)
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ipsilateral
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Broca's aphasia and Wernicke's aphasia results from a CVA that occurs where?
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middle cerebral a.
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what is the triad for Horner's syndrome
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ptosis
miosis anhydrosis |
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Horner's synd. is assoc. w/ what type of tumor
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Pancoast's tumor (apical lung tumor)
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what is the most common primary brain tumor
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glioblastoma
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4 non-inflammatory causes of edema
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~increase organ pressure
~decrease plasma oncotic pressure ~lymphatic obstruction ~ Na+ retention |
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what are 2 common causes of a thrombus(clot)
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BCP (birth control pill)
smoking |
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diff. between a thrombus and embolus
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embolus is a clot on the move
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most common bact. STD
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chlamydia
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chronic red eye
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Tx for chlamydia
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1g Azithromycin
Doxycycline 100 mg BID X 7dys |
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Tx for gonorrhea
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Cetriaxone 125mg IM & Doxycycline 100mg po BID X 7d
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what is the most common breast CA
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infiltrating ductal Breast CA
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