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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
1st ever glaucoma drug was:
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pilocarpine
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edrophonium is used to diagnose:
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myasthenia gravis
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carbachol has the same mechanism of action as:
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pilocarpine
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mechanism of action for cholinergic antagonists:
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block acetylcholine at muscarinic receptor sites in ciliary body and iris
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the Tensilon Test is:
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used to diagnose myasthenia gravis. within 1 minute of administration it stimulates muscle and improves strength in a patient with myasthenia gravis.
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neostigmine is used for treatment of:
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myasthenia gravis
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neostigmine was previously used to treat:
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glaucoma
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neostigmine belongs to what family of drugs:
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indirect acting cholinergic agonists
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the irreversible indirect cholinergic agonist drugs are:
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echothiophate, and isofluorophate
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isofluorophate is used clinically for:
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nothing - used to be used in glaucoma and/or accommodative esotropia treatment, but not anymore due to oculotoxic side effects
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oculotoxic side effects of isofluorophate:
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severe ciliary spasms, retinal detachments, cataracts, iris cysts
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pyridostigmine is used for treating:
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myasthenia gravis
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physostigmine used to be a:
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2nd line treatment for glaucoma
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of the indirect acting cholinergic agonists, the most notorious for their side effects were:
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Demecarium, Isofluorophate, Echothiophate
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pilocarpine is used when:
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there has been an angle closure attack and the patient is awaiting an LPI. pilocarpine causes miosis which pulls iris tight allowing a more effective LPI
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edrophonium is also known as
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Tensilon
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cholinergic antagonists are used for:
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cycloplegic refraction, pupillary dilation, uveitis management
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systemic side effects of scopolamine
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hallucinations, amnesia, unconsciousness, confusion, restlessness, incoherence, vomitting, urinary incontinence
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standard drug used for dilation at regular eye exams:
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tropicamide
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tropicamide is used as primary dilating agent in regular eye exams because:
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mydriatic effect is stronger than cycloplegic effect
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of all cholinergic antagonists, ____________ has the shortest mydriatic effect duration
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tropicamide
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cholinergic antagonist used to treat motion sickness
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scopolamine
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scopolamine is not used as often as atropine due to
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more serious CNS side effects
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most potent mydriatic agent:
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atropine
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systemic side effects of atropine:
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hallucinations, tachycardia, excitement, fever, thirst
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atropine must be used with special caution in patients with:
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down's syndrome
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atropine works in amblyopia therapy by:
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cycloplegic action on "good" eye thereby forcing amblyopic eye to be more dominant
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drug with fastest onset of cycloplegic effect:
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cyclopentalate
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drug with shortest duration of cycloplegic effect:
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cyclopentalate
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drug with fastest onset of mydriatic effect:
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tropicamide
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antidote for atropine toxicity
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physostigmine
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Naphcon-A is composed of:
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naphazoline (vasoconstrictor) and pheniramine maleate (antihistamine - H1 antagonist)
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cromolyn sodium is a:
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mast cell stabilizer
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