Nbde Microbiology/pathology Ab

Front 1

What is the standard prophylactic regimen for a nonallergic adult patient?

Back 1

2 g Amoxicillin one hour before procedure

Front 2

What is the standard prophylactic regimen for a nonallergic children patient?

Back 2

50 mg Amoxicillin one hour before procedure

Front 3

What antibiotics are used when a patient has an allergy to Amoxicillin?

Back 3

Clindamycin
Cephalexin
Azithromycin

Front 4

What antibiotic can be used to treat a periapical abscess in a patient who has a history of hypersensitivity to penicillin?

Back 4

Azithromycin

Front 5

What is the standard regimen for Clindamycin in adults?

Back 5

600 mg 1 hour prior to treatment

Front 6

What is the standard regimen for Clindamycin in children?

Back 6

20 mg 1 hour prior to treatment

Front 7

What is the standard regimen for Cephalexin in adults?

Back 7

2 g 1 hour prior to treatment

Front 8

What is the standard regimen for Cephalexin in children?

Back 8

50 mg 1 hour prior to treatment

Front 9

What is the standard regimen for Azithromycin in adults?

Back 9

500 mg 1 hour prior to treatment

Front 10

What is the standard regimen for Azithromycin in children?

Back 10

15 mg 1 hour prior to treatment

Front 11

An infection, usually of the oral cavity or vagina which is caused by the candida species which causes an inflammatory, pruritic infection.

Back 11

Candidiasis

Front 12

What is the most likely condition to predispose a patient to candidiasis?

Back 12

Immune deficiency disorder

Front 13

What are the two antifungal medications that are used as swish and swallow treatments for candidiasis?

Back 13

Nyastatin and Clotrimazole

Front 14

What drugs are included in the Penicillin family?

Back 14

Penicillin VK
Amoxicillin
Amoxicillin/Clavulanate
Ampicillin

Front 15

What drug inhibits cell wall synthesis, is bactericidal and has hypersensitivty as its adverse effect?

Back 15

Penicillins
Cephalosporins

Front 16

What drugs are included in the Cephalosponis family?

Back 16

Cephalexin (Keflex)
Cefalcor (Ceclor)
Clindamycin

Front 17

What drug inhibits 50S ribosomes, is bacteriostatic and has pseudomembranous colitis as its adverse effect?

Back 17

Clindamycin

Front 18

What drugs are included in the Macrolides family?

Back 18

Azithromycin (Z-Pack)
Clarithromycin (Biaxin)
Erythromycin

Front 19

What family of drugs inhibits the 50S ribosomes and is bacteriostatic with no generalized significant adverse effects?

Back 19

Macrolides
Tetracyclines

Front 20

What drugs have an adverse effect that includes GI hypersensitivity?

Back 20

Clarithromycin (Biaxin)
Erythromycin

Front 21

What drugs are included in the Tetracycline family?

Back 21

Tetracycline
Doxycycline (Vibramycin)
Minocycline (Minocin)

Front 22

What drug in the tetracycline family is susceptible to superinfections as its adverse effect?

Back 22

Tetracycline

Front 23

What drugs are included in the Aminoglycosides family?

Back 23

Streptomycin
Gentamycin

Front 24

What family of drugs inhibits the 30S ribosomes is bactericidal, and is associated with ototoxicity, and nephrotoxicity as its adverse effects?

Back 24

Aminoglycosides

Front 25

What drug inhibits DNA, is bactericidal and has side effects of nausea and headache?

Back 25

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

Front 26

What drug inhibits cell wall synthesis is bactericidal and has the side effect of nephrotoxicity?

Back 26

Bacitracin

Front 27

What drug inhibits 50S ribosomes is bacteriostatic and has blood disorders as an adverse effect?

Back 27

Chloramphenicol

Front 28

What drug is in the cephalosporin family that is considered a broad spectrum antibiotic?

Back 28

Cefaclor

Front 29

This class of antibiotics behave like penicillin in that they affect the bacterial cell wall during cell division such that closure does not occur.

Back 29

Cephalosporin

Front 30

What is the generational progression of Cephalosporins characterized by?

Back 30

Broadening action against gram-negative and decreased activity against gram-positive

Front 31

What are the first generation cephalosporins?

Back 31

Cephalexin (Keflex)
Cephradine (Velosef)
Cefadroxil (Duricef)
Cefazolin (Ancef)

Front 32

What are the second generation cephalosporins?

Back 32

Cefaclor (Ceclor)
Cefuroxime (Ceftin)
Cefoxitin (Mefoxin)

Front 33

What are the third generation cephalosporins?

Back 33

Cefixime (Suprax)
Cefoperazone (Cefobid)

Front 34

What is the fourth generation cephalosporin?

Back 34

Cefepime (Maxipime)

Front 35

What percentage of individuals expressing allergy to the penicillin family of antibiotics will have cross allergenicity to the cephalosporins?

Back 35

10%

Front 36

What are the antibiotic agents that affect bacterial DNA?

Back 36

Quinolone family (Ciprofloxacin)
Metronidazole (Flagyl)

Front 37

What antibiotic agents interfere with bacterial metabolic pathways?

Back 37

Sulfonamides

Front 38

What two antibiotics are usually prescribed in the treatment of Rickettsial diseases?

Back 38

Tetracycline
Chloramphenicol

Front 39

Small, gram-negative, aerobic, coccobacilliary bacteria that are obligate intracellular parasites, which contain both RNA and DNA and results from insect bites.

Back 39

Rickettsia

Front 40

What is the target cell for all rickettsiae?

Back 40

Endothelial Capillaries
Small blood vessels

Front 41

What is in the Spotted fever groups of rickettsiae?

Back 41

Rocky Mountain Spotted fever
Queensland tick fever
Boutonneuse Fever, kenya tick fever
Siberian Tick fever
Rickettsialpox

Front 42

What is in the Typhus group of rickettsiae?

Back 42

Louse-borne typhus (epidemic typhus)
Murine typhus (endemic typhys)
Scrub typhus
Q Fever

Front 43

Which penicillin is prescribed primarily in the treatment of severe penicillinase-producing staphylococcal infections?

Back 43

Methicillin

Front 44

Produced by certain bacteria that render penicillin inactive (some strains of staphylococci).

Back 44

Penicillinase

Front 45

Penicillin inhibits the terminal step in what?

Back 45

Peptidoglycan synthesis

Front 46

Which antibiotic is not only effective against most Staph., aerobic and anaerobic Strep., but is most effective in treating infections due to bacteroides species?

Back 46

Clindamycin

Front 47

What causes the adverse side effects of clindamycin usage?

Back 47

Overgrowth of Clostridium difficile bacteria

Front 48

An antibiotic that is bacteriostatic and is active against most gram-positive and many anaerobic organisms, including the anaerobic gram-negative bacteria bacteroides fragilis.

Back 48

Clindamycin

Front 49

Why can Clindamycin be safely given to patients that are allergic to penicillins?

Back 49

No cross allergenicity

Front 50

What is the major sterol of fungal membranes?

Back 50

Ergesterol

Front 51

What two antifungals are polyene antibiotics which impair ergesterol synthesis?

Back 51

Amphotericin B
Nystatin

Front 52

What antifungal medications are used to combat candidiasis in the oral cavity or oropharynx and alters the cell membrane of a fungus?

Back 52

Clotrimazole (Mycolex Troche)
Nystatin (Mycostatin)

Front 53

What antifungal medications combat the cutaneous and mucocutaneous candidiasis, and alters the cell membrane of the fungus?

Back 53

Amphotericin-B (Fungizone)
Ketoconazole (Nizoral)
Nystatin (Mycostatin)

Front 54

What antifungals are used to combat oral, esophageal, oropharyngeal candidiasis which attacks the fungus by altering the cell membrane?

Back 54

Fluconazole (Diflucan)
Ketoconazole (Nizoral)

Front 55

What antifungal medication is used to treat systemic Candidiasis and is administered through IV injection?

Back 55

Amphotericin-B

Front 56

What is associated with systemic amphotericin-B?

Back 56

High incidence of kidney toxicity

Front 57

Drugs that affect cell membrane permeability, causing leakage of cellular constituents, which leads to the death of the cell

Back 57

Antifungal drugs