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5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Intro: Aquinas' argument |
-Aquinas- reconcile Christian thought with Greek thinking - sees goodness as divine essence (nature of God) which is reflected in our human nature and the ends we rationally pursue. - synderesis principle, naturally "do good and avoid evil", opposite of reformation assumption: "all have sinned and fall short of Gods glory" - born with good nature, able to reason so pursue good ends - divine law reflects Gods eternal law, revealed in holy scripture (10 commandments) - from observable rational ends we get primary precepts
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Para 1: Primary precepts |
5 observable goods POWER 1) Preservation of life 2) Ordered society 3) Worship of God 4) Education 5) Reproduction - universal and absolutist -not as absolute as we may think, to fit with agnostic age concern for the environment has been incorporated |
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Para 2: human law
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- human law= 4th law - builds on Aristotle's belief of Eudaimonia (Sees happiness as personal and social flourishing) - for society to flourish, we need to bring our law in line with eternal law of God - we can still flourish by using our god-given rational nature for humans to fulfil their godly destiny - being with God forever and being Christ-like |
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Para 3: secondary precepts |
- applications of primary precepts, may change eg society changes eg situation ethics eg "thou shalt not kill" gets suspended in times of war - example: sexual reproduction 1) sex leads to pregnancy and child birth 2) act of procreation is all part of the design and thus purpose 3) sex can be broken down into causes -material cause (man and woman) - efficient cause - the method - formal cause - actual process - final cause - creation of new human being
- natural law (Catholics) concerned with final cause. All other causes are good as long as they permit the final cause hence why contraception is wrong
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Para 4: apparent goods |
- cannot consciously sin, "doing good and avoiding evil" - synderesis principle - clearly breaks down eternal law reflected in natural law that most rational humans want to preserve life (primary precept) - cannot flourish breaking natural law, being sub-human and irrational - called apparent goods (acts done from reason that do not correspond to the natural law - mistakenly believed to be real goods (acts corresponds to natural law) eg hitler's genocide |
