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27 Cards in this Set

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King Louis XIV

King of France from 1643-1715; known as the sun king, he built the palace Versailles as a mean to consolidate absolute power; a series of wars at the end of his long reign drained France's wealth

King Louis XVI

King of France from 1774 to 1792; his unpopular policies, including harsh taxes, helped trigger the French Revolution. Deposed by the National Convention, he was executed by guillontine

Marie Antoinette

Queen of France, wife of King Louis XVI; she was queen during the French Revolution and was disliked by many French citizens. She was found guilty of treason and guillotined

Old Order

France's social and political structure that places the king at the top of the three estates

Estates

a broad hierarchal division or classes in society that is born into that distinguishes nobility, clergy, and commoners.

Bourgeoisie

the urban middle class, merchants, professionals, and manufacturers

Sansculottes

without breeches"; a radical group of shopkeepers and wage earners during the French Revolution who wanted a larger voice in government and an end to food shortages.

Versailles

The court of Versailles was the centre of political power in France, where the king and queen lived some 20 miles from Paris

Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen

a document that laid out the basic principles of the French Revolution - liberty, equality, and fraternity

Radicals

a person with extreme veiws or favoring extreme change

National Assembly

a transitional body between the Estates-General and the National Consituent Assembly

National Convention

was formed from the National Assembly on July 9th, 1789; during the first stages of the French Revolution, it dissolved in 1791 and was replaced by the Legislative Assembly.

Reign of Terror

a period during the French Revolution in which the Robespierre-led government executed thousands of political figures and ordinary citizens

Guillotine

a device used during the French Revolution for beheading people

Bastille

was a fortress-prison in Paris, known today because of the storming of the Bastille on July 14th, 1789 which along with the Tennis Court Oath is considered the beginning of the French Revolution

Counter Revolution

a revolution against the government established by a revolution

Maximilien Robespierre

leading figure of the French Revolution; he was known for his intense dedication to the Revolution. He became increasingly radical and led the National Conventional during its most bloodthirtsy time

Jean-Paul Marat

one of the more extreme voices in the French Revolution and he became a vigorous defender of the Parisian san-culottes; known as a radical journalist and politician

George Danton

was a leading figure in the early stages of the French Revoltion and the first President of the Committee of Public Saftety; he was guillotined by the advocates of revolutionary terror after accusations leniency to the enimies of the Revolution

Coup d'etat

a sudden, illegal overthrow of a governmenmt, usually by a small group of the existing state establishment, typically the military - to replace the deposed government with another body

Napoleon Bonaparte

general; Emperor of France; he seized power in a coup d'etat in 1799; he ked French armies in conquering much of Europe, placing his relatives in positions of power

Nationalism

sense of pride and devotion to one's nation.

Congress of Vienna

Conference of ambassadors of European states. It's objectives resulted in the redrawing of the continent's political map, establishing the boundaries of nations and empires changed by Napoleon's rule.

Plebiscite

the procedure to submit the constitution of a new government to the people for a yes or no vote.

Continental System

The system of commercial blockades of British and continental Europe set in place by Napoleon with the intent of destroying Britain's economy

Congress of Vienne

was a congress of ambassadors of European states. Its objectives resulted in the redrawing of the continent's political map, establishing the boundaries of nations and empires changed by Napoleon's rule.

Nationalism

sense of pride and devotion to one's nation