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130 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Melody
chapter 1 |
any series of musical pitches
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pitch
chapter 1 |
the relative height of a sound
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staff
chapter 4 |
consisting of five lines and four spaces
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clef
chapter 4 |
a symbol that designates the location of note names
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treble clef
chapter 4 |
stylized G and is sometimes known as the G clef
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octave
chapter 4 |
distance between two notes having the same letter
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ledger lines
chapter 4 |
short lines placed above or below the staff to expand the range of the clef
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bass clef
chapter 4 |
stylized F and is sometimes known as the F clef
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grand staff
chapter 4 |
the bass and treble clef together - indicated with a vertical bracket
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accidentals
chapter 4 |
raise and lower the pitch of a note by one half step
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half step
chapter 4 |
smallest distance between two different pitches on the piano
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sharp
chapter 4 |
raises a pitch by a half step
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flat
chapter 4 |
lowers the pitch by a half step
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natural
chapter 4 |
cancels a sharp or flat - no alterations
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enharmonic equivalents
chapter 4 |
example: G flat and F sharp - same note, different names
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Major scale
chapter 5 |
W W H W W W H
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minor scale
chapter 5 |
W H W W H W W
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melodic minor
chapter 5 |
changes up and down
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harmonic minor
chapter 5 |
adds an extra sharp on 7
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chromatic scale
chapter 5 |
contains all twelve different pitches in an octave
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consonant intervals
chapter 6 |
pleasant sounding combinations of two or more notes
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dissonant intervals
chapter 6 |
harsh sounding combinations of notes
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perfect intervals
chapter 6 |
fit in the major key signature of the bottom note
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major intervals
chapter 6 |
seconds, thirds, sixths, and sevenths
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minor intervals
chapter 6 |
when a major interval is decreased
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chords
chapter 6 |
formed by two or more notes sounding at the same time
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diads
chapter 6 |
chords containing two notes
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triads
chapter 6 |
chords containing three notes
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blocked chord
chapter 6 |
the chord played simultaneously
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arpeggiated chord
chapter 6 |
each note of the chord sounding at a different time
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root position
chapter 6 |
when the root of the chord is the lowest sounding note
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inversion
chapter 6 |
stacking a chord in a different order
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first inversion
chapter 6 |
if the third of the chord is on the bottom
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second inversion
chapter 6 |
if the fifthe of the chord is on the bottom
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closed position
chapter 6 |
wen notated on three successive lines or spaces
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open position
chapter 6 |
when written in a different range more than a fifthe
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functional harmony
chapter 6 |
system of western music built on major and minor scales
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cadences
chapter 6 |
important ending or pausing points in music
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tonic chord
chapter 6 |
I (I, IV, V)
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subdominant chord
chapter 6 |
IV (I, IV, V)
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dominant chord
chapter 6 |
V (I, IV, V)
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Duration
chapter 1 |
length of time a sound endures
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Volume
chapter 1 |
relative loudness or softness of a sound
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Rhythm
chapter 1 |
the way music is organized
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Harmony
chapter 1 |
the vertical element of music that results from the combination of two or more pitches
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Timbre
chapter 1 |
the quality of the sound produced by an instrument or voice
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Dynamics
chapter 1 |
the loudness or softness of musical sound (pp, p, mp, mf, f, ff)
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Form
chapter1 |
the structure of a piece of music
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Texture
chapter 1 |
the relationship of lines in a piece of music
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Music
chapter 1 |
humanly organized sound and silence
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Transmission
chapter 1 |
the process of passing on musical
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Sound
chapter 1 |
physical phenomenon cause by a vibrating object transmitting energy through some medium and perceived by listeners
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Silence
chapter 1 |
the absence of sound
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Instrumental Capacity
chapter 1 |
ability an instrument has to play different types of sounds
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Graphic Notation
chapter 1 |
a picture of sound where all three parameters of sound are displayed
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Associative Response
chapter 1 |
where music is heard and then associated with something else
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Affective Response
chapter 1 |
the feelings, emotions, and states of mind that are created
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Musical Term Responses
chapter 1 |
descriptions based on the seven musical elements
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Beat
chapter 2 |
steady pulse that keeps a constant, steady rhythem
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Tempo
chapter 2 |
rate of the beat in music
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Metronome
chapter 2 |
a mechanical device that sounds or displays a steady pulse at varying rates of speed as an aid while practicing
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Notes
chapter 2 |
the way sound is written
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Rests
chapter 2 |
the way silence is written
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Measures
chapter 2 |
the units of time in which rhythms are written
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Triplet
chapter 2 |
a group of three notes of equal value
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Rhythmic Counting
chapter 2 |
conventional method of indicating rhythms in Western music using numbers and syllables
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Meter
chapter 3 |
the way the pulses are organized in a piece of music
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Ostinato
chapter 3 |
recurring pattern that adds a constant, repeated part to a composition
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Polyrhythms
chapter 3 |
created by multiple rhythms played on different kinds of percussion instruments
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Dot
chapter 3 |
makes any note lengthened by one-half of its value
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Time Signature
chapter 3 |
musical fraction that indicates the metric organization of a whole measure in a piece of music
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Simple Time Signatures
chapter 3 |
have beats that are divided into multiples of 2 equal parts
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Compound Time Signatures
chapter 3 |
have beats that are divided into multiples 3 equal parts
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Backbeat
chapter 3 |
when the weak beats are stressed
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Syncopated
chapter 3 |
when the weak part of the beat is stressed
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Transposition
chapter 4 |
the process of playing the same melody in another key
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Relative Major/Minor
chapter 4 |
each major key has a minor key with the same key signature, vice versa, Circle of Fifths
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Melodic Minor Scale
chapter 4 |
the 6th and 7th notes are raised one half step only in the ascending scale the descending scale is natural
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Solfege
chapter 4 |
system of assigning syllables to the notes of a major scale
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Monophony
chapter 5 |
where only one pitch is heard at a time, usually as a single line of melody
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Polyphony
chapter 5 |
characterized by two or more independent melodic lines sounding at the same time
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Homophony
chapter 5 |
musical texture containing one melody along with supporting harmonies
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Heterophony
chapter 5 |
musical texture created by one melody being echoed or shadowed by two or more different performers
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Interval
chapter 5 |
the distance between any two notes
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Augmented
chapter 5 |
when the size of a perfect interval is increased by a half step
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Diminished
chapter 5 |
when the size of a perfect interval is decreased by a half step
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Brass Family
chapter 7 |
includes instruments made of metal and producing sound when the musician vibrates or "buzzes" his/her lips in a cup shaped mouth piece
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Woodwind Family
chapter 7 |
includes instruments that use a vibrating wooden reed or column of air to produce sound
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String Family
chapter 7 |
produce sound by bowing or plucking a string
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Percussion Family
chapter 7 |
includes instruments that are struck to produce a sound
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Aerophones
chapter 7 |
instruments that produce sound from a vibrating air stream (includes brass and woodwinds)
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Idiophones
chapter 7 |
when the instrument itself vibrates to make sound (includes percussion family)
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Membranophones
chapter 7 |
when percussion instruments have a vibrating head or membrane to make a sound
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Chordophones
chapter 7 |
instruments that produce sound made from a vibrating string (includes woodwinds and acoustic piano)
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Mechanical and electrical instruments
chapter 7 |
instruments that require electricity or mechanical parts to produce sound
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Corpophones
chapter 7 |
sounds made by the human body without any external instruments
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A cappella
chapter 7 |
vocal music without any accompaniment
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Accents
chapter 7 |
symbols indicating that a given note receives more emphasis (>)
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Binary
chapter 7 |
music consists of two parts; an initial theme and a contrasting theme (ABA)
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Ternary
chapter 7 |
music that consists of three different sections of music the make up the form (ABACA)
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Coda
chapter 7 |
a short concluding segment
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Songs
chapter 7 |
pieces of music with lyrics that often have a form including verses and a chorus
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Strophic
chapter 7 |
songs having verses and a chorus
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Verses
chapter 7 |
repeated sections of music with different words
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Chorus
chapter 7 |
section of words and music that is repeated periodically throughout the song
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Ballads
chapter 7 |
songs that tell stories
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Through-composed
chapter 7 |
musical material that changes during a piece, so that the listener encounters new musical material, but in which there is no substantial repitition
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Measure Repeats
chapter 7 |
indicate to the musician that one or more measure are to be played again
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Single Measure Repeats
chapter 7 |
apply to the measure immediately proceeding the symbol
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Capo
chapter 7 |
designates the beginning of a piece of music
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Segno
chapter 7 |
used to indicate a point of reference in the piece of music
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Fine
chapter 7 |
designates the final measure of a piece of music
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Middle Ages
chapter 8 |
the rise of a civilization occurring between 500 and 1450, aka medieval times
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Chant
chapter 8 |
a type of a cappella vocal music, based on religious texts
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Modes
chapter 8 |
precursors of major and minor scales
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Sacred Music
chapter 8 |
music for religious purposes
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Secular Music
chapter 8 |
music for other purposes
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Renaissance
chapter 8 |
a period of great cultural re-awakening and achievement in the arts, literature, and sciences throughout Europe (1450-1600)
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Baroque Age
chapter 8 |
during this age, many European monarchies employed composers to write music to celebrate their pageantry and ceremonies
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Opera
chapter 8 |
form of performance, originating in the theater, and using music from the western classical tradition
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Terraced Dynamics
chapter 8 |
sudden changes between loud and soft volumes without the use of crescendo or decrescendo
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Classical Period
chapter 8 |
characterized by a cleaner and less ornamented style (1750-1820)
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Romantic Era
chapter 8 |
characterized by a subjective, personal, and introspective approach, creates a more emotional impact (1820-1900)
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Nationalism
chapter 8 |
creation of much instrumental music celebrating the traditional musical harmonies and melodies from their respective homelands
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Rubato
chapter 8 |
slight speeding up or slowing down
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Twentieth Century
chapter 8 |
includes 21st century, composers pursue a variety of directions to create groundbreaking and revolutionary sounds
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Atonal
chapter 8 |
music without tonal center
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Serialism
chapter 8 |
composers explored atonal music
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Minimalism
chapter 8 |
uses many repetitions of very few phrases or elements
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Aleatoric
chapter 8 |
aka "indeterminate music", further expanded modern definitions of music to include element of chance
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