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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two terms used in reference to the relative harmonic stability of intervals?
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Consonance; Dissonance
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What are consonant intervals?
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stable intervals; usually used as starting and ending points
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How do consonant endings make a work sound?
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finished
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What are dissonant intervals?
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unstable intervals; rarely used as starting and ending points
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What feeling do dissonant beginnings give a piece?
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unsettled; disorganized
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What feeling do dissonant endings give a piece?
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unfinished feeling; leaves listener expecting more
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Who was said to be from antiquity?
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Pythagoras
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Who was said to be of the medieval period (c. 480-24/26)
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Boethius
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What did both say?
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one should use mathematics rather than the ear to determine consonance or dissonance of an interval
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What were considered dissonant?
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thirds, sixths, and seconds
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In the Renaissance, composers began to judge consonance and dissonance by _______ rather than by _______.
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human ear; mathematics
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Who held the view that consonance and dissonance should be judged by the human ear rather than by mathematics?
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Aristoxenus of Antiquity
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Aristoxenus's approach was consistent with what movement?
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humanist movement--emphasis on human insight
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Who was born in 1435 and died in 1511?
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Johannes Tinctoris
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What did he write?
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wrote that the third and the sixth were consonant just because they sounded consonant
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How did Tinctoris refer to the third in response to what?
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referred to the "sweetness" of the third; response to humanism
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What were considered to be "perfect" consonances?
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octave and fifth
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What were also now considered consonant?
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thirds and sixths
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Where/When did Tinctoris discuss the development of the trend of contenance angloise in the music of French composers?
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1477 in his treatise Liber de arte contrapuncti
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______ were still considered to be dissonant, but ______ were now thought dissonant too.
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seconds; fourths
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Due to changing views on ____________, many Renaissance pieces had a strong emphasis on the use of ______ and ______ as consonances.
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consonance and dissonance; thirds and sixths
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Name some French composers.
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Guillaume Du Fay; Gilles Binchois; Johannes Ockeghem; Antoine Busnois; Johannes Regis
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treatise Proportionale musices
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Johannes Tinctoris; 1476; trend said to have begun in England and spread to France and northern Europe
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Who was the main composer of this movement?
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John Dunstable; named so by Tinctoris in his Proportionale musices
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1390-1453
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John Dunstable
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1397-1474
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Guillaume Du Fay
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1400-1460
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Gilles Binchois
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1410-1497
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Johannes Ockeghem
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1430-1492
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Antoine Busnois
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1430-1485
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Johannes Regis
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1435-1511
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Johannes Tinctoris
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Who named the style contenance angloise?
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Martin le Franc; french poet
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What does contenance angloise mean?
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Literally "English guise;" refernce to the fact that the style was English in origin
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What is pervading imitation?
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when voices enter in sequence with very similar or identical melodies and rhythms
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By the ______ century, pervading imitation had become ___________ in Renaissance music
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late fifteenth; regular fixture
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What is an example of pervading imitation?
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opening section of the Kyrie in Josquin des Prez's Missa pange lingua
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Describe the pervading imitation in the aforementioned.
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voices enter in sequence at different pitch levels and sing the same melodic and rhythmic material on the word "Kyrie"
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What is the correct sequence after the opening?
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tenor, bass (bassus), soprano {superius), alto (altus)
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The ______ and ______ are a fifth below the ______ and ______ respectively.
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bassus, altus; superius, tenor;
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What are points of imitation? What do they usually do?
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places where the voices enter separatedly; lend a sense of muical structure to text by starting a piece or by setting off new sections of the text
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