Music Chp 18

Front 1

During the Classical period, although Italy continued to dominate the world of opera, the main centers of musical activity moved north to the following cities except

Back 1

-Berlin.
-Vienna.
-Mannheim.
X Paris.

Front 2

(T/F) Instrumental music finally surpassed vocal music in both quantity and quality during the Classical period.

Back 2

TRUE

Front 3

The overall design of a work is called its

Back 3

form.

Front 4

The three outstanding composers of the Classical period were

Back 4

Mozart, Haydn, and Beethoven.

Front 5

(T/F) The concept of form in music was of serious concern to all of the composers of the Classical period.

Back 5

TRUE

Front 6

Among instrumental forms, the __________ experienced the greatest development and offered composers the widest field for creativity during the mid-1700s.

Back 6

symphony

Front 7

Classical composers changed the orchestra in all of the following ways except

Back 7

X narrowing the Baroque conception of the orchestra.
-standardizing the number of instruments used.
-determining certain proportions of wind instruments to strings.
-eventually dropping the harpsichord from the ensemble.

Front 8

In the middle of the eighteenth century, the German city of __________ developed an outstanding orchestra which attracted attention throughout western Europe

Back 8

Mannheim

Front 9

The Mannheim orchestra achieved all of the following except

Back 9

-soft pianissimos.
-loud fortissimos.
x terraced dynamics.
-gradual dynamics.

Front 10

__________, an early master of the symphonic form, was employed as a court composer by the same noble family for nearly thirty years.

Back 10

Franz Joseph Haydn

Front 11

(T/F) Haydn was a vain man who called himself the "master of all" composers.

Back 11

FALSE

Front 12

The Classical composers expanded the Baroque concept of multimovement compositions by

Back 12

standardizing the number of movements for certain types of works.

Front 13

A __________ is a multimovement work played by an orchestra and originally based on the Italian overture consisting of three movements (fast-slow-fast).

Back 13

symphony

Front 14

(T/F) Classical composers expanded the sections and added a fourth movement to the symphony, organizing each "movement" according to the principles of a chosen instrumental form.

Back 14

TRUE

Front 15

(T/F) After the Baroque period, the concerto grosso declined in importance and was replaced by the Classical concerto for orchestra and one soloist.

Back 15

TRUE

Front 16

A Classical concerto usually has __________ movements.

Back 16

three

Front 17

A Classical concerto usually had at least one passage, called a __________, which was improvised by the soloist alone.

Back 17

cadenza

Front 18

Where does the cadenza usually occur in a concerto?

Back 18

toward the end of a movement

Front 19

(T/F) The orchestra prepares for a cadenza by playing a long decrescendo that ends quietly on the tonic chord.

Back 19

FALSE

Front 20

The end of the improvised solo passage in a concerto is often indicated by a __________, which summons the orchestra to join in bringing the movement to a close

Back 20

trill

Front 21

(T/F) Since the nineteenth century, composers have written cadenzas for their concertos and have even published cadenzas for earlier concertos, including those written by Haydn, Mozart, and their contemporaries.

Back 21

TRUE

Front 22

Music performed by a relatively small number of people in a small room is called _________ music.

Back 22

chamber

Front 23

(T/F)In a chamber music performance, each player must be an accomplished performer since each is responsible for one line of music.

Back 23

TRUE

Front 24

(T/F) The Classical period's appreciation for clarity of thought, purity of sound, and emotional restraint made chamber music one of the favorite means of expression.

Back 24

TRUE

Front 25

Most Classical chamber ensembles consisted of several instruments belonging to

Back 25

the same family.

Front 26

The most popular Classical small ensemble was the

Back 26

string quartet.

Front 27

The Classical string quartet consisted of

Back 27

two violins, viola, and cello

Front 28

In a Classical string quartet, the person playing __________ serves as the leader of the group.

Back 28

first violin

Front 29

A Classical string quartet usually consists of __________ movements.

Back 29

four

Front 30

Another Classical multimovement composition to be "sounded" by one or two instruments is called a

Back 30

sonata.

Front 31

(T/F) In a sonata for two instruments, such as a violin and a piano, each of the instruments is of equal importance.

Back 31

TRUE

Front 32

All of the following were common forms in the Classical period except

Back 32

- sonata-allegro form.
-rondo form.
-minuet and trio.
X toccata-allegro form.

Front 33

(T/F) The Classical sonata-allegro form was generally conceived as a three-part structure.

Back 33

TRUE

Front 34

The three main sections of the Classical sonata-allegro form are the

Back 34

exposition, development, and recapitulation.

Front 35

The most significant difference between the exposition and the recapitulation in sonata-allegro form is that

Back 35

the exposition changes key but the recapitulation does not.

Front 36

An extended closing section in the Classical sonata-allegro form is called the

Back 36

CODA

Front 37

(T/F) Unlike Baroque composers, who typically confined one section of a work to one mood or "affection," Classical composers often considered the two tonal areas of the sonata-allegro exposition an opportunity to present two melodies of a contrasting nature.

Back 37

TRUE

Front 38

(T/F) Classical sonata-allegro form has been nicknamed the "fourth movement form" because it has been used as the fourth movement for so many symphonies, concertos, sonatas, and string quartets.

Back 38

FALSE

Front 39

The third movement of many Classical symphonies, sonatas, and string quartets is a

Back 39

minuet and trio.

Front 40

(T/F) The minuet was a stately dance introduced at the seventeenth-century court of Louis XIV.

Back 40

TRUE

Front 41

(T/F) The Classical rondo form was used for any multimovement work, but often seemed particularly appropriate for the last movement.

Back 41

TRUE

Front 42

One form of a Classical rondo is

Back 42

A B A C A

Front 43

Organization and design of a composition, or of one movement within a composition

Back 43

form

Front 44

Multimovement orchestral form

Back 44

symphony

Front 45

-Also called sonata form or first-movement form
-the 3 sections: exposition, development, and recapitulation form a ternary design

Back 45

sonata-allegro

Front 46

literally, "tail"...a closing section

Back 46

coda

Front 47

extended virtuosic passage for solo instrument

Back 47

cadenza

Front 48

ABACA.
-from in which any number of episodes alternate with the opening material
-the tempo is usally fast, and the mood merry

Back 48

rondo

Front 49

chamber ensemble consisting of two violins, a viola, and a cello
-also, a composition written for this ensemble

Back 49

string quartet

Front 50

ABA
-often the third movement of a symphony, sonata, or string quartet.
-consists of two minuets, the second (trio) lighter and more lyrical than the first

Back 50

minuet and trio