Music Appreciation Test 2: Era Middle Age-Renaissance

Front 1

Romanesque Era

Back 1

1000-1150

Front 2

Gothic Era

Back 2

1150-1450

Front 3

modal or church modes

Back 3

scales used in Gregorian chant

using seven different tones like the major and minor scales but in different series of half and whole steps

Front 4

troubadours or trouveres

Back 4

noblemen with musical inclinations as wells as traveling jongleurs who were the entertainers at the time.

Front 5

Leonin and Perotin

Back 5

first defined meter in their compositions

at Notre Dame in Paris

Front 6

Cantus firmus

Back 6

music based on a Gregorian chant in polyphonic texture

Front 7

Middle Ages

Back 7

450-1450

Front 8

priests and Monks

Back 8

most learned musicians of the time

Front 9

organ

Back 9

instrument used in churches

Front 10

Gregorian chant

Back 10

monophonic sacred songs on latin text

Front 11

Paris

Back 11

center of polyphonic music after 1150

Front 12

Machaut

Back 12

The first known composer of a mass

Front 13

cappella

Back 13

Without instrumental accompaniment or vocal

Front 14

motet

Back 14

A polyphonic composition based on a sacred text and usually sung without accompaniment.

a sacred vocal work usually sung in one part

Front 15

madrigal

Back 15

secular vocal form for as many as six voices

Front 16

Renaissance

Back 16

age of rebirth and exploration

Front 17

humanism

Back 17

intellectual movement of this period

Front 18

polyphonic

Back 18

predominant texture in Renaissance music

Front 19

Italy

Back 19

where the madrigal was born

Front 20

Palestrina

Back 20

an Italian master of sacred music

Front 21

word-painting

Back 21

technique to describe text by musical means

Front 22

ricercar

Back 22

polyphonic instrumental piece

Front 23

Baroque Period

Back 23

1600-1750

Front 24

concerto

Back 24

instrumental piece in which one or more solo instruments are contrasted with the full orchestra

Front 25

concertino

Back 25

group of soloists

Front 26

ripieno or tutti

Back 26

full group

Front 27

ritornello

Back 27

a recurrent musical section that alternates with different episodes of contrasting material

Front 28

Fugue

Back 28

is a contrapuntal compositional technique in two or more voices, built on a subject (theme) that is introduced at the beginning in imitation (repetition at different pitches) and recurs frequently in the course of the composition.

Front 29

Answer

Back 29

the subject is rendered in the dominant key (a key 5
notes above the original tonic).

Front 30

Countersubject

Back 30

a second subject persistently opposing the
original subject in another voice.

Front 31

episode

Back 31

a section in which the subject is either fragmented or
nonexistent, a transitional part

Front 32

stretto

Back 32

the subject is imitated in another voice before it is
completed, like interrupting it

Front 33

pedal point

Back 33

a sustained bass note above which the other
voices provide changing harmonies

Front 34

opera

Back 34

is an art form in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work combining text and musical score, usually in a theatrical setting

Front 35

overture

Back 35

the instrumental introduction to an opera

Front 36

libretto

Back 36

lyrics for an opera

Front 37

pizzicato

Back 37

plucking the strings of a string instrument

Front 38

tremolo

Back 38

rapid shake of the bow

Front 39

Monteverdi

Back 39

music director of St. Mark's cathedral in Venice

Front 40

Orfeo or Orpheus

Back 40

play where Monteverdi used special string effects

Front 41

sonata

Back 41

composition of several movements for one to eight
performers

Front 42

sonare

Back 42

to sound

Front 43

terraced dynamics

Back 43

sudden changes in dynamics

Front 44

harpsichord

Back 44

leading Baroque keyboard

Front 45

concerto grosso

Back 45

orchestral piece with soloists

Front 46

augmentation, diminution, retrograde, inversion

Back 46

various treatments of fugue subject

Front 47

aria

Back 47

song-like section in an opera or oratorio

Front 48

recitative

Back 48

speech-like section in an opera ororatorio

Front 49

Venice

Back 49

Home of St. Mark's and the world's first opera house

Front 50

sonata de camera

Back 50

work for 1-8 instruments with a dance-like character

Front 51

Vivaldi

Back 51

the "red priest"

Front 52

Cantor of St. Thomas in Leipzig 1723-1750

Back 52

Bach's last position

Front 53

suite

Back 53

orchestral piece of a series of dance

Front 54

chorale

Back 54

Lutheran church Hymn

Front 55

oratorio

Back 55

a large-scale piece for
chorus, solo singers and
orchestra with no acting,
scenery

Front 56

Royal Academy of Music

Back 56

Handel's opera company

Front 57

narrator

Back 57

story-teller in an oratorio