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64 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Timbre
Sound Color
Dynamics
The Loudness or Softness of sound
Range
Distance between highest and lowest notes
Register
Area within the range
Harmony
Multiple notes heard simultaneously
Chord
Three or more notes heard simultaneously
Triad
Most common chord in our musical language
Scale or Mode
A hierarchical series of notes;
build a scale following a pattern of intervals
Interval
Distance between any two pitches
Major and Minor
Two most common scales/modes
Tonic
The 1st note of a scale AND the chord built on that first note
*more significant than all other notes
Dominant
5th note of a scale
*2nd most important note
Key
Music that centers around a most significant note (the tonic)
Consonance
Music stability
*Tonic is an example,we can end
Dissonance
Music instability
*requires a resolution
Rhythm
Ordering of music in time
or
patterns of short and long durations
Hierarchy
Organization into levels
Beat
A periodic pulse
Tempo
Speed of the beat
Multiple
Pulses which are slower than the beat
Meter
Grouping of beats into patterns of short and long pulses
Duple
Strong-Weak
Triple
Strong-Weak-Weak
Quadruple
Strong-Weak-Somewhat Strong-Weak
Divisions
Pulses faster than the beat
Simple division
divides into two equal parts
Complex division
divides into three equal parts
Instrumental Families
Strings, Woodwinds, Brass, Percussion, Keyboard
Melody
A coherent series of notes
Shape/Contour
The rise and fall of the melody
Pitch
The highness of lowness of a sound
Interval
The distance between two pitches
Phrase
Unit of a melody which ends in a cadence
*“twinkle twinkle little star” first phrase
Cadence
Musical punctuation
Imitation
The reinstatement of a musical idea in a different voice part
Form
The structure or design of music
Repetition
AA
Contrast
AB
Variation
AA'
*Some elements remain the same and some are changed
Return
ABBA
Reinstatement after contrasting material
Binary
AB
Two part form with only one point of contrast
Ternary
ABA, ABA'
Three part form with two points of contrast
Through-Composed
A
One part form
Middle Ages
(450-1450)
Plainchant
Primary sacred music in the middle ages
Syllabic
Text setting
One note per syllable of text
Melismatic
Text setting
Multiple notes per syllable of text
Mode
Scales in the middle ages
Medieval modes are different than the major/minor (scale)
Organum
Two part chant
Cantus Firmus Technique
Fixed song
Refers to the way it's used in organum
*Music above or below existing plainchant melodies
Notre Dame school
12th & 13th centuries
Organum becomes common
Development of Rhythmic Notation (rhythmic modes)
Rhythmic Modes
Earliest rhythmic notation
Sacred Music
Church
Secular
Anything outside of church
Leonin and Perotin
(12th century)
*First composers
*Associated with the School of Notre Dame
*Wrote organum
Hildegard
First female composer we know by name
Guillame de Machaut
(last part of the middle ages)
Composed the Ars Nova
Mass Ordinary
*Most important service of the catholic church
*Most important sacred music
*Five texts are Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus and Agnus Di
Motet
Other important sacred music
Madrigal
*Most important type of secular music
*Most interested in Word Painting (Timbre)
Imitative Polyphony
The most common type of texture
*Used to tie music together
A Cappella
Voices Only
Palestrina
*Famous for participating in the council of trent
*demonstrated that music belongs in service
Josquin
Famous Composer
*bounced back and forth between secular and sacred