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117 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The text of Ave Maria... virgo serena is:
a) In praise of the Virgin Mary. b) In praise of the English victory at Agincourt. c) In praise of chivalric love. d) In praise of the Archangel Michael. |
a) In praise of the Virgin Mary
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The first era of Western music in which instrumental music was as important was as important as vocal music was in the:
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Baroque Era
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After the fugue subject is stated, the second entrance of the subject is called the:
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Answer
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Beethoven 's career is often divided into ____________ periods.
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Three
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Music written for plays, generally consisting of an overture and a series of pieces to be performed between acts, is called:
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Incidental Music
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Comic opera was generally in the language of the audience, or the vernacular. (True/False)
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True - It's vernacular.
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The whole-tone scaled used by Debussy derives from:
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Non-Western Music
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Most of the surviving music from the early Middle Ages is secular. (True/False)
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False - It's mostly sacred.
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Composers introduced new harmonic styles in the twentieth century, including:
a) Atonality b) Polytonality c) Twleve-tone Music d) All of the above |
d) All of the above
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The comparative study of musics of the world , often focusing on folk music, is called:
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Ethnomusicology
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Baroque music frequently changes mood. (True/False)
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False - Each piece has one emotion, but changes from one piece to another.
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What American composer is known as the king of Ragtime?
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Scott Joplin
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In the sontata-allegro from, the middle section that features the most tension and drama through modulation and motive interplay is called:
a) the exposition b) the development c) the recapitulation d) the coda |
b) the development
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Stravinsky's ballets, such as The Rite of Springs, all archived immediate popularity with their audiences. (True/False)
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False - It did not achieve popularity.
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The favorite subjects for the Romantic poets, and composers, were:
a) Comedy and farce b) Love, longing, and nature c) Homage to the Virgin Mary and other religious subjects. d) Historical events |
b) Love, longing, and nature.
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The term "tempo rubato", associated with Chopin's music, means that the performer should:
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Take liberties with the tempo.
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Don Giovanni is Mozart's only major opera. (True/False)
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False - Mozart wrote many opera's.
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Which of the following is NOT a ballet by Stravinsky?
a) Daphnis and Chloe b) The Firebird c) Petrushka d) The Rite of Spring |
a) Daphnis and Chloe
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Which of the following statments about Charles Ives is INCORRECT?
a) He was born in New England b) He was the head of a large insurance company c) His music was very popular d) He rarely heard his music performed |
c) His music was popular
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The approximate dates of the Baroque period are:
a) 1600-1750 b) 1700-1800 c)1550-1600 d)1800-1900 |
a) 1600-1750
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Which musical devices help to portray the child's terror in Schubert's The Elfking?
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High range and dissonance
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Because of Orff's association with the Nazis, Carmina burana has recieved few performances since its premier. (True/False)
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False - No one knew of Orff's association at the time.
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Secular music is...
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Non-religious
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Scared music is...
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Religious music
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Gregorian Chant (a.k.a "Plainchant" or "Plainsong") is...
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Sacred music that has of a single-line melody. It is monophonic in texture, and lacks harmony and counterpoint.
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Mellismatic is...
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Long groups of notes set to a single syllable of text.
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Neumatic is...
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Five or six notes sung to a syllable of text.
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Syllabic is...
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One note sung to each syllable of text.
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What is Organum?
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Harmonized chant that is the earliest polyphonic music.
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Motet is...
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Writing new texts for the previously text-less upper voices of organum. A four voice harmony with alternating texture.
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What is a Mass?
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The most solemn ritual of the Catholic Church, and the one generally attended by public worshipers. The reenactments of Jesus Christ.
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What is Proper?
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Texts that vary from day to day throughout the church year.
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What is Ordinary?
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Texts that remains the same in every mass.
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Parallel Motion is...
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Two lines moving together in the same motion.
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Contrary Motion is...
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Voices moving opposite of each other.
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Oblique Motion is...
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One static droning on. One voice is static while the other is moving.
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Troubadours/Trobairitz are...
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Musicians who lived in the Southern region of France.
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Trovuerez are...
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Musicians who lived in the Northern region of France.
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Minnisingers are...
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Musicians (or composers) in Germany. Singers of courtly love.
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Ars Nova is...
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"New Art" - Changes of musical style which spanned between the 14th and 15th century primarily in France. This period saw the invention of modern notation and the growth in popularity of the motet. Birth of Organum.
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What are a Chansons?
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Any lyric-driven French song, usually polyphonic and secular.
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Cantus Firmus is...
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Taking chants and using them as underlying structures in songs. A fixed melody; which serves as the basis for ornamentation in other voices.
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What was the Council of Trent?
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The longest committee meeting in history that the Catholic Church organized.
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What is Madrigal?
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Aristocratic form of poetry and music that the Italians courts as a favorite diversion of cultivated amateurs.
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Who was Machaut?
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He was a poet-composer of the French Ars Nova who wrote sacred and secular music. His poetry embraces the ideals of medieval chivalry.
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Who is Arcadelt
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A French composer who wrote secular and sacred music. His musical simple and lyrical and he gives attention to the text.
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Who is John Farmer?
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An English composer who created four voice madrigals. He used clever word paintings in his light-heated works and helped shaped the madrigal into a truly native form.
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Basso Continuo
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A system often employed by two instrumentalist for the accompaniment. The bass line was played by a SUSTAINING LOW-PITCH INSTRUMENT, typically 'cello or bassoon.
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Figured Bass
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A numeral that is written above or below the bass note to indicate what chord is required.
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Doctrine of Affections
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An entire piece or movement that is built on a single affection.
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What is Recitative?
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A musical declamation, vocal style, or speech in Opera when the plot and are generally advanced through.
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Aria is...
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Italian for "Air"; When Recitatives gives way at lyric moments which releases through melody the emotional tension accumulated in the course of the action.
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Da Capo Aria is...
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A ternary form that brings back the first section with embellishments improvised by the soloist.
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Libretto
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The text or script of the opera.
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Ground Bass
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A repeated phrase that descends along the chromatic scale, always symbolic of grief in Baroque music.
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Florentine Camerata
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Was a group of humanists, musicians, poets and intellectuals in late Renaissance Florence.
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Concerto Grosso
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A form of baroque music in which the musical material is passed between a small group of soloists (the concertino) and full orchestra (the ripieno or tutti).
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Fugue
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A contrapuntal composition in which a single theme pervades the entire fabric, entering in one voice (or instrumental line) and then in another.
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Subject
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What constitutes the unifying idea, the focal point of interest in the contrapuntal web.
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Exposition
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when the theme has been presented in each voice once.
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The "answer"...
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When the subject of the fugue is imitated in another voice.
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Episodes
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Interludes that serves as areas of relaxation-until it reaches its home key.
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Augmentation
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A melody that is presented in longer line values, often twice as slow as the original.
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Diminution
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A melody presented on shorter time values that go by faster.
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Retrograde
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Pitches that can be stated backwards.
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Inversion
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Pitches that move by the same intervals but in the opposite direction.
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Stretto
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Overlapping statements of the subject that heighten the tension.
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Absolute Music
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A musical form that has no prescribed story or text to hold the music together.
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Sonata Form (Sonata Allegro Form)
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A structural pattern used by composers first in the 18th century as a means to organize their music.
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What are the six main sections in Sonata Form?
Hint: ETDRC |
Exposition, Theme I, Theme 2, Development, Recapitulation and Coda.
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String Quartet
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Classical chamber music that is made up of two violins, a viola and a cello.
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Symphony
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A long piece of music that is usually in four large, separate sections and that is performed by an orchestra.
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The Classical Concerto
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An orchestral piece built around a solo. Also a way for the virtuoso to show off.
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Sonata
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An instrumental work for one (piano) or two instruments, consisting of three or four contrasting movements. It is not technical and usually not long.
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Classical Opera
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Musical theatre production where singers need a classically trained voice to be heard over the orchestra without benefit of amplification.
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Requiem Mass
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A musical setting of the Mass for the Dead.
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Program Music
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A genre that evokes images and ideas that has literary or pictorial associations.
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Through Composed
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Music that is flowing freely, but follows the story.
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Lied (Lieder)
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German-texted solo vocal song, generally with piano accompaniment.
Example: Longing for Spring - W.A. Mozart |
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Song Cycle
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Groups of LIEDER that were unified by a narrative thread or descriptive theme.
Ex: Elfking - Franz Schubert |
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Program Symphony
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A symphonic poem/tone poem. Is 30 minutes of straight forward music. Not divided into chunks.
Example: Strauss |
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Symphonic Poem
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Program music for orchestra, with contrasting sections to develop a poetic idea, suggest a scene, or create a mood.
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Tone Poem
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Gives the composers the flexibility they need for a single-movement.
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Idee Fixe (Fixed Idea)
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Theme music.
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Nationalsim
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Looking at national music heritage. Taking strong interest in one's own country.
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Exoticism
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Japanese culture and music.
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Bel Canto
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Meaning "beautiful voice". Characterized by florid melodic lines delivered by voices of great agility and purity of tone.
Ex: Rigoletto - Verdi |
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Music Drama
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Genre that attempted to integrate theatre and music and did away with the concept of separate arias, duets, ensembles, and choruses.
**Invented by Wagner.** |
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Leitmotifs
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"Leading motives" that recur throughout a work, undergoing variations and development as do themes and motives of a symphony.
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Gesamtkunstwerk
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Total work of art. The arts of music, poetry, drama, and visual spectacle were fused together.
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Impressionism
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A French movement developed by painters who tried to capture their "first impression" of a subject through varied treatments of light and color.
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Whole-tone Scale
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A scale that is built entirely of whole-tone intervals (without half steps).
Ex: C-D-E-F#-G#-A#-C |
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Pentatonic Scale
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A musical scale or mode with five notes per octave in contrast to a heptatonic (seven note) scale such as the major scale and minor scale
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Parallel Chords
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A sequence of chords consisting of intervals that do not change as the chord moves.
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Expressionism
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The international counterpart to French Impressionism.
Schoenberg and Webern explored new harmonic systems and the extreme registers of instruments. |
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Neoclassical Movement
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Sought to revive balance and objectivity in the arts by returning to formal structures of the past.
Composers began to emulate the great musicians of the early 18th century. |
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Polyrhythm
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The simultaneous use of several rhythmic patterns.
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Atonality
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The absence of a tonal center and of harmonies derived from a diatonic scale corresponding to such a center; lack of tonality.
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Surrealism
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A cultural movement that began in the early 1920s that focused on exploring the world of dreams.
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Dodecaphonic
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The Greek equivalent of twelve-tone. The row is the unifying idea for a composition and the source for all the melodic and harmonic events that take place in it.
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Tone Row
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A particular arrangement of the twelve chromatic tones.
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Transposed Row
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Keeps the same pattern of intervals but begins on a different pitch.
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Retrograde
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An arrangement of the pitches in reverse order, so that the row comes out backward.
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Inversion
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The movement of the notes is in the opposite direction, up instead of down and vice versa, so that the row appears upside down.
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Second Viennese School
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The group of composers that comprised Arnold Schoenberg and his pupils and close associates in early 20th century Vienna, where he lived and taught, sporadically, between 1903 and 1925.
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Sprechstimme
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German for "Spoken voice". A New style in which the vocal melody is spoken rather than sung on exact pitches and in strict rhythm.
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Klangfarbenmelodie
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Tone-color melody. Each note of a melody is played by a different instrument, creating a shifting effect.
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Ethnomusicology
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The comparative study of musics of the world, focusing on cultural context of performance.
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Jazz
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Refers to music mainly created by African American around the turn of the twentieth century as they blended elements drawn from African musics with the popular and art traditions of the west.
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Ragtime
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African American piano style that gained popularity in instrumental ensemble arrangements by Scott Joplin.
Syncopated rhythms and sectional forms. |
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Blues
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American folk music based on a repetitive, poetic-musical form with three-line strophes set to a repeating harmonic pattern.
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Swing/Big Band
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A large group of musicians playing jazz or dance music.
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Bebop
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A type of jazz that is characterized by complex harmony and rhythms. Name mimics the two-note trademark phrase of this style.
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Musical
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A play or movie in which singing and dancing play an essential part.
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Underscoring
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Background music that doesn't exist in the characters world.
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Source Music
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The source where the music is coming from. The character is aware of it.
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Rock & Roll
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Emerged in the 1950's. Characterized by heavy beat and simple melodies.
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