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125 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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fiddle |
- another name for a violin - used in scottish folk music |
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Clarsach |
a small scottish harp |
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bodhran |
a hand held drum used in folk music |
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name three types of scottisg bands/groups |
- scottish dance bands - pipe band (bagpipes and drums) - folk group (vocals, guitar, fiddle, bodhran etc) |
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celtic rock |
- mixes rock and celtic music together - instruments used include; fiddle, electric guitar, bass guitar and drum kit |
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simple time |
- groups of 2 or 4 |
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compoud time |
- groups of three ( strawberry or jig-i-dy ) |
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reel |
- fast and lively - 4 beats in a bar - simple time - really really fast |
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jig |
- fast and lively - usually 6/8 time signature - Compound time - Jig-i-dy Jig-i-dy |
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waltz |
- slow to moderate tempo - 3 beats in a bar - Simple time - 3altz (w on its side) |
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march |
- marching tempo - 2 or 4 beats in bar - simple time - snare drums |
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scotch snap |
- a rythmic feature of scottish music - a short note followed by a long note - jumpy dotted rythm - a strong feature of strathspey |
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sctrathspey |
- moderate tempo - 4 beats in a bar - simple time - scotch snap - 'jumpy' dotted rythm |
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waulking song |
- question and answer - 'distinctive banging sound' - usually sung by women - sung in gaelic - A cappella |
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bothy ballad |
- song about work - usually a male solo - usually strophic (each vers has the same tune/melody) |
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mouth music |
- Gaelic nonsense words sung to imitate bagpipes - sung a cappella - used in 1745 rebellion when bagpipes were banned |
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gaelic psalm |
- sung in a call and response - a cappella - can sound as though its wrong! |
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Scots ballad |
- tells a story - sometimes accompanied by a clarsach or guitar - can be performed by a folk group |
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drone |
- a continuous sound whu h accompanies the melody in bagpipe music |
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chanter |
- the part of the bagpipe that plays the melody |
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pibroch |
a style of solo bagpipe music that is technixally very difficult to play |
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what are ornaments used for |
they are used to decorate a melody |
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grace note |
a quick note before the main melody note |
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trill |
- alternating rapidly between two notes |
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pentatonic scale |
- a 5 note scale used in scottish music - many scottish tunes are made using this scale (auld langs syne, skye boat song...) |
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vamp |
- a style of piano accompaniment - the left handplays the bass note and rught hand plays the chords. - sounds like: Boom-ching! |
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reggae |
- strong beats are 2nd and 4th - characteristically 'chilled out' and relaxed in style |
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steel bands |
- originated in west indies in the caribbean - instruments are made of oli drums and are called steel pans/drums |
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african music |
- strong vocal music, often in harmony - percussion instrument creating a strong rythm - syncopation |
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syncopation |
string accented notes playing off or against the beat |
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african vocal music |
- vocal music from africa is often unaccompanied (a cappella) and in harmony |
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alot of african music has... |
very distinctive percussion |
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bongo drums |
- fairly high pitched drums - joined in pairs - usually played with fingers or palms |
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indian music |
- music from india often features sitar and tabla |
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sitar |
long- necked, plucked, stringed instrument |
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tabla |
- pair of small hand drums - played using pressure from the heel of the hand to vary the pitch |
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indian vocal music |
- very distinctive and challenging - singers often improvise melody lines and flutter between many notes |
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south american music |
panpipes are commonly associated with traditional music from Peru |
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panpipes |
- a row if pipes from large to small - played by blowing acriss the top like a bottle |
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latin american music's mey features include... |
- a variety of percussion instruments - syncopated dance rythms |
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latin american lercussion instruments include... |
- maracas - claves - guiro |
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examples of latin dances... |
- cha cha cha - salsa - samba |
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spanish music |
- has influenced many other genres, including celtuc music and irish dancing |
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spanish istruments |
- castanets |
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flamenco |
- a style of spirited rythmical dancing. - performed to flamenco music - often with guitar and castanets |
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key signatures |
- 4/4 - 3/4 - 6/8 |
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woodwind |
piccolo flute recorder clarinet sax oboe bassoon |
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brass |
trumpet trombone french horn tuba |
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TUNED percussion |
glock xylophone timpani |
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UNTUNED percussion |
drum kit cymbals triangle tambourine guiro castanets bongo |
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arco |
use the bow |
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pizzicato |
pluck strings |
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flitter tonguing |
woodwond - making 'r' souns |
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con sordino |
brass player puts a MUTE into the bell of the insrument |
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glissando |
glide from 1 note to another |
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striking |
hitting instrument |
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blowing |
blowing through mouthpiece |
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rolls |
a very fast repetition of a note |
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harpsichord |
sounds like a string instrument |
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organ |
used in churcges |
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strymming |
finger,fingers, plextrum drawn across strings |
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plucking |
pluck strings |
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pitch bend |
xhanging pitch of a note (e.g lushing string upward |
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ostinato/riff |
repeated |
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reverb |
causes sound to linger/echo |
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distortion |
sound buzzy or too loud |
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solo |
1 instro or voice |
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accompanied |
other instro/voice supports main melody |
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unacompanied |
no instros playing in background |
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orchestra |
arge group of musicians string, woodwind, percussion, brass |
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brass band |
brass and percussion |
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wind band |
woodwind, brass, percussion |
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scottish dance band |
plays scottish music fiddle, voice,guitar,piano,bass etc |
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folk group |
transition styles |
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symphony |
large piece for whole orchestra |
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concerto |
orchestra and soloist |
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ragtime |
early jazz |
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blues |
instrumental + vocal. improv common. guitar bass piano drums trumpet etc |
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swing |
jazz style performed by big band; piano, bass, drums, trumpet trombone etc |
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jazz |
varying tempos mostly instrumental improv common guitar,bass, paino, drums, voice, sax etc |
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scat singing |
improved jazz singing nonsense |
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walking bass |
repeatedly steadily over a patter on a bass instrument. sounds like walking |
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rock n roll |
fun and lively music you dance to electric guitar, bass, keyboard, drums |
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rock |
popular music with heavy, driving beat. |
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pop |
dont play live instruments and rely on a background; guitar, voice,drums, keyboard |
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musical |
play wich has speaking, winging and dancing 'modern sound' |
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opera |
a drama set to music with soloists chorus actong and orchestral occumpaniment |
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aria |
solo song from opera |
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chorus |
a group of singers ina musical/opera singing together |
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verse/chorus |
a structure/form popular in many songs |
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middle eight |
a contrastong section |
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soprano |
highest |
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alto |
lowest female |
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mezzo soprano |
middle female |
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tenor |
high male |
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baritone |
middle male |
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bass |
low male |
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unison |
singing together |
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harmony |
two or more notes sounding at the same time |
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counter melody |
another melody against the main melod5 |
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descant |
sung above main melody |
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round |
each part sings the same part at same but at different times |
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strophic |
ame melody for each verse |
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baroque era orchestra |
small mainly string instruments, few woodwind, very few brass rarely any percussion. Harpsichord usually played by conductor |
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ground bass |
repeated many times |
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canon |
strict imitation. one part plays and then another plays the exact same melody starting at a different type |
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homophonic |
all parts move at the same time. |
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polyphonic/contropuntal |
two or more parts moving independantly |
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classical era orchestra |
PIANO INVENTED percussion sections established. stadard orchestra of today begins developing. |
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cadenza |
a showy piece often ends in a trill |
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coda |
a passage of music at the end of the piece that rounds it off nicely. |
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theme/variation |
used to describe the musics structure, a theme is a melody which is repeated throughout but altered in some way. [adding extra ntes, change time signature etc] |
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alberti bass |
bass line which takes tge chord and makes it into a broken chord. low - high - middle - high |
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step |
going to adjacent note ( abcd) |
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leap |
jump between pitches |
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romatic era |
known for its passionate and intense experience |
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virtuoso |
person with extreme musical talents |
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romantic orchestras |
size increase. brass section developed 9valves invented. range in dynamics, large variety of works |
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20th century orchestra |
large expanded percussion, lots and lots f woodwin and brass. harps and keyboard instruments added! free and experimental pieces |
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minimalism |
composition where the use of harmony, melody and instrumentation is limited. Often very repetitive |
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impressionism |
- often dreamy in quality ad thinner in texture. Often based on whole note scale. |
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whole note scale |
entirely of intervals of a tone, no semitones. Very open and dreamy sound |
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dissonance |
sharp, unnevring, unsettling sounds. |
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consonance |
pleasen, agreable, soothing. Notes sound comfortable to hear |
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atonal |
music isnt in any key, ignores usualy construct. NOT USED BEFORE 20th CENTURY |
