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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is impressionism?
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-Effects of light, color, and atmosphere
-Liked water -A "suggestion" |
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Who was Claude Debussy?
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-Primary impressionist composer
-French -Musical rebel (shocked teachers) |
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What were 3 themes Debussy used?
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1.Tone color=instrumental combinations
2.Fluidity 3.Atmosphere=pushes envelope, penatonic scales |
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What was a composition by Debussy?
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Prelude to the Afternoon of a Fawn=impressionist, sexual predators dream
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What is expressionism?
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Reaction to Impressionism, intense emotion (negative), explored inner feelings, madness/death
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Who was Schoenberg?
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German, self-taught, moved to US, not successful until death, used large orchestras
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What is a tonal music?
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Absence of key, one note not the most important
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What was a piece by Schoenberg?
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Pierrot Lunaire=atonal, song cycle for female and 8 instruments, based off poems about Pierrot the puppet (tragic), "The Moonfleck", sprechstimme
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What is sprechstimme?
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Half speaking half singing, German
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What is the twelve tone system?
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Tone row (12 notes @beginning), can't repeat a note
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Who was Charles Ives?
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Brass band, American, organist, used musical quotation (snipits of preexisting music)
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What did Ives compose?
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Country Band March= uses snip its of Yankee Doodle and other familiar songs
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Who was William Grant Stin?
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African American composer, taught himself how to play instruments
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What did Grant Stin compose?
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Suite for Violin and Piano, mvt.3= sounds like a blues song
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Who was Aaron Copland?
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One of America's best composers, very American
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What did Copland compose?
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Appalachian Spring excerpts= ballet, hymn from shakers (odd religion)
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What were the trends of WW2 and beyond music?
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1. 12-Tone system
2.Serialism 3.Chance musics 4.Minimalism 5.Tonal Music 6.Musical quotation 7.Electronic music 8.Mixed media 9.Prepared piano |
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What was music of WW2 and beyond like?
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New stuff and brining back old
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What was the 12-tone system like?
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Chaotic but well thought out
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What was serialism?
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Same techniques as 12-tone, but applied to rhythm, tone color, dynamics, lots of organization (controlled)
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What was chance (aleatonic) music?
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Chooses pitches, rhythms by chance, very random
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Who was John Cage
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Defended chance music
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What is minimalism?
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Steady pulse, clear tonality, insistent rhythm
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What is musical quotation?
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Using old melodies/songs, similarities
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What is electronic music?
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-Important development
-1st used tapes then synthesizers |
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What are two types of electronic music?
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1.-Musique concrete=French, sounds made by natural source recorded
2.Electronishe musik=German, used an ocelator that produces music (keyboard) |
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What is mixed media?
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Recorded stuff along with live performances
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What is prepared piano?
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Created by Cage, composer writes piece for an altered piano
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What was George Crumb?
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Still alive, American, musical parents
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What was a piece by Crumb?
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Cabllito negro=madrigal about death, in Spanish
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What were characteristics of 20th century and beyond music?
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-Less refinement
-More fold songs/popular music/jazz -Reaction to 19th century |
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What was Rite of Spring?
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-Caused a classical music riot
-Ballet, about dawn of time, primitive, virgin sacrificed, shocked ppl -Preformed by Ballet Russe |
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What was neoromanticism?
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-Return to Romanticism but with some added dissonance
-Pleasant harmonies sometimes |
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Who was Jennifer Higdon?
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Still alive, parents were artists, taught herself flute in high school, continued in college, started composing
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What was a piece by Higdon?
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Blue Cathedral= tone poem, commissioned, part of her grief journey (brother), starts off with bells, then flute and orchestra
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Who was John Corigliano?
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Still alive, from NYC, musical family, degree from Columbia, got an academy award
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What is a piece by Corigliano?
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Mr. Tambourine Man=song cycle, 7 songs based on poetry of Bob Dylan, dissonant, female singer
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