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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is frequency?
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Cycles per second; pitch
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What is amplitude?
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Decibels; dynamics
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What are partials?
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Fractional vibrations
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What is duration?
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minutes, seconds, etc.; rhythm
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What are overtones?
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tone color
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What is the human range of hearing?
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20-20k cycles per second
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What's definite pitch as compared to indefinite pitch?
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Definite = high or low; indefinite = percussive sound
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How do you denote sudden musical changes in dynamics?
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Subito - piano or forte
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What is timbre?
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Tone color, overtones
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What is rhythm?
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The relationship between sounds in time
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What is a meter?
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A regular recurring pattern of accented and unaccented beats
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Meters can be (4 types)
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Simple, compound, irregular, nonmetrical (no meter)
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Duples and triples are examples of _____ meters.
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Simple
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What is a compound meter?
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Two or more beats per measure; Row row row your boat
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What's the difference between rythm and meter?
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Meter = Background; Rhythm = Foreground
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Adagio
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Slow
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Andante
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Slow, but not too slow
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Moderato
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Moderate
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Allegro
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Fast
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Presto
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Very Fast
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Piu lento
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Slower
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Piu allegro
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Faster
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Fermata
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Hold of indefinite length
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A tempo
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at the main tempo
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Define scale
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A series of definite pitches
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What is a diatonic scale?
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Contains seven pitches, 5 whole steps, 2 half steps
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What is a chromatic scale?
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Contains 12 pitches, entirely half steps, requires sharps or flats
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Notation
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A way of writing down music
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Note values
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whole notes, half notes, etc.
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What are beams?
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Note stems
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Define legato; staccato
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Legato - slurs connect different pitches, smoothly
Staccato - dots above/below notes, detached |
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Form of Tunes
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Clear beginning, building up in the middle, distinct high point (climax), winding down to the end
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Weak cadence
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points of relaxation to breathe or pause; creates need to go on
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Strong cadence
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Full stops, create sense of finality, end sections of pieces
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What is motive?
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The distictive fragment of a melody or distinctive rythm
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What is theme?
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The basic subject matter for a piece of music, usually a melody. Can be a phrase, motive, tune, or tone color
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Define legato; staccato
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Legato - slurs connect different pitches, smoothly
Staccato - dots above/below notes, detached |
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What is texture?
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The relationship between a melody and all other lines and figures that co-exist with it.
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Form of Tunes
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Clear beginning, building up in the middle, distinct high point (climax), winding down to the end
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What is Monophonic Texture?
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One line of melody
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Weak cadence
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points of relaxation to breathe or pause; creates need to go on
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What is Heterophonic Texture?
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One line of melody, with some instruments adding more ornaments or elaborate figures
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Strong cadence
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Full stops, create sense of finality, end sections of pieces
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What is Homophonic Texture?
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Two or more lines of melody, one is more interesting
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What is motive?
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The distictive fragment of a melody or distinctive rythm
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What is theme?
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The basic subject matter for a piece of music, usually a melody. Can be a phrase, motive, tune, or tone color
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What is texture?
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The relationship between a melody and all other lines and figures that co-exist with it.
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What is Monophonic Texture?
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One line of melody
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What is Heterophonic Texture?
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One line of melody, with some instruments adding more ornaments or elaborate figures
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What is Homophonic Texture?
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Two or more lines of melody, one is more interesting
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What is melody and accompaniment / chordal texture as referring to homophonic texture?
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Melody and accompaniment - different rythms
Chordal - Similar rhythms |
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What is polyphonic texture?
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Two or more melodies all equally interesting
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What is imitative/non-imitative texture as polyphonic texture?
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Imitative - Similar melodies (round); non-imitative - different melodies (descant)
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What is tonality?
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The musical center of gravity, "home" pitch (tonic)
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Define atonal
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The absence of tonality - creates a wandering, unsettled quality
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Moving away from tonic creates ____.
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Tension; when rising in pitch
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What is modulation?
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Changing to a different key; creating a new tonal character
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