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46 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
atonic
denervated muscle that atrophies
atrophy
shrinkage-like decrease in the size of a muscle
bursa
fluid-filled sac found in connective tissue, usually in the area of joints
callus
cartilaginous/fibrous tissue at fracture site
cancellous bone
lattice-like bone structure
cartilage
tough, elastic, avascular tissue at ends of bone
clonus
rhythmic contraction of muscle
contracture
abnormal shortening of muscleor joint, or both
cortical bone
compact bone
crepitus
grating or crackling sound heard when broken bones rub together
diaphysis
shaft of long bone
effusion
excess fluid in joint
endosteum
a thin, vascular membrane covering the marrow cavity of long bones and the spaces in cancellous bone
epiphysis
end of long bone
fascia
fibrous tissue that covers, supports, and separates muscles
fasciculation
involuntary twitch of muscle fibers
flaccid
limp; w/out muscle tone
hypertrophy
increase in size of muscle
isometric contraction
muscle tension increased, length unchanged, no joint movement
isotonic contraction
muscle tension unchanged, muscle shortened, joint moved
joint
area where bone ends meet
joint capsule
fibrous tissue that encloses bone ends and other joint surfaces
kyphosis
increase in the convex curvature of the spine
lordosis
increase in lumbar curvature of the spine
ossification
mineral (calcium) deposits in bone matrix
osteoarthritis
degenerative joint disease characterized by destruction of the articular cartilage & overgrowth of bone
osteroblast
bone-forming cell
osteoclast
bone resorption cell
osteocyte
mature bone cell
osteogenesis
bone formation
osteoid
"pre-bone"
osteon
microscopic functional bone unit
osteoporosis
significant loss of bone mass & strength with increased risk of fracture
paralysis
absence of muscle movement suggesting nerve damage
paresthesia
abnormal sensation (burning, tingling, numbness)
periosteum
fibrous connective tissue covering bone
scoliosis
lateral curving of the spine
synovium
membrane in joint that secretes lubricating fluid
bursitis
inflammation of a fluid-filled sac in a joint
involucrum
new bone growth around a sequestrum
sciatica
sciatic nerve pain
sequestrum
dead bone in abscess cavity
tendinitis
inflammation of muscle tendons
fracture
break in bone
sprain
an injury to ligaments or other soft tissue at a joint
strain
a musculotendinous injury