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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
bone marrow
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soft connective tissue within the medullary cavities of bones
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articulation
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a joint; the point where two bones come together
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ligament
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a flexible band of fibrous tissue that connects bone to bone
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synovial membrane
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membrane lining the capsule of a joint
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synovial fluid
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lubricating fluid secreted by the synovial membrane
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striated muscle
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voluntary striated muscle attached to the skeleton
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smooth muscle
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involuntary muscle found in internal organs
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cardiac muscle
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muscle of the heart
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tendon
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a band of fibrous tissue that connects muscle to bone
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anterior
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front of the body
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posterior
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back of the body
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superior
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situated above another structure, toward the head
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inferior
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situated below another structure, away from the head
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proximal
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toward the beginning or origin of a structure
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distal
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away from the beginning or origin of a structure
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medial
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toward the middle
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lateral
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toward the side
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decubitus
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lying down, especially in bed
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recumbent
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lying down
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supine
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horizontal recumbent; lying flat on the back
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arthralgia
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joint pain
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atrophy
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shrinking of tissue such as muscle
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flaccid
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flabby, relaxed, or having defective or absent muscle tone
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hypertrophy
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increase in the size of tissue such as muscle
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hypotonia
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reduced muscle tone or tension
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myalgia
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muscle pain
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ostealgia
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bone pain
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rigor
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stiffness; stiff muscle
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spasm
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drawing in; involuntary contraction of muscle
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spastic
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uncontrolled contractions of skeletal muscles causing stiff and awkward movements
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tetany
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tension; prolonged, continuous muscle contraction
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tremor
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shaking; rhythmic muscular movement
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ankylosis
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stiff joint condition
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osteoarthritis
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most common form of arthritis that especially affects weight-bearing joints; characterized by the erosion of articular cartilage
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gouty arthritis
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acute attacks of arthritis usually in a single joint caused by hyperuricemia (excessive level of uric acid in the blood)
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bony necrosis
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dead bone tissue from loss of blood supply such as can occur after a fracture
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bunion
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swelling of the joint at the base of the great toe caused by inflammation of the bursa
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bursitis
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inflammation of a bursa
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carpal tunnel syndrome
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condition that results from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel at the wrist, characterized by pain, numbness, and tingling in the wrist and fingers and weak grip; commonly seen as a result of cumulative trauma of surrounding tendons
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fracture
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a broken or cracked bone
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herniated disk
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protrusion of a degenerated or fragmented intervertebral disk so that the nucleus pulposus protrudes, causing compression on the nerve root
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myeloma
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bone marrow tumor
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myositis
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inflammation of a muscle
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myoma
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muscle tumor
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muscular dystrophy
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a category of genetically transmitted diseases characterized by progressive atrophy of skeletal muscles
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osteosarcoma
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type of malignant bone tumor
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osteomalacia
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disease marked by softening of the bone caused by calcium and vitamin D deficiency
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osteomyelitis
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infection of bone and bone marrow causing inflammation
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osteoporosis
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condition of decreased bone density and increased porosity, causing bones to become brittle and liable to fracture
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kyphosis
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abnormal posterior curvature of the thoracic spine
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scoliosis
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abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
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sprain
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injury to a ligament caused by joint trauma but without joint dislocation or fracture
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subluxation
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a partial dislocation
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tendonitis
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inflammation of a tendon
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analgesic
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a drug that relieves pain
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antipyretic
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a drug that relieves fever
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