Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Interosseous membrane |
Interosseous membrane • Attaches to the interosseous borders of the tibia and fibula • Allows increased surface area for muscles to attach via • Proximal and distal openings; creating a channel for vessels (arteries,veins, nerves) to pass through • Reinforced by the anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments |
|
|
|
Anterior compartment |
Anterior compartment • Comprises of four muscles (medial → lateral)
1. Tibialis anterior 2. Extensor hallucis longus 3. Extensor digitorum longus 4. Fibularis tertius
• All muscles are supplied by the deep fibular nerve |
4 |
|
|
Tibialis anterior Origin Pathway Insertion Action Innervation |
Tibialis anterior
Origin Upper 2/3, lateral aspect of the tibia and adjacent interosseous membrane
Pathway Moving distally, the tendon forms in the lower 1/3 of the tibia Insertion Medial/inferior surface of the medial cuneiform and adjacent surface of the base of the first metatarsal
Action • Dorsiflexion of the foot • Inversion of the foot • Support of the medial longitudinal arch Innervation
Deep fibular nerve (L4, L5) Blood supply Anterior tibial artery.
|
|
|
|
Extensor hallucis longus (EHL) Origin Pathway Insertion Action Innervation |
Extensor hallucis longus (EHL)
Origin Medial surface of the fibula (middle half) and adjacent interosseous membrane (overlapped by tibialis anterior)
Pathway Moving distally, the tendon forms in the lower halfof the leg (between tibialis anterior and EDL) running over the dorsal aspect of the ankle
Insertion Dorsal aspect of the base of the distal 1st phalanx
Action
• Extension of the hallux • Dorsiflexion of the foot
• Deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)
Blood supply Anterior tibial artery. |
|
|
|
Extensor digitorum longus (EDL) Origin Pathway Insertion Action Innervation
|
Extensor digitorum longus (EDL) Origin Upper 1/2, medial surface of the fibula and lateral tibial condyle
Pathway Moving distally, tendon forms lateral to EHLrunning over the dorsal aspect of the foot Insertion Dorsal aspect of the bases of the middle/distal phalanges of the lateral 4 digits Action • Extension of the lateral 4 digits • Dorsiflexion of the ankle Innervation
• Deep fibular nerve (L5, S1) blood supply Anterior tibial artery |
|
|
|
Fibulas tertius Origin Pathway Insertion Action Innervation |
Fibulas tertius Origin
Distal, medial aspect of the fibula
Pathway Moving distally, tendon runs over the dorsal aspect of the foot (lateral to EDL) Insertion Dorsal/medial aspect of the styloidprocess Action • Dorsiflexion of the foot • Eversion of the foot
Innervation • Deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)
|
|
|
|
Lateral compartment |
Lateral compartment • Comprises of two (2) muscles: Fibulas longus Fibularis brevis (lies deep) Innervation
• Both muscles are supplied by the superficial fibular nerve |
|
|
|
Fibulas longus Origin Pathway Insertion Action 3 Innervation
|
Fibulas longus Origin Upper 1/3, lateral aspect of the fibula and anterior aspect of the head of fibula
Pathway Runs down the lateral aspect of the leg, posterior to the lateral malleolus, below the fibular trochlea, under the groove of the cuboid along the plantar aspect of the foot Insertion Plantar/lateral aspect of the medial cuneiform (distally) and base of the 1st metatarsal Action • Eversion of the foot • Plantarflexion of the foot • Support of lateral and transverse arches
Innervation • Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1, S2)
fibular artery |
|
|
|
Fibulas brevis Origin Pathway Insertion Action Innervation
|
Fibulas brevis Origin Lower 2/3, lateral aspect of the fibula shaft
Pathway Runs down the lateral aspect of the leg, posterior to the lateral malleolus, passes above the fibular trochlea
Insertion Lateral aspect of styloid process
Action • Eversion of the foot
Innervation • Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1, S2) fibular artery |
|
|
|
Superficial group of the Posterior compartment of the leg
|
Superficial group • Comprises of three (3) muscles: Gastrocnemius Planters Soleus
• All share a common insertion into the posterior surface of the calcaneus, via the calcanea (Achilles) tendon • All muscles are supplied by the tibial nerve |
|
|
|
Gastrocnemius Origin Pathway Insertion Action Innervation
|
Gastrocnemius
Origin • Medial head: posterior surface of the medial femoral condyle • Lateral head: upper posterior/lateral surface of the lateral femoral condyle
Pathway • In the upper leg, the heads combine to form a single muscle • Moving distally, the muscle combines with soleus to form the Achilles tendon
Insertion • Posterior surface of the calcaneus (via Achilles tendon) Action • Plantarflexion of the foot • Flexion of the knee
Innervation • Tibial nerve (S1, S2)
|
|
|
|
Soles Origin Pathway Insertion Action Innervation |
Soles
Origin -Solar line and medial border of the tibia -Posterior aspect of head of fibula, neck and proximal shaft -Fibrous arch over popliteal vessels
Pathway Moving distally, the muscle combines with gastorcnemius to form the Achilles tendon
Insertion Posterior surface of the calcaneus (via Achilles tendon)
Action • Plantarflexion of the foot • Role in stabilising the lower leg • Prevents the tibia from advancing anteriorly
Innervation • Tibial nerve (S1, S2)
|
|
|
|
Planters Origin Pathway Insertion Action Innervation
|
Planters Origin
• Inferior aspect of the lateral supracondylar line of femur • Oblique popliteal ligament (knee) Pathway • The muscle moves medially, between the lateral head of gastrocnemius (deep) and soleus (superficial) inserting into the medial aspect of the Achilles tendon Insertion Posterior surface of the calcaneus (via Achilles tendon) Action • Plantarflexion of the foot • Flexion of the knee
Innervation • Tibial nerve (S1, S2) |
|
|
|
Deep group Posterior compartment of the leg
|
Deep group
• Comprises of four (4) muscles: Popliteus* Flexor hallucis longus Flexor digitorum longus Tibialis posterior
• All muscles are supplied by the tibial nerve
|
4 |
|
|
Popliteus Origin Pathway Insertion Action Innervation |
Popliteus Origin Lateral femoral condyle
Pathway Runs obliquely over the posterior aspect of the knee
Insertion Posterior aspect of tibia (above the sole line)
Action • When the foot is in contact with the ground (tibia fixed), popliteus will laterally rotate the femur When foot is off the ground (femur fixed), popliteus will medially rotate the tibia ‘Un-locking’ of the knee joint to assist with knee flexion
Innervation Tibial nerve (L4, L5, S1)
|
|
|
|
Flexor hallucis longus (FHL) Origin Pathway Insertion Action Innervation
|
Flexor hallucis longus (FHL) Origin • Lower 2/3, posterior aspect of fibula and adjacent interosseous membrane
Pathway Moving distally, it overlaps tibialis posterior,entering the foot posterior to the talus, running under the STT then between the sesamoid bones
Insertion Plantar surface of the distal first phalanx Action • Flexion of the hallux • Weak plantar flexion of the foot Innervation • Tibial nerve (S2, S3)
|
What dose run under And between |
|
|
Flexor digitorum longus (FDL) Origin Pathway Insertion Action Innervation
|
Flexor digitorum longus (FDL) Origin
Medial/posterior aspect of the tibia (below the sole line)
Pathway
Runs posterior to the medial malleolus,divides into four tendons on plantar surfaceof the foot
Insertion
Plantar surfaces of the bases of the distal phalanges (2-5) Action
• Flexion of the lateral four digits • Weak plantar flexion of the foot Innervation • Tibial nerve (S2, S3)
|
|
|
|
Tibialis posterior Origin Pathway Insertion Action Innervation
|
Tibialis posterior
Origin Upper 2/3, posterior aspect of interosseous membrane and adjacent surfaces of tibia andfibula
Pathway Runs deep to FDL, FHL, tendon crossing under FDL as it passes posterior to the medial malleolus Insertion -Tuberosity of the navicular, medial cuneiforms -May have attachments to other tarsal bonesand lateral 4 metatarsals Action • Inversion of the foot • Plantarflexion of the foot • Support of the medial longitudinal arch
Innervation • Tibial nerve (L4, L5)
|
|
|
|
Tom, Dick and very very nervous Harry |
T: tibialis posterior D: flexor digitorum longus A: posterior tibial artery V: posterior tibial vein N: tibial nerve H: flexor hallucis longus |
|
|
|
Flexor retinaculum |
Flexor retinaculum -Medial malleolus → medial aspect of the calneus
-Role is to prevent the tendons of the deep leg muscles from bowstringing as they round the medial malleolus
*Contents include tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, posteriortibial artery, posterior tibial vein, tibial nerve, flexor hallucis longus
|
|
|
|
Extensor retinacula |
Extensor retinacula 1. Superior extensor retinaculum • Anterior border of tibia → anterior border of fibula 2. Inferior retinaculum (Y-shaped) • Lateral aspect of calcaneus → medial malleolus, medial plantar fascia -Role is to prevent the tendons of the anterior leg muscles frombowstringing during ankle dorsiflexion and extension of the digits
-Contents include tibialis anterior, anterior tibial/dorsalis pedis artery,deep fibular nerve, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorumlongus, fibularis tertius |
|
|
|
Fibular retinacula |
Fibular retinacula 1. Superior fibular retinaculum • Lateral malleolus → adjacent surface of calcaneus 2. Inferior fibular retinaculum • Lateral surface of calcaneus (over the fibular trochlea) • Role is to fix fibularis longus and fibularis brevis to the lateral aspectof the foot • |
|
