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45 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

What are the muscles of facial expression?

1. Epicranius


2. Orbicularis Oculi


3. Orbicularis Oris


4. Zygomaticus Major


5. Depressor Anguli Oris


6. Buccinator


7. Platysma

What are the two muscles of the epicranius?

1. Frontalis


2. Occipitalis

What else is the epicranius made of?

an aponeurosis (galea aponeurotica)

What is the function of the frontalis?

elevates eyebrows and wrinkles forehead

What is the function of the occipitalis?

draws scalp backward

What is the orbicularis oculi?

closes eye (wink)

What is the function of the orbicularis oris?

closes and puckers lips (kiss)

What is the function of the zygomaticus major?

elevates corner of mouth (smile)

What is the function of the depressor anguli oris?

depresses corner of mouth (frown)

What is the function of the buccinator?

pulls cheeks against teeth when chewing

What is the function of the platysma?

tenses skin of neck, and depresses lower lip

What are the muscles of mastication? (chewing)

A. Masseter


B. Temporalis


C. Medial and laterl Pterygoids

What is the function of the masseter?

elevates mandible

What is the function of the temporalis?

elevates and retracts mandible

What is the function of the medial and lateral pterygoids?

elevates mandible and moves mandible side to side

What are the muscles of the tongue?


(gloss=tongue)

1. Genioglossus


2. Styloglossus


3. Hyoglossus

What is the function of the genioglossus?

protracts (protrudes) and depresses tongue

What is the function of the styloglossus?

retracts and elevates tongue

What is the function of the hyloglossus?

depresses sides of tongue

What are the lateral neck muscle?

sternocleidomastoid

What is the function of the sternocleidomastoid?

each rotates head to one side; together - they flex the neck/head


-right side rotates head to the left


-left side rotates head to the right


-flexing both sides and pulling your head down is neck flexion

What is the posterior neck muscle?

splenius capitus


(splenius=bandage)

What is the function of the splenius capitus?

each rotates head to one side, together; extend the neck/head


-left side rotates your head to the left


-right side rotates your head to the right


-these muscles bring your neck up from being flexed into being erect


What are the suprahyoid muscles of the anterior neck? (above the hyoid)

1. Digastric


2. Stylohyoid


3. Mylohyoid


4. Geniohyoid

What is the function of the digastric?

elevates hyoid and depresses mandible (open mouth)

What is the function of the stylohyoid?

elevates hyoid bone

What is the function of the mylohyoid?

elevates hyoid and raises floor of mouth

What is the function of the geniohyoid?


(genio = bend of the mandible)

elevates hyoid bone


What are the infrhyoid muscles of the anterior neck?

1. Sternohyoid


2. Omohyoid


3. Sternothyroid


4. Thyrohyoid

What is the function of the sternohyoid?

depresses hyoid

What is the function of the omohyoid?


(om = shoulder)

depresses hyoid

What is the function of the sternothyroid?

depresses thyroid cartilage

What is the function of the thyrohyoid?

depresses hyoid bone and raises thyroid cartilage

What are the deep back muscles?

1. Quadratus Lumborum


2. Erector Spinae

What is the function of the quadratus lumborum?

together: extend lumbar vertebral column


unilaterally: each laterally flexes vertebral column

What is the function of the erector spinae?

extend the vertebral column

What does the erector spinae consist of?

1. Iliocostalis-most lateral


2. Longissimus-intermediate


3. Spinalis-most medial

What are the deep thorax muscles?

1. Diaphragm


2. External Intercostals


3. Internal Intercostals


4. Scalenes

What is the function of the diaphragm?

contraction pulls the central portion down, increasing vertical dimensions of thorax

What is the function of the external intercostals?

elevate the ribs during inhalation


(from the rib above --> the rib above)

What is the function of the internal intercostals?

elevate ribs during exhalation


(from the rib below --> the rib above)

What is the function of the scalenes?

elevates ribs during inspiration

What are the abdominal muscles?

1. External Abdominal Oblique


2. Internal Abdominal Oblique


3. Transverse Abdominis


4. Rectus Abdominis

What are the muscles of the pelvic floor and perineum known as?

pelvic diaphragm or urogenital diaphragm

What is the function of the pelvic floor and perineum?

1. Closes inferior opening of pelvis


2. Supports the pelvic organs