Muscles, Bones And Joints

Front 1

Muscle - Scapula protraction (abduction)

Back 1

Serratus Anterior

Front 2

Muscle - Scapular retraction (adduction)

Back 2

Middle Trapezius

Front 3

Muscle Scapula Elevation

Back 3

Upper Trapezius

Front 4

Muscle Scapula Depression

Back 4

Lower Trapezius

Front 5

Muscle - Shoulder flexion

Back 5

Anterior Deltoid

Front 6

ROM - Shoulder flexion

Back 6

0-170

Front 7

Muscle - Shoulder extension

Back 7

Latissimus Dorsi

Front 8

ROM - Shoulder extension

Back 8

0-60

Front 9

Muscle - Shoulder abduction

Back 9

Middle Deltoid

Front 10

ROM - Shoulder abduction

Back 10

0-170

Front 11

Muscle - Shoulder adduction

Back 11

Latissimus Dorsi

Front 12

Muscle - Horizontal abduction

Back 12

Posterior Deltoid

Front 13

ROM - Horizontal abduction

Back 13

0-40

Front 14

Muscle - Horizontal adduction

Back 14

Pectoralis Major

Front 15

ROM - Horizontal adduction

Back 15

0-130

Front 16

Muscle - Shoulder external rotation

Back 16

Infraspinatus

Front 17

ROM - Shoulder external rotation

Back 17

0-90

Front 18

Muscle - Shoulder internal rotation

Back 18

Subscapularis

Front 19

ROM - Shoulder internal rotation

Back 19

0-70

Front 20

Muscle - elbow flexion

Back 20

Biceps

Front 21

ROM - elbow flexion

Back 21

0-135/150

Front 22

Muscle - elbow extension

Back 22

Triceps

Front 23

Muscle - forearm supination

Back 23

Biceps and Supinator

Front 24

ROM - forearm supination

Back 24

0-80/90

Front 25

Muscle - forearm pronation

Back 25

Pronator

Front 26

ROM - Forearm pronation

Back 26

0-80/90

Front 27

Muscle - Wrist flexion

Back 27

Flexor carpi radialis
Flexor carpi ulnaris

Front 28

ROM - Wrist flexion

Back 28

0-80

Front 29

Muscle - wrist extension

Back 29

Extensor carpi radialis
Extensor carpi ulnaris

Front 30

ROM - wrist extension

Back 30

0-70

Front 31

Muscle - ulnar deviation (abduction)

Back 31

flexor carpi ulnaris
extensor carpi ulnaris

Front 32

ROM - ulnar deviation

Back 32

0-30

Front 33

Muscle - radial deviation (adduction)

Back 33

flexor carpi radialis
extensor carpi radialis

Front 34

ROM - radial deviation

Back 34

0-20

Front 35

Muscle - MCP flexion

Back 35

Lumbricals

Front 36

ROM - MCP flexion

Back 36

0-90

Front 37

Muscle - MCP extension

Back 37

Extensor digitorum

Front 38

ROM - MCP extension

Back 38

15-45

Front 39

Muscle - MCP abduction

Back 39

Interossei Dorsales

Front 40

ROM - MCP abduction

Back 40

0-25

Front 41

Muscle - MCP adduction

Back 41

Interossei Palmares

Front 42

Muscle - PIP and DIP flexion

Back 42

flexor digitorum

Front 43

Muscle - PIP ad DIP extension

Back 43

extensor digitorum

Front 44

ROM - PIP flexion

Back 44

0-110

Front 45

ROM - DIP flexion

Back 45

0-80

Front 46

Muscle - CMC flexion

Back 46

Flexor pollicis longus

Front 47

Muscle CMC extension

Back 47

Abductor pollicis longus

Front 48

Muscle CMC abduction

Back 48

Abductor pollicis brevis

Front 49

Muscle - CMC adduction

Back 49

Adductor pollicis

Front 50

Muscle - CMC opposition

Back 50

Opponens pollicis

Front 51

ROM - CMC abduction

Back 51

0-50

Front 52

Muscle - Thumb MP flexion

Back 52

Flexor pollicis brevis

Front 53

Muscle - Thumb MP extension

Back 53

Extensor pollicis brevis

Front 54

ROM - Thumb MP flexion

Back 54

0-50

Front 55

Muscle - Thumb IP flexion

Back 55

Flexor pollicis longus

Front 56

Muscle - Thumb IP extension

Back 56

Extensor pollicis longus

Front 57

ROM - IP Flexion

Back 57

0-80/90

Front 58

Muscle - Hip flexion

Back 58

Rectus Femoris (Quadriceps )groups

Front 59

Muscle - Hip extension

Back 59

Bicep Femoris (Hamstring group)

Front 60

Muscle - Hip Abduction

Back 60

Gluteus Medius

Front 61

Muscle - Hip Adduction

Back 61

Adductor Longus (Adductor group)

Front 62

Muscle - Hip External Rotation (lateral)

Back 62

Piriformis (Deep rotators)

Front 63

Muscle - Hip Internal Rotation (medial)

Back 63

Gluteus Minimus

Front 64

Muscle - Knee Flexion

Back 64

Hamstring gorup

Front 65

Muscle - Knee extension

Back 65

Quadricep group

Front 66

Muscle - Ankle Inversion (supination)

Back 66

Tibialis Posterior

Front 67

Muscle - Ankle Eversion

Back 67

Peroneus Longus and Brevis

Front 68

Muscle - Ankle plantarflexion

Back 68

Gastrocnemius

Front 69

Muscle - Ankle dorsiflexion

Back 69

Tibialis Anterior

Front 70

Back 70

serratus anterior

Front 71

Back 71

middle trapezius

Front 72

Back 72

lower trapezius

Front 73

Back 73

Upper trapezius

Front 74

Back 74

anterior deltoid

Front 75

Back 75

Latissimus Dorsi

Front 76

Back 76

Middle deltoid

Front 77

Back 77

Posterior Deltoid

Front 78

Back 78

Pectoralis Major

Front 79

Back 79

infraspinatus

Front 80

Back 80

Subscapularis

Front 81

Back 81

Biceps

Front 82

Back 82

Triceps

Front 83

Back 83

Supinator

Front 84

Back 84

Pronator teres

Front 85

Back 85

flexor carpi radialis

Front 86

Back 86

flexor carpi ulnaris

Front 87

Back 87

extensor carpi radialis

Front 88

Back 88

extensor muscles of wrist
extensor carpi ulnaris

Front 89

Back 89

lumbricales

Front 90

Back 90

extensor digitorum

Front 91

Back 91

Interossei dorsales

Front 92

Back 92

flexor digitorum

Front 93

Back 93

flexor pollicis longus

Front 94

Back 94

abductor pollicis brevis

Front 95

Back 95

Opponens pollicis

Front 96

Back 96

Flexor pollicis brevis

Front 97

Back 97

extensor pollicis brevis

Front 98

Back 98

extensor pollicis longus

Front 99

Back 99

rectus femoris (quadriceps group)

Front 100

Back 100

gluteus medius

Front 101

Back 101

biceps femoris

Front 102

Back 102

piriformis

Front 103

Back 103

gluteus minimus

Front 104

Back 104

Hamstring muscles

Front 105

Back 105

quadriceps muscles

Front 106

Back 106

Tibialis posterior

Front 107

Back 107

Peroneus longus and brevis

Front 108

Back 108

Tibialis anterior

Front 109

Musculoskeletal system made up of 3 parts:

Back 109

1. Striated muscle
2. Connective Tissue
3. Skeleton

Front 110

Ligament

Back 110

Joins bones
Contains nerve endings that are important for reflexes and perception of movement and position

Front 111

Joint

Back 111

Skeletal, bone to bone connection help together by fibrous, cartilaginous or synovial tissue.

Front 112

Type I muscle

Back 112

Slow twitch
postural/core

Front 113

Type II muscle

Back 113

Fast twitch
powerful, rapid force

Front 114

Scapula is what type of joint

Back 114

False joint.
Glides across posterior of thorax

Front 115

Glenohumeral joint is what type of joint

Back 115

Ball/socket

Front 116

Elbow is what type of joint

Back 116

Hinge

Front 117

Radiocarpal joint is what type of joint

Back 117

Ellipsoid/Condyloid

Front 118

Carpometacarpal joint is what type of joint

Back 118

Saddle

Front 119

Metacarpophalangeal joint is what type of joint

Back 119

Ellipsoid/Condyloid

Front 120

Interphalangeal joint is what type of joint

Back 120

Hinge

Front 121

Acetabulofemoral joint is what type of joint

Back 121

Ball and socket

Front 122

Knee joint is what type of joint

Back 122

Hinge (modified-can medially/laterally rotate when knee flexed)

Front 123

Talocrural joint is what type of joint

Back 123

Hinge

Front 124

Metatarsal joint is what type of joint

Back 124

Hinge

Front 125

Anterior wrist muscles (3 major)

Back 125

1. Flexor Carpi radialis
2. Flexor Carpi ulnaris
3. Palmaris Longus

Front 126

Anterior wrist muscles - origin

Back 126

Medial epicondyle

Front 127

Flexor Carpi radialis - nerve

Back 127

median

Front 128

Flexor carpi ulnaris - nerve

Back 128

ulnar

Front 129

Palmaris Longus - nerve

Back 129

median

Front 130

Posterior wrist muscles - major 3

Back 130

1. Extensor carpi radialis longus
2. Extensor carpi radialis Brevis
3. Extensor carpi ulnaris

Front 131

Posterior Wrist muscles - origin

Back 131

lateral epicondyle and supracondylar ridge

Front 132

Posterior wrist muscles - nerve

Back 132

Radial

Front 133

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus, Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis, and Extensor Carpi Ulnaris - nerve

Back 133

radial

Front 134

Intrinsic Hand Muscles - 3 groups

Back 134

1. Thenar
2. Hypothenar
3. Deep Palm

Front 135

Thenar muscle group - 3 major muscles

Back 135

1. Flexor Pollicis Brevis
2 Abductor Pollicis Brevis
3. Opponens Pollicis

Front 136

Hypothenar muscle group - 3 major muscles

Back 136

1. Flexor Digiti Minimi
2. Abductor Digiti Minimi
3. Opponens Digiti Minimi

Front 137

Deep Palm muscle group - 3 major muscles

Back 137

1. Adductor pollicis
2. Interossei
3. Lumbricals

Front 138

Intrinsic Hand muscles - origin

Back 138

Distal to wrist

Front 139

Extrinsic Hand Muscles - 2 Major Groups

Back 139

1. Anterior
2. Posterior

Front 140

Extrinsic Hand Muscles - Anterior group: 3 major muscles

Back 140

1. Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
2. Flexor Digitorum Profundus
3. Flexor Pollicis Longus

Front 141

Extrinsic Anterior Hand muscles - finger flexors - nerve

Back 141

Median

Front 142

Extrinsic Hand Muscles - Posterior Group: 6 major muscles

Back 142

1. Extensor Digitorum
2. Extensor Digiti Minimi
3. Extensor Indicis
4. Extensor Pollicis Longus
5. Extensor Pollicis Brevis
6. Abductor Pollicis Longus

Front 143

Extrinsic Posterior Hand Muscles - extensors: nerve

Back 143

Radial

Front 144

Extrinisic Hand mUscles origin

Back 144

proximal to wrist

Front 145

Rotator Cuff muscles - 4

Back 145

1. Supraspinatus
2. Infraspinatus
3. Teres Minor
4. Subscapularis

Front 146

How do the extrinsic hand muscles exert force?

Back 146

Through long tendons

Front 147

5 purposes of bones

Back 147

1. Anatomical Landmarks
2. Hematopoesis (blood cell formation)
3. vitamin and minieral storage
4. Protection
5. Support

Front 148

4 types of bones

Back 148

1. Long
2. Short
3. Irregular
4. Flat

Front 149

Bones made up of: (2)

Back 149

1. thin layer of compact bone that surrounds
2. Thick layer of trabecular bone

Front 150

2 parts of skeleton

Back 150

1. Axial
2. Appendicular

Front 151

Wolff's Law

Back 151

1. Bones thickest where muscles attach
2. Long bones are thick in the middle of the shaft
3. Curved bones are thickest in areas most likely to break
4. Increased mechanical forces = increased trabecular bone

Front 152

Muscle named according to: 7

Back 152

1. Location
2. Shape
3. Action
4. Size
5. Number of attachment sites
6. Number of heads
7. Direction of fibers

Front 153

Vertebrae attached to brachial plexus

Back 153

C5-T1

Front 154

Brachial plexus - 2 major groups

Back 154

1. Shoulder
2. Arm

Front 155

Shoulder nerves in brachial plexus (7)

Back 155

1. Lateral pectoral
2. Thoracodorsal
3. Axillary
4.Musculocutaneous
5. Suprascapular
6. Upper subscapular
7. Lower subscapular

Front 156

Arm nerves in brachial plexus (4)

Back 156

1. Musculocutaneous
2. Radial
3. Median
4. Ulnar

Front 157

Arm nerves branch from Brachial where?

Back 157

Armpit, 2nd rib

Front 158

Musculocutaneous innervates which arm movement?

Back 158

Elbow flexion

Front 159

Radial nerve innervates which arm movements? (5)

Back 159

1. Elbow flexion
2. Supination
3. Elbow extension
4. Wrist extension
5. Finger extension
5.

Front 160

Median nerve innervates which which arm movements? (3)

Back 160

1. Pronation
2. Wrist flexion
3. Finger flexion

Front 161

Ulnar nerve innervates which arm movement?

Back 161

Fine motor muscles of the hand

Front 162

Three types of muscles

Back 162

1. Smooth
2. Cardiac
3. Skeletal

Front 163

Definition of muscle fiber

Back 163

cell that covers entire length of muscle
muscle fiber->myofibril->sarcomere->actin and myosin filament

Front 164

3 distinct features of muscle

Back 164

1. has two tendons that attach to bones
2. The stable part of the mucle is the origin and the movable distal part of the muscle is the insertion.
3. During contraction, the two tendons pull, moving the insertion always moves closer to origin
3.

Front 165

5 Characteristics of muscle

Back 165

1. Contractility - ability to shorten and move an object when resistance is applied
2. Extensibility - antagonist muscle lengthens
3. Elasticity - muscle returns to original shape after stretch
4. Excitability/Irritability - has ability to respond to increased and multiple stimuli
5. Normal resting length

Front 166

Spinal Levels C1, C2 and C3 supply what area of the body

Back 166

Head and neck

Front 167

Spinal level C4 supplies what major area of the body

Back 167

Diaphragm

Front 168

Spinal level C5 supplies what major area of the body

Back 168

Deltoids, Biceps

Front 169

Spinal level C6 supplies what major area of the body

Back 169

wrist extensors

Front 170

Spinal level C7 supplies what major area of the body

Back 170

triceps and wrist flexors

Front 171

Spinal level C8 and T1 supply what major area of the body

Back 171

Fingers

Front 172

Cervical nerves innervate:

Back 172

head and neck

Front 173

Brachial plexus nerves innervate:

Back 173

Scapular and shoulder

Front 174

Axillary nerves innervate:

Back 174

Shoulder movements

Front 175

Musculocutaneous nerves innervate:

Back 175

shoulder movements and elbow flexion

Front 176

Radial nerves innervate:

Back 176

Shoulder movements
Elbow extension
wrist, fingers and thumb

Front 177

Median nerves innervate

Back 177

wrist, fingers and thumb

Front 178

Ulnar nerves innervate:

Back 178

wrist, fingers and thumb

Front 179

3 basic types of muscle contraction

Back 179

1. Isometric
2. Isotonic (Concentric and Eccentric)
3. Isokinetic

Front 180

Isometric contraction

Back 180

muscle contracts but does not change in length (no movement)

Front 181

Isotonic contraction

Back 181

Muscle contracts, length changes and joint angle changes. A concentric contraction is associated with lifting and shortening, and eccentric contraction is associated with lowering and lengthening

Front 182

Isokinetic contraction

Back 182

Contraction exerts constant force against entire length of movement. the resistance varies as velocity varies. Can only be done with special equipment

Front 183

Concentric contraction

Back 183

As isotonic contraction where muscle attachments move closer. Usually occur against gravity and acceleration. Associated with lifting

Front 184

Eccentric contraction

Back 184

An isotonic contraction where the muscle attachments move father apart. usually occur with gravity and deacceleration.

Front 185

Muscle tension

Back 185

force buildup with a muscle

Front 186

Muscle tone

Back 186

the slight tension present in a muscle at all times

Front 187

Muscle excursion

Back 187

distance from max elongation to max shortening

Front 188

muscle agonist

Back 188

muscle or muscle group that causes the motion

Front 189

muscle antagonist

Back 189

muscle that performs the opposite motion of the agonist. usually relaxed when agonist is moving

Front 190

Muscle cocontraction

Back 190

when agonist and antagonist act at the same time, usually when there is a need for accuracy or when learning a new task

Front 191

Muscle Active Insufficiency

Back 191

the muscle has reached a point where it cannot shorten anymore (example hamstrings when flex knee)

Front 192

Muscle Passive Insufficiency

Back 192

the muscle cannot be further elongated without damage to fibers

Front 193

A muscle contracts most efficiently at what range?

Back 193

Midrange