Muscles, A; O; & I, With Photos

Front 1

A. Knee flexion, ankle plantar flexion







O. Medial & lateral epicondyles of the femur







I. Calcaneus via the tendo calcaneus

Back 1

Hint 1

Gastrocnemius

Front 2

A. Ankle plantar flexion







O. Posterior tibia & fibula







I. Calcaneus via the tendo calcaneus

Back 2

Hint 2

Soleus

Front 3

A. Knee flexion, ankle plantar flexion







O. Lateral epicondyle of the femur







I. Calcaneus via the tendo calcaneus

Back 3

Hint 3

Plantaris

Front 4

A. Knee flexzion







O. Lateral condyle of the femur







I. Posterior proximal tibial shaft

Back 4

Hint 4

Popliteus

Front 5

A. Ankle dorsiflexion, ankle inversion







O. Anterolateral shaft of tibia







I. Base of 1st metatarsal & 1st cuneiform bones

Back 5

Hint 5

Tibialis anterior

Front 6

A. Great toe extension, assists in ankle dorsiflexion







O. Anterior shaft of fibula and interosseus membrane







I. Base of 1st distal phalanx

Back 6

Hint 6

Extensor hallucus longus

Front 7

A. Toe extension, assists in ankle dorsiflexion







O. Proximal two thirds of anterior shaft of fibula







I. Dorsal surface of 2nd-4th midedle & distal phalanges

Back 7

Hint 7

Extensor digitorum longus

Front 8

A. Ankle eversion, assists in ankle plantar flexion







O. Lower two thirds of lateral shaft of fibula







I. Base of 5th metartarsal bone

Back 8

Hint 8

Peroneus brevis

Front 9

A. Great toe flexion, assists in ankle plantar flexion







O. Lower thow thirds of lateral shaft of fubula







I. Base of 5th metatarsal bone

Back 9

Hint 9

Flexor halluces longus

Front 10

A. Toe flexion, assists in ankle plantar flexion







O. Posterior shaft of fibula







I. Plantar surface of 2nd-4th distal phalanges

Back 10

Hint 10

Flexor digitorum longus

Front 11

A. Ankle plantar flexion, ankle inversion







O. Posterior tibia and fibula







I. Navicular bone; 1st, 2nd, and 3rd cuneiform bones; cuboid bone, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th metatarsal bones

Back 11

Hint 11

Tibialis posterior

Front 12

A. Hip extension, external rotation,







O. Posterior ilium and sacrum







I. Gluteal tuberosity(on femur)and iliotibial tract

Back 12

Hint 12

Gluteus maximus

Front 13

A. Hip abduction, internal rotation







O. Lateral surface of the ilium







I. Greater trochanter of the femur

Back 13

Hint 13

Gluteus medius

Front 14

A. Hip abduction, internal rotation







O. Lateral surface of the lower ilium







I. Greater trochanter of the femur

Back 14

Hint 14

Gluteus minimus

Front 15

A. External rotation







O. Anterior sacrum







I. Greater torchanter

Back 15

Hint 15

Piriformis

Front 16

A. Hip abduction, Hip flexion, internal rotation, knee extension







O. Anterior one third of the iliac crest







I. Tibia via the iliotibial tract

Back 16

Hint 16

Tensor Fascia latae

Front 17

A. Hip flexion, external rotation, hip abduction, knee flexion







O. Bodies of the lumbar vertebrae







I. Lesser trochanter of the femur

Back 17

Hint 17

Psoas major (iliopsoas)

Front 18

A. Hip flexion, external rotation, hhip abduction







O. iliac fossa(internal surface of the ilium)







I. Lesser trochanter of the femur

Back 18

Hint 18

iliacus (iliopsoas)

Front 19

A. Hip flexion, external rotation, hip abduction, knee flexion







O. Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)







I. Proximal medial shaft of the tibia (pes anserinus)

Back 19

Hint 19

Sartorius

Front 20

A. Hip adduction, knee flexion







O. Pectineal line (inferior ramus of pubis)







I. Proximal medial shaft of the tibia

Back 20

Hint 20

Gracilis

Front 21

A. Hip flexion, knee extension







O. Body of pubis and inferior reaqmus of pubis, anterior inferior iliac spine(ASIS)







I. Tibial tuberosity via the patellar tendon

Back 21

Hint 21

Rectus femoris(Quadriceps femoris)

Front 22

A. Knee extension







O. Body of pubis and inferior ramus of pubis, anterior femur







I. Tibial tuberosity via the patellar tendon

Back 22

Hint 22

Vastus lateralis(Quadriceps femoris)

Front 23

A. Knee extension







O. Body of pubis and inferior ramus of pubis, medial lip of linea aspera







I. Tibial tuberosity via the patellar tendon

Back 23

Hint 23

Vastus Intermedius(quadriceps femoris

Front 24

A. Knee extension







O. Body of pubis and inferior ramus of pubis







I. Tibial tuberosity via the patellar tendon

Back 24

Hint 24

Vastus medialis(quadriceps femoris)

Front 25

A. Hip flexion, hip adduction, internal rotation







O. Superior ramus of pubis







I. Between the lesser trochanter and the linea aspera on the femur

Back 25

Hint 25

Pectineus

Front 26

A. Hip adduction, hip flexion, internal rotation







O. Inferior ramus of pubis and ramus of ischium







I. Linea aspera n posterior femur

Back 26

Hint 26

Adductor longus

Front 27

A. Hip adduction, hip flexion, internal rotation







O. Inferior ramus of pubis and ramus of ischium







I. Linea aspera on posterior femur

Back 27

Hint 27

Adductor brevis

Front 28

A. Hip adduction, hip flexion, internal rotation







O. Inferior ramus of pubis and ramus of ischium







I. Linea aspera on posterior femur

Back 28

Hint 28

Adductor magnus

Front 29

A. Hip flexion, knee flexion







O. Ischial tuberosity and linea aspera







I. head of fibula

Back 29

Hint 29

Biceps femoris(Hamstrings)

Front 30

A. Hip extension, knee flexion







O. Ischial tuberosity







I. Proximal medial shaft of the tibea

Back 30

Hint 30

Semitendinous(Hamstrings)

Front 31

A. Hip extension, knee flexion







O. Ischial tuberosity







I. Posterior aspect of lateral condyle on the tibea

Back 31

Hint 31

Semimembranosus(Hamstrings)

Front 32

A. Extend abduct and laterally rotate the hip, stabilizing component of the hip and knee







O. Anterolateral iliac tubericle portion of the external lip of the iliac crest







I. Lateral condyle of the tibia of the at Gerdy's tubericle

Back 32

Hint 32

iLiotibial tract (IT Band)

Front 33

A. Abduction







O. Supraspinous fossa







I. Greater tubercle of the humerus

Back 33

Hint 33

Supraspinatus

Front 34

A. External rotation, extension







O. Infraspinous fossa







I. Greater tubercle of the humerus

Back 34

Hint 34

Infraspinatus

Front 35

A. Extension, internal rotation, adduction







O. Inferior angle of the scapula







I. Medial lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus

Back 35

Hint 35

Teres major

Front 36

A. Extension, external rotation







O. Upper lateral border of the scapula







I. Greater tubercle of the humeru

Back 36

Hint 36

Teres minor

Front 37

A. Internal rotation







O. Subscapular fossa







I. Lesser tubercle of the humerus

Back 37

Hint 37

Subscapularis

Front 38

A. Extension, internal rotation, adduction







O. Thoracolumbar aponeurosis from t7 to iliac crest(including last three ribs0







I. Bicipital groove of the humerus

Back 38

Hint 38

Latissimus dorsi

Front 39

A. Clavicular and sternal heads; adduction, horizontal adduction, internal rotation-Clavicular only: Flexion-Sternal only: Extension







O. Clavicular head: Medial half of the clavicle-Sternal head: Sternum and cartilages of the first six ribs







I. Lateral lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus

Back 39

Hint 39

Pectoralis major(clavicular and sternal heads)

Front 40

A. Anterior: flexion, horizontal adduction, internal rotation-Middle: abduction-Posterior: extension, horizontal abduction, external rotation







O. Anterior: lateral third of clavicle, Middle: acromion process, Posterior: spine of the scapula







I. Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

Back 40

Hint 40

Deltoids

Front 41

A. Flexion, adduction, horizontal adduction







O. Coracoid process of the scapula







I. Middle of the border of the humerus

Back 41

Hint 41

Coracobrachialis

Front 42

A. Short head: Elbow flexion, forearm supination, shoulder flexion







O. Long head: Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula



Short head: Ciracoid process of the scapula







I. Radial tuberosity

Back 42

Hint 42

Biceps brachii(long and short heads)

Front 43

A. Elbow flexion







O. Lower half of the anteroilateral shaft of the humerus







I. Ulnar tuberosity

Back 43

Hint 43

Brachialis

Front 44

A. All heads: Elbow extension, Long head only: Shoulder extension







O. Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, Medial head: Posterior humerus, Lateral head: Superior, posterior humerus







I. Oclecranon process of the ulna

Back 44

Hint 44

Triceps brachii(long, medial, and lateral heads)

Front 45

A. Elbow extension







O. Lateral epicondyle of the humerus







I. Olecranon process of the ulna

Back 45

Hint 45

Aconeus

Front 46

A. Elbow flexion







O. Above the lateral epicondyle of the humerus







I. Styloid process of the radius

Back 46

Hint 46

Brachioradialis

Front 47

A. Forearm pronation, elbow flexion







O. Above the medial epicondyle of the humerus







I. Midilateral shaft of the radius

Back 47

Hint 47

Pronator teres

Front 48

A. Forearm pronation







O. Distal anterior ulna







I. Distal anterior radius

Back 48

Hint 48

Pronator quadratus

Front 49

A. Forearm supination







O. Below the radial notch of the ulna







I. Anterior proximal radius

Back 49

Hint 49

Supinator

Front 50

A. Trunk(spine) flexion







O. Pubic spine







I. Costal cartilages for ribs 5, 6, & 7

Back 50

Hint 50

Rectus abdominis

Front 51

A. Bilaterally: trunk flexion, Unilaterally: lateral flexion, trunk rotation







O. Lower eight ribs







I. Abdominal aponeurosis and iliac crest

Back 51

Hint 51

External oblique

Front 52

A. Bilaterally: trunk flexion, Unilaterally: lateral flexion, trunk rotation







O. inguinal ligament and anterior iliac crest







I. Costal cartilages of the last for ribs and abdominal aponeurosis

Back 52

Hint 52

Internal oblique

Front 53

A. Compresses abdominal contents







O. Inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar aponeurosis, and lower margin of the rib cage







I. Abdominal aponeurosis

Back 53

Hint 53

Transerse abdominis

Front 54

A. Increases the capacity of the thoracic cavity during inspiration







O. First three lumbar vertebrae, lower six costal cartilages, and xiphoid process







I. Central tendon(aponeurosis)

Back 54

Hint 54

Diaphragm

Front 55

A. Bilaterally: trunk extension, Unilaterally: lateral flexion







O. Spinalis: Spinous processes of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae, Longissimus: Lumbar and thoracic transverse processes, Iliocostalis: Thoracolumbar aponeurosis







I. Spinalis: Cervical and thoracic spinous processes & the occiput, Longissimus: Cervical & thoracic transverse processes & the mastoid processes, Iliocostalis: Posterior ribs & cervical transverse processes

Back 55

Hint 55

Erector spinae group(Spinalis, Longissimus, & Iliocostalis)

Front 56

A. Lateral flexion, hip elevation







O. Posterior iliac crest







I. Rib 12 and transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae

Back 56

Hint 56

Quadratus lumborum

Front 57

A. Upper: elevation, upward rotation, Middle: Retraction, Lower: Depression







O. Occiput, nuchal ligament, and spinious processes of C7-T12







I. Upper: Lateral clavicle and acromion process, Middle: spine of scapula, Lower: root of spine of scapula

Back 57

Hint 57

Trapezius

Front 58

A. Elevation, downward rotation







O. Spinous processes of C1-4







I. Superior portion of medial border of scapula

Back 58

Hint 58

Levator scapulae

Front 59

A. Retraction, downward rotation







O. Major: spinous processes of T2-T5, Minor: Spinous processes of C7-T1







I. Medial border of scapula

Back 59

Hint 59

Rhomboids (major and minor)

Front 60

A. Protraction, upward rotation







O. Upper eight or nine ribs







I. Anterior aspect of medial border of scapula

Back 60

Hint 60

Serratus anterior

Front 61

A. Protraction, depression, downward rotation







O. Ribs 3, 4, and 5







I. Coracoid process of scapula

Back 61

Hint 61

Pectoralis minor

Front 62

A. Adduct the shoulder, medially rotate the shoulder, assist to elevate the thorax during forced inhalation-Upper fibers only: Flex the shoulder, Horizontally adduct the shoulder-Lower fibers only: Extend the shoulder







O. Medial half of clavicle, sternum, and cartilage of first through sixth ribs







I. Crest of greater tubercle of humerus







O.







I.

Back 62

Hint 62

Pectoralis Major

Front 63

A. Forearm Supination







O. Below the radial notch of the ulna







I. Anterior proximal radius

Back 63

Hint 63

Supinator

Front 64

A. Wrinkles forehead, raises eyebrow







O. Frontal bone







I. Eyebrow

Back 64

Hint 64

Frontalis

Front 65

A. Bilaterally: neck flexion: unilaterally: lateral flexion, neck rotation







O. Manubrium of sternum, clavicle







I. Mastoid process of temporal bone

Back 65

Hint 65

Sternocleidomastoid

Front 66

base of neck muscles

Back 66

individualize later

Hint 66

ha

Front 67

A. Closes and purses lips (puckers)







O. Fascia surrounding the mouth







I. Lips

Back 67

Hint 67

Obicularis Oris

Front 68

A. Closes eyes







O. Bones medial to the eye







I. Eyelid

Back 68

Hint 68

Obicularis Oculi

Front 69

A. Brings cheeks close to teeth







O. Maxilla and mandible







I. Orbicularis oris on the corners of the mouth

Back 69

Hint 69

Buccinator

Front 70

A. Elevate the corners of the mouth (smiling muscles)







O. Zygomatic bone







I. Tissue in the corners of the mouth

Back 70

Hint 70

Zygomaticus muscles

Front 71

A. Elevates upper lip







O. Maxilla and zygomatic bone







I. Upper lip

Back 71

Hint 71

Levator labii superioris

Front 72

A. Depresses lower lip







O. Mandible







I. Lower lip

Back 72

Hint 72

Depressor labii inferioris

Front 73

A. Elevates mandible, moves jaw laterally







O. Zygomatic arch







I. Ramus of mandible

Back 73

Hint 73

Masseter

Front 74

A. Elevates mandible, retracts mnandible







O. Temporal fossa







I. Coronoid process of mandible

Back 74

Hint 74

Temporalis

Front 75

A. Elevates and protracts jaw, moves jaw laterally







O. Pterygoid plate







I. Medial ramus of mandible

Back 75

Hint 75

Medial Pterygold

Front 76

A. Protracts jaw, moves jaw laterally







O. Pterygold plate (lateral surface)







I. Inferior to condyloid process of mandible

Back 76

Hint 76

Lateral pterygoid

Front 77

A. Depresses lower lip







O. Fascia covering clavicles, sternum, and lower neck







I. Inferior border of mandible

Back 77

Hint 77

Platysma

Front 78

A. Bilaterally: raise first two ribs, assist in neck flexion; Unilaterally: lateral flexion of neck







O. Transverse processes of cervical vertebrae







I. Anterior: Rib 1



Middle: Rib 1



Posterior: Rib 2

Back 78

Hint 78

Scalenes

Front 79

A. Bilaterally: neck extension; Unilaterally: neck rotation, lateral flexion







O. Nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7-T3







I. Occipital bone and mastoid processes of C7-T3

Back 79

Hint 79

Splenius capitis

Front 80

A.

O.

I.

Back 80

Hint 80

PROCERUS

Front 81

A.

O.

I.

Back 81

Hint 81

Corrigulator Supercili

Front 82

A

Back 82

Hint 82

Nasalis

Front 83

A

Back 83

Hint 83

Digastric (posterior belly)

Front 84

A

Back 84

Omohyoid (inferior belly)

Hint 84

Digastric (posterior belly)

Front 85

A

Back 85

Hint 85

Thyrohyoid

Front 86

A

Back 86

Hint 86

Sternohyoid

Front 87

A.

Back 87

Hint 87

Anconeus

Front 88

A

Back 88

Hint 88

Inguenal Ligament

Front 89

A.

Back 89

Hint 89

Plantaris