Multiple Choice Questions On The Peripheral Nervous System And Thorax - Dean And Pegington

Front 1

Sympathetic nerve fibers:
A) Arise only from segments T5 to T12 of the spinal cord.
B) Innervate the SA node in the right atrium.
C) Are responsible for bronchooconstriction.
D) Only ever synapse in ganglia along the sympathetic trunk.
E) Are responsible for vasodilation of the skin.

Back 1

A) F
B) T
C) F
D) F
E) F

Front 2

Parasympathetic nerve fibres:
A) Have a craniosacral outflow only.
B) Generally synapse very close to the neuraxis.
C) Are secretomotor to the mucous glands of the bronchi.
D) Travel with the phrenic nerve in the thorax.
E) Reach the limbs by running along blood vessels.

Back 2

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 3

In the peripheral nervous system:
A) Dorsal nerve roots contain both motor and sensory neurons.
B) Each ventral ramus contains both motor and sensory neurons.
C) Sensory neurons have their cell bodies in dorsal root ganglia.
D) Postganglionic sympathtic nerve fibres are unmyelinated.
E) Both parasympathetic and sympathetic autonomic ganglia contain synapses.

Back 3

A) F
B) T
C) T
D) T
E) T

Front 4

The sternal angle:
A) Is part of the boundary of the inlet of the thorax.
B) Is a secondary cartilaginous joint.
C) Lies at the level at which the second costal cartilages meet the sternum.
D) Is the joint between the sternal body and xihisternum.
E) Can be palpated in the living subject.

Back 4

A) F
B) T
C) T
D) F
E) T

Front 5

The fourth intercostal nerves:
A) Give motor fibres to intercostal muscles.
B) Convery parasympathetic neurons to the breasts.
C) Contain fibres that are secretomotor to sweat glands.
D) Are accompanied during part of their course by branches of the internal thoracic arteries.
E) Are sensory to an area of skin on the anterior abdominal wall.

Back 5

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 6

Thoracic vertebrae:
A) Each articulate with four ribs (exceot at T1, T11 and T12).
B) Have articular facets on their transverse processes for articulation with the tubercles of ribs.
C) Give origin to the right and left crura of the diaphragm.
D) Are 12 in number.
E) May show flattening of the body where related to the descending aorta.

Back 6

A)
B)
C)
D) T
E)

Front 7

The second intercostal nerve:
A) Has a collateral branch.
B) Has an anterior cutaneous branch.
C) Travels in the intercostal space above its corresponding artery and vein.
D) Carries sympathetic fibres.
E) Supplies the intercostal muscles of the second intercostal space.

Back 7

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 8

The diaphragm:
A) Contracts during expiration.
B) Recieves motor fibres from the vagus nerves,
C) Forms a sphincteraround the oesophagus.
D) Arise in part as slips of muscle from the costal margin.
E) Is firmly attached to the fibrous pericardium.

Back 8

A) F
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 9

The mediastinal surface of the right lung is related through the pleura to:
A) The pericardium.
B) The vena azygos.
C) The right phrenic nerve.
D) The aortic arch.
E) The right recurrent laryngeal nerve.

Back 9

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 10

A stab wound through the 6th intercostal space into the lung tissue in the mid-clavicular line will pass through:
A) The internal thoracic artery.
B) The costodiaphragmatic recess.
C) Both internal and external intercostal muscles.
D) Pectoralis major.
E) Only one layer of pleura.

Back 10

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 11

The upper lobe of the right lung:
A) Is related through pleura to the trachea.
B) Sometimes has a segment called the azygos lobe.
C) Projects into the neck aboe the level of the clavicle.
D) Is separated from the suprapleural membrane by both parietal and visceral pleura.
E) Is related to the sympathetic trunk at the first rib.

Back 11

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 12

The right principal bronchus:
A) Has the azygos arch above it.
B) Is more vertical than the left principal bronchus.
C) Lies enclosed in the pulmonary ligament.
D) Gives off the right upper lobe bronchus before entering the lung.
E) Has cartilage in its walls.

Back 12

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 13

The lateral arcuate ligament of the diaphragm:
A) Bridges over the psoas muscle.
B) Passes between the second lumbar vertebral body and its transverse process.
C) Has the sympathetic trunk passing posterior to it.
D) Lies posterior to the right kidney.
E) Is related to the subcostal vessels.

Back 13

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 14

The right lung:
A) Has a section called the lingula.
B) Has bronchopulmonary segments in each lobe.
C) Has a transverse fissure.
D) Is related (through pleura) to the right phrenic nerve.
E) Is firmly fused with the central tendon of the diaphragm.

Back 14

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 15

The root of the lung contains:
A) An artery or arteries that convey oxygenated blood.
B) Parasympathetic fibres.
C) Sympathetic fibres.
D) Lymphatics and lymph nodes.
E) An artery or arteries that convey deoxygenated blood.

Back 15

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 16

Features of the interior of the right atrium include:
A) Musculi pectinati.
B) Trabeculae carneae covering the wall of the auricular appendage.
C) A valve at the entrance of the superior vena cava.
D) The infunibulum.
E) A fossa ovalis.

Back 16

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 17

The following structures can normally be traced along the margins of the mediastinal shadow on a posteroanterior radiograph of the chest:
A) The superior vena cava.
B) The aortic arch.
C) The interventricular groove.
D) The coronary sulcus.
E) The left auricular appendage.

Back 17

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 18

The mitral valve:
A) Possesses two major cusps.
B) "Guards" the right atrioventricular orifice.
C) Has chordae tendineae.
D) Is attached to the septomarginal trabecula (moderator band).
E) Closes during left ventricular contraction (systole).

Back 18

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 19

Chordae tendineae attach to:
A) Cusps of the mitral valve.
B) Papillary muscles.
C) Cusps of the aortic valve.
D) The septomarginal trabecula (moderator band).
E) Cusps of the tricuspid valve.

Back 19

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 20

The sinuatrial node:
A) Lies in the wall of the right atrium near the superior vena cava.
B) Imposes the rate of heart contraction.
C) Usually receives its oxygenated blood from a branch of the left coronary artery.
D) Receives sympathetic fibres.
E) Receives parasympathetic fibres.

Back 20

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 21

Branches of the right coronary artery may include:
A) The circumflex artery.
B) The anterior interventricular artery.
C) The marginal artery.
D) The sinuatrial (SA) artery.
E) Vessels that supply the wall of the pulmonary trunk.

Back 21

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 22

The following bound the oblique pericardial sinus:
A) The ascending aorta.
B) The inferior vena cava.
C) The right and left pulmonary veins.
D) The pulmonary trunk.
E) The left auricular appendage.

Back 22

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 23

The oesophagus:
A) Passes through the diaphragm at the level of T8.
B) Is about 25 cm (10 in) in length.
C) Receives some of its blood from inferior thyroid arteries.
D) Drains some of its blood into the portal system.
E) Is separated from the right atrium by the oblique sinus of pericardium.

Back 23

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 24

The arch of the aorta is directly related to:
A) The left vagus nerve.
B) The ligamentum arteriosum.
C) The left recurrent laryngeal nerve.
D) The superficial cardiac plexus.
E) Has its concavity at the level of suprasternal (jugular) notch.

Back 24

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 25

The oesophagus:
A) Lies anterior to the thoracic duct.
B) Has a normal constriction at the level of the bifurcation of the trachea.
C) Has an oesophagogastric junction about 40 cm from the incisor teeth in adults.
D) Can normally be seen on a posteroanterior chest film.
E) Has a layer of voluntary muscle through its entire course.

Back 25

hA)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 26

The left phrenic nerve:
A) Is a branch of the brachial plexus.
B) Arises from cervical ventral rami.
C) Lies against the trachea in the superior mediastinum.
D) Passes behind the left lung root.
E) Contains both motor and sensory fibres.

Back 26

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 27

Concerning the posterior origin of the diaphragm:
A) The right crus arises from the bodies of T11 and T12.
B) Some fibres of the right crus encircle the oesophagus.
C) The sympathetic trunk passes behind the lateral arcuate ligament.
D) The medial arcuate ligament is a thicekning of the fascia covering the psoas.
E) The splanchnic nerves often pierce the crura.

Back 27

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 28

Structures passing through the oesophageal opening in the diaphragm include:
A) Vagal trunks.
B) The hemiazygos vein.
C) Branches of the left gastric vessels.
D) Lymphatics.
E) The left phrenic nerve.

Back 28

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 29

The thoracic descending aorta:
A) Passes behind the diaphragm at the level of the 12th thoracic vertebra.
B) Gives off posterior intercostal arteries.
C) Supplies branches to the oesophagus.
D) Lies anterior to the oesophagus just above the diaphragm.
E) Passes behind the diaphragm through a hiatus in company with the thoracic duct.

Back 29

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 30

The right vagus nerve:
A) Is found on the right surface of the trachea in the thorax.
B) Passes in front of the right lung root.
C) Contains nerve fbres whose activity speeds up the heart rate.
D) Gives parasympathetic fibres to sweat glands.
E) Contains fibres that take part in the formation of the oesophageal plexus.

Back 30

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Front 31

The thoracic duct:
A) Enters the thorax through the aortic opening of the diaphragm.
B) Empties into the azygos vein.
C) Is found behind the oesophagus in the thorax.
D) Drains all lymph from both right and left sides of the thorax.
E) Receives lymph from the pelvis.

Back 31

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)