Ms-T4

Front 1

The nurse must check the patient's ____ before and after peritoneal dialysis (PD) to determine how much fluid has been removed.

Back 1

weight

Front 2

Large intake of particular foods, such as dairy products or foods high in proteins, also may lead to ___ formation.

Back 2

calculi

Front 3

To teach pelvic floor, or____ exercises, the nurse should instruct the patient (without contracting the legs, buttocks, or abdomen) to contract the muscles around the rectum (pelvic floor muscles) as if stopping a stool, which should result in a pelvic lifting sensation

Back 3

Kegel,

Front 4

In renal disease, ___ is not filtered out of the blood by the kidneys and therefore accumulates in the blood. This results in toxicity to brain tissue, causing confusion.

Back 4

urea

Front 5

Painful and difficult urination is characterized as ____. ____ is an absence of urine production, whereas ____ is diminished urine production.

Back 5

dysuria

Anuria

oliguria

Front 6

Although a specimen may be collected at any time of the day for a routine urinalysis, it is best to obtain _____.

Back 6

the first specimen urinated in the morning.

Front 7

The specimen should be examined within one hour of urinating. If it is not possible to send the specimen to the laboratory immediately, ____

Back 7

refrigerate it.

Front 8

Upper UTI symptoms present with 3

Back 8

fever, chills, and flank pain.

Front 9

A decrease or cessation of output in a patient with CBI requires ___

Back 9

immediate intervention.

Front 10

When assessing a patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), the nurse evaluates possible complications of urinary obstruction. Which are the most appropriate conditions that the nurse should consider?

3

Back 10

Bladder calculi

Acute urinary retention

Urinary tract infection

Front 11

UTI

___ is the most reported organism

Back 11

E. coli

Front 12

Auscultate the abdominal aorta and renal arteries for a bruit (an abnormal murmur), which indicates ____

Back 12

impaired blood flow to the kidneys

Front 13

____is the most accurate indicator of renal function.

Back 13

creatinine clearance

Front 14

____ (also known as extracorporeal shock wave) is a noninvasive therapeutic treatment in which high-energy shock waves are used to crush or pulverize renal calculi in the renal pelvis, ureter, and bladder.

Back 14

Lithotripsy

Front 15

The primary functions of the kidneys are to 2

Back 15

filter the blood and maintain the body's internal homeostasis

Front 16

A patient is being administered 15 g sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) orally for hyperkalemia. Which intervention should the nurse perform?

Back 16

report changes to the health care provider in the ECG

Front 17

___ is required for water reabsorption in the kidney and is important in water balance.

Back 17

ADH

Front 18

Phosphorus and calcium have inverse or reciprocal relationships, meaning that when phosphorus levels are high, calcium levels tend to be low. Therefore, administration of calcium should help to reduce a patient's abnormally high phosphorus level, as seen with CKD.

Back 18

Nursing

Front 19

Nurses have a major role in prevention of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Which guidelines can help prevent hospital-acquired UTIs? Select all that apply.3

Back 19

Avoid unnecessary catheritization

Routine and thorough perineal hygiene for all hospitalized patients

Wash hands before and after contact with each patient

Front 20

A patient presents with sudden and painful inability to urinate. Which is a priority nursing action to manage acute urinary retention?

Back 20

Insert a catheter to drain the bladder.

Front 21

____ are associated with severe abdominal or flank pain.

Back 21

Urinary stones

Front 22

A postoperative patient had a urinary catheter removed. Eight hours later and after drinking fluids, the patient is unable to void. What should the nurse do first to assess for urinary retention?

Back 22

Bladder scan

Front 23

The patient developed progressive renal failure 10 years ago and has been a dialysis patient for the last five years. The patient also has developed chronic anemia. There are many causes of anemia, but the most likely cause of anemia in this patient would be

Back 23

Decreased erythropoietin production

Front 24

A patient with chronic kidney disease has an arteriovenous (AV) graft in the right forearm. What is the nurse's priority in determining the patency of the graft?

Back 24

Check for a bruit by listening over the right arm AV graft site with a stethoscope

Front 25

The result of a creatinine clearance test closely approximates that of the ____.

Back 25

GFR

Front 26

____ incontinence occurs when the patient coughs or sneezes.

Back 26

Stress

Front 27

The nurse provides a patient who is prone to urinary tract infections with a list of recommended food and beverage choices to increase the patient's urine acidity. What type of juice should the nurse include on the list?

Back 27

Cranberry

Front 28

The most significant signs and symptoms of BPH are relate to ___

Back 28

the disruption of normal urinary drainage

Front 29

A patient has been catheterized with an indwelling urinary catheter. What nursing action should the nurse perform for catheter care?

Back 29

Anchor the catheter using a securement device.

Front 30

A nurse planning care for a patient with acute renal failure recognizes that the interventions of highest priority are directly related to:

Back 30

Excess fluid volume

Front 31

When managing a female patient with active symptoms of urethritis, what actions should the nurse perform? Select all that apply.3

Back 31

Teach the patient to cleanse the perineal area.

Obtaina urine sample for culture.

Provide a warm sitz bath

Front 32

With progressive renal failure, there is an increase in fluid ____.

Back 32

retention

Front 33

What renal test?

No dietary restrictions are required. No pain or discomfort will be felt during the test. No activity restrictions are required

Back 33

renal computed tomography (CT) scan

Front 34

serum creatinine will have a normal range of ___

Back 34

0.2 to 1. 0 mg/dL

Front 35

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) will have a normal range of ____

Back 35

10 to 30 mg/dL

Front 36

___ would be used for a complicated UTI.

Back 36

Ciprofloxacin

Front 37

____ is a potentially fatal complication of peritoneal dialysis, and thus it is imperative to teach the patient methods of preventing this from occurring by use of_____

Back 37

Peritonitis

aseptic technique.

Front 38

__2__ along with headaches and oliguria, are common complications of glomerulonephritis and tend to recur.

Back 38

Hypertension and edema,

Front 39

A 78-year-old patient has Stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is being taught about a low potassium diet. The nurse knows the patient understands the diet when the patient selects which foods to eat?

Back 39

Apple, green beans, and roast beef

Front 40

_____contributes to an abrupt rise in blood pressure, especially in people under 30 or over 50 years of age.

Back 40

Renal artery stenosis

Front 41

Immediately before initiating the radiotherapy, the patient has to ____ so that radiation exposure of the bladder is reduced.

Back 41

urinate

Front 42

The nurse is teaching a patient who recently had an episode of urolithiasis with calcium oxalate stones about nutritional therapy. What instructions should the nurse include? Select all that apply.

Limit consumption of colas.

Limit intake of dried fruits and nuts.

Take in at least 3 L of fluid daily.

Back 42

nursing

Front 43

When caring for a patient during the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury (AKI), what is an appropriate nursing intervention?

Back 43

Restrict fluids according to previous daily loss

Front 44

A normal RBC count in the urine is less than ___ and a normal WBC count in the urine is less than ____

Back 44

4/hpf

5/hpf.

Front 45

In a normal patient, phosphorus levels are between ____

Back 45

2.4 and 4.0 mg/dL

Front 46

High frequency of urination in the night is known as nocturia and the passage of a large volume of urine in a given time is called polyuria. Together, these reflect the symptoms of ____

Back 46

diabetes mellitus,

Front 47

The _____ is the narrowest part of the urethra and easily obstructed by urinary calculi.

Back 47

ureterovesical junction (UVJ)

Front 48

Parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormones, which help in the reabsorption of ____ into the body and the excretion of ____ in the urine.

Back 48

calcium

phosphate

Front 49

____ is part of a regular physical examination and is a primary means of assessing symptoms of decreased urinary stream, which often is caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia in men over 50 years of age.

Back 49

Digital rectal examination

Front 50

____ is characteristic of nephrotic syndrome , and a key nursing responsibility in the care of patients with the disease is close monitoring of abdominal girth, weights, and extremity size.

Back 50

Peripheral edema

Front 51

A patient who underwent bladder surgery 3 hours ago is receiving a continuous bladder irrigation. The nurse should increase the rate of the CBI for what type of return?

Back 51

Dark red - to prevent clotting

Front 52

A cystoscopy involves visualizing the interior of the bladder with a tubular lighted scope. The procedure may cause the urine to become pink in color due to procedure-related trauma, which is self-limiting and normal. However, ____color to the urine indicates major trauma and needs to be reported immediately.

Back 52

a bright red

Front 53

Facial edema, ascites, and groin pain are the specific manifestations observed in a patient with ____ system disorder.

Back 53

urinary

Front 54

For a quantitative (total) urine protein test, a ____ urine collection should be done.

Back 54

24-hour

Front 55

There should be no odor present in urine. If one is detected, the patient may have ____

Back 55

a urinary tract infection

Front 56

The nurse obtains a urine specimen from the patient early in the morning and sends it to the laboratory. The nurse is aware that the urine should be examined within one hour for accurate results. This is because of which of the following? Select all that apply. 3

Back 56

Red blood cells (RBCs) hemolyze

Bacteria multiply rapidly

Urine becomes more alkaline

Front 57

A renal biopsy is contraindicated in a patient with_____

Back 57

uncontrolled hypertension

Front 58

____ is one of the most common genetic diseases and genetic counseling should be suggested.

Back 58

PKD

Front 59

Because the kidneys are not effectively removing waste products, including electrolytes, an increased potassium level (hyperkalemia) of more than 5.0 mEq/L is common in acute renal failure and places the patient at risk for ____

Back 59

cardiac arrhythmias

Front 60

Ultrafiltration in peritoneal dialysis is achieved by _____of the dialysate with additional glucose.

Back 60

increasing the osmolality

Front 61

The best study to determine kidney function or CKD that would be expected in the patient with diabetes is the calculated ____ that is obtained from the patient's age, gender, race, and serum creatinine.

Back 61

GFR

Front 62

Acute urinary retention is a complication of urinary obstruction that is manifested by sudden and painful inability to urinate. The most appropriate action is to _____

Back 62

insert a catheter to drain the bladder.

Front 63

Normal WBC levels in urine are below ____, with levels exceeding this indicative of inflammation or urinary tract infection.

Back 63

5/hpf

Front 64

An elevated WBC count _____ indicates a bacterial infection.

Back 64

(>11,000 cells/µL)

Front 65

The nurse is attending to a patient with obstructing urinary calculi. The patient is treated with Tamsulosin (Flomax) to help ease passage of the stones. In addition, opioids are administered to relieve colic pain. What actions should the nurse perform to ensure treatment effectiveness and patient safety? Select all that apply.

3

Back 65

Strain all urine voided by the patient.

Encourage the patient to move.

Avoid letting the patient ambulate unattended.

Front 66

__2__ are high in calcium

Back 66

spinach and yogurt

milk especially

Front 67

The nurse prepares to discharge a patient who has a renal calculus. What is the most important instruction for the nurse to include in the patient's teaching?

Back 67

Strain all urine

Front 68

_____ is a potentially fatal complication of peritoneal dialysis, and thus it is imperative to teach the patient methods of preventing this from occurring by use of aseptic technique.

Back 68

Peritonitis

Front 69

When assessing a patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), which diagnostic tests should the nurse anticipate performing to rule out related conditions? Select all that apply.3

Back 69

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)

Serum creatinine levels

Urine analysis with culture

Front 70

The nurse is teaching the patient about transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) prior to the procedure. Which instruction is most appropriate for the nurse to include?

Back 70

This procedure is not appropriate for men with rectal problems.

Front 71

A patient with end-stage kidney disease is receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. The patient has a fever and the nurse suspects that it is due to peritonitis. What are the other manifestations that the nurse should monitor the patient for? Select all that apply. 3

Back 71

Cloudy peritoneal effluent

Abdominal pain

Vomiting

Front 72

The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic kidney disease who is undergoing hemodialysis. What is an appropriate diet for this patient?

Back 72

Low protein and low potassium

Front 73

A male patient is scheduled for transurethral resection of the prostate. Which question should the nurse ask to address the patient's concerns about sexual function after the surgery?

Back 73

"What are your concerns about how this surgery will affect your sex life?"

Front 74

When taking the medical history of a patient, which conditions should the nurse consider as risk factors for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)? Select all that apply.

Back 74

Physical inactivity

Alcohol consumption

Aging

Front 75

Urine output of 100 to 400 mL within 24 hours indicates _____

Back 75

severe dehydration.

Front 76

The nurse is performing the physical examination of a patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which finding is likely to be noted on palpation by digital rectal examination (DRE)?

Back 76

The prostate is symmetrically enlarged, firm, and smooth.

Front 77

The nurse is attending to a patient who is receiving hemodialysis for chronic kidney disease. The nurse understands that hemodialysis is associated with complications. Which complications should the nurse be observant for in the patient? Select all that apply.

Back 77

Hypotension

Hepatitis type B

Muscle cramps

Front 78

A patient with chronic kidney disease is advised to undergo peritoneal dialysis (PD). What advantages of PD over hemodialysis should the nurse explain to the patient? Select all that apply.3

Back 78

It is a simple procedure.

It is home-based.

Equipment setup is simple.