Motion Study And Work Design

Front 1

analysis of the basic hand, arm, and body movements of workers as they perform work

Back 1

Motion study

Front 2

design of the methods and motions used to perform a task Includes:

Workplace layout and environment Tooling and equipment used in the task

Back 2

Work design

Front 3

The Pyramidal Structure of Work

Back 3

Task

Work elements

Basic Motion Elements

Front 4

17 basic motion elements Basic building blocks of virtually all manual work performed at a single location Invented/refined by Frank and Lillian Gilbreth (1908 – 1924): “motion cycles”

Used to examine smallest of motions categorize motions Identify unnecessary / fatigue producing motions

Back 4

Therbligs

Front 5

Back 5

Therbligs

Front 6

Back 6

Abbreviation

Front 7

– reach for an object {icon shows an empty hand}

Back 7

Transport empty (TE)

Front 8

– grasp an object {icon suggesting by a hand poisedover an object, ready to grasp it}

Back 8

Grasp (G)

Front 9

– move an object with hand and arm {icon shows a handcupped,holding an object}

Back 9

Transport loaded (TL)

Front 10

– hold an object {icon suggested by a horseshoemagnet holding a bar}

Back 10

Hold (H)

Front 11

– release control of an object {icon suggested by a hand with an object poised to drop}

Back 11

Release load (RL)

Front 12

– manipulate a tool {icon is simple the letter U ---for Use}

Back 12

Use (U)

Front 13

– position object for next operation {icon suggests a bowling pin being placed into proper position}

Back 13

Pre-position (PP)

Front 14

– position object in defined location {icon suggests an object,such as a pen, being placed in the hand, ready to Use}

Back 14

Position (P)

Front 15

– join two parts {icon shows several items(lines) placed together}

Back 15

Assemble (A)

Front 16

– separate multiple parts that were previously joined {icon shows Assemble symbol with one part removed}

Back 16

Disassemble (DA)

Front 17

– attempt to find an object using eyes or hand {icon suggested by an eye turned, as if searching}

Back 17

Search (Sh)

Front 18

– choose among several objects in a group {icon suggested by an arrow aimed at an object, much the same as a computer cursor in form and intent}

Back 18

Select (St)

Front 19

– decide on an action {icon shows a worker with fingerson head, thinking}

Back 19

Plan (Pn)

Front 20

– determine quality of object {icon suggests a magnifying glass}

Back 20

Inspect (I)

Front 21

– waiting due to factors beyond worker control {icon suggested by a man bumping his nose unintentionally}

Back 21

Unavoidable delay (UD)

Front 22

– worker waiting {icon shows a workerintentionallylying down on the job}

Back 22

Avoidable delay (AD)

Front 23

– resting to overcome fatigue {icon shows a person resting in a seated position}

Back 23

Rest (R)

Front 24

Classification of Therbligs

Back 24

Effective Therbligs and Ineffective Therbligs

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Types of Therbligs

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1. Motions required for performing an operation

2. Motions that tend to slow down type 1 motion

3. Motions that do not performan operation

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Activities of two or more workers on group work

Relationship: operator’s activities and machine

Timing operation

Obtain time-motion data for time standards

Permanent record of method and time

Research (motion and time study)

Back 26

Micromotion Analysis

Front 27

Micromotion Analysis – Technique

Back 27

1. Filming operation

2. Analyzing the film

3. Charting the results

4. Developing an improved method