Module 9 And Module 10

Front 1

psychoactive drug

Back 1

a chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods

Front 2

tolerance

Back 2

the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug's effect

Front 3

withdrawal

Back 3

the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug

Front 4

physical dependence

Back 4

a physiological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued.

Front 5

psychological dependence

Back 5

a psychological need to use a drug, such as to relieve negative emotions

Front 6

addiction

Back 6

compulsive drug craving and use, despite adverse consequences

Front 7

depressants

Back 7

drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions

Front 8

barbiturates

Back 8

drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgment

Front 9

opiates

Back 9

opium and its derivatives such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety

Front 10

stimulants

Back 10

drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, and the more powerful amphetamines, cocaine, and Ecstasy) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions

Front 11

amphetamines

Back 11

drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes

Front 12

methamphetamine

Back 12

stimulant; euphoria, alertness energy; causes irritability, insomnia, hypertension, and seizures; a powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels

Front 13

Ecstasy (MDMA)

Back 13

a synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. Emotional elevation and dishinibition; causes deyhdrating, overheating, depressed mood, impaired cognitive and immune functioning; produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short-term health risks and longer-term harm to serotonin-producing neurons and to mood and cognition

Front 14

hallucinogens

Back 14

psychedelic ("mind manifesting") drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input

Front 15

LSD

Back 15

powerful hallucinogenic drug also known as acid (lysergic acid diethylamide

Front 16

THC

Back 16

the major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects including mild hallucinations

Front 17

near-death experience

Back 17

an altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death (such as through cardiac arrest); often similar to drug-induced hallucinations

Front 18

Alcohol

Back 18

depressant; initial high followed by relaxation and disinhibition; causes depression, memory loss, organ damage, impaired reactions

Front 19

Heroin

Back 19

depressant; rush of euphoria, relief from pain; causes depressed physiology, agonizing withdrawal

Front 20

Caffeine

Back 20

stimulant; increased alertness and wakefulness; causes anxiety, restlessness, and insomnia in high doses, uncomfortable withdrawal

Front 21

Cocaine

Back 21

stimulant; rush of euphoria, confidence, energy; causes cardiovascular stress, suspiciousness, depressive crash

Front 22

Nicotine

Back 22

stimulant; arousal and relaxation, sense of well-being; causes heart-disease and cancer

Front 23

Marijuana

Back 23

mild hallucinogen; enhanced sensation, relief of pain, distortion of time, relaxation; causes impaired learning and memory, increased risk of psychological disorders, and lung damage from smoke

Front 24

hypnosis

Back 24

a social interaction in which one person (the hypnotist) suggests to another (the subject) that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur

Front 25

posthypnotic suggestion

Back 25

a suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized; used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors

Front 26

dissociation

Back 26

a split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others

Front 27

biological influences of hypnosis

Back 27

distinctive brain activity; unconscious information processing

Front 28

psychological influences of hypnosis

Back 28

focused attention; expectations; heightened suggestibility; dissociation between normal sensations and conscious awareness

Front 29

social-cultural influences of hypnosis

Back 29

presence of an authoritative person in legitimate context; role-playing "good subject"