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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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There is need for reinforcement in order to establish learning. |
False (no need) |
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Learning is a cognitive process. |
True |
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Learning can occur with a change in behavior. |
False (without) |
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People can learn by observing the behavior of the others and the outcomes of those behaviors. |
True |
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Cognition plays a role in learning. |
True |
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Sign learning theory can be considered a bridge or a transition between behaviorist learning theories and cognitive learning theories. |
False (Social) |
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Contemporary theory proposes that both reinforcement and punishment have Direct effects on learning. |
False (indirect) |
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Bandura suggested that the environment also reinforces modeling. |
True |
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Modeling influences the frequency of previously learned behaviors. |
True |
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Modeling decreases the frequency of similar behaviors. |
False (increases) |
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Can be learned through models. a. Retention b. Agression c. Modeling |
B |
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The observer must be able to remember the behavior that has been observed. One way of increasing this is using the technique of rehearsal. a. Attention b. Retention c. Motor reproduction d. Motivation |
B |
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The person must pay attention to the model. a. Attention b. Retention c. Motor reproduction d. Motivation |
A |
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The final necessary ingredient for modeling to occur. Learners must want to demonstrate what they have learned. a. Attention b. Retention c. Motor reproduction d. Motivation |
D |
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The third condition is the ability to replicate the behavior that the model has just demonstrated. a. Attention b. Retention c. Motor reproduction d. Motivation |
C |
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All of the following are the four essential conditions except: a. Retention b. Attention c. Motor Reproduction d. Aggression e. Motivation |
D |
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Can be a person or action portrayed in some other medium, such as television, videotape, computer programs.
a. Live Model b. Symbolic Model c. IG model |
B |
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Actual person demonstrating the behavior. a. Live Model b. Symbolic Model c. IG model |
A |
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Neobehaviorism utilizes intervening variables, usually in the form of ___________, to help explain behavior. a. thoughts / cognitive processes b. fixed action patterns c. drives / physiological processes d. unconscious conflicts e. none of the above |
C |
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He proposed that behavior can influence both the environment and the person. a. John Watson b. Albert Bandura c. B.F Skinner |
B |
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As a result of being reinforced, people form ________ about the consequences that future behaviors are likely to bring. a. Expectations b. Recommendations c. Aggression |
A |
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All of the following are the three variables of Reciprocal Causation except: a. behavior b. attitude c. Person d. Environment |
B |
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All of the following are Tolman's Key concept except: a. Latent Learning b. Cognitive Maps c. The concept of intervening Variable d. Reciprocal Causation |
D |
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It is not essential for learning, although it provides an incentive for performance. a. Modeling b. Reinforcement c. Punishment |
B |
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All of the following are types of modeling except:a. IG model b. Symbolic Model c. Live Model |
A |
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Often linked between behaviorism and cognitive theory. |
Tolman’s Purposive Behaviorism |
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Docuses on the leaning that occurs within a social context. |
Social Learning theory |
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Tolman’s Purposive Behaviorism is also known as? |
Sign Learning theory |
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Considered the leading proponent of Social Learning theory. |
Albert Bandura |
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Learning that remains or stays with the individual until needed. Learning that is outwardly manifested at once. |
Latent Learning |
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Famous experiment on rats concluded that organism or individual to be exact learned the location and will select the shortest or easiest path to achieve goal. |
Cognitive Maps |
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This where the model is reinforced for a response and then the observer shows an increase in that same response. |
Vicarious Reinforcement |
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Proposes that both reinforcement and punishment have indirect effects on learning. |
Contemporary theory |
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Many behaviors can be learned, at least partly, through. |
Modeling |
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Students often learn a great deal simply by? |
Observing |
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Research indicates that children become more aggressive when they observed. |
Aggressive/Violent models |
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The imitated behavior itself leads to |
Reinforcing consequences |
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Moral thinking and _______ are influenced by observation and modeling. |
Moral behavior |
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What are the three types of reciprocal causation? |
person, behavior, environment |
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Refers to this exact situation where two events influence each other simultaneously. |
Reciprocal Causation |
