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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
social psychology
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the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another
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attribution theory
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the theory that we explain someone's behavior by crediting either the situation or the person's disposition
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fundamental attribution error
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the tendency for observers, when analyzing another's behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition
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attitude
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feelings, often influenced by our beliefs, that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events
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central route to persuasion
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occurs when interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts
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peripheral route to persuasion
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occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues, such as a speaker's attractiveness
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foot-in-the-door phenomenon
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the tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request
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role
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set of expectations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave
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cognitive dissonance theory
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the theory that we act to reduce the discomfort (dissonance) we feel when two of our thoughts (cognitions) are inconsistent
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conformity
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adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard
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normative social influence
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influence resulting from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval
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informational social influence
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influence resulting from one's willingness to accept others' opinions about reality
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social facilitation
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stronger responses on simple well-learned tasks in the presence of others
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social loafing
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the tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable
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deindividualization
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the loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity
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group polarization
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the enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group
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groupthink
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the mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives
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