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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who established city-state?
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Greeks established - adopted many types of government
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Where was the largest/most powerful city/state in Greece?
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Athens
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Define government.
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a system for controlling the society
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define aristocracy.
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a government ruled by small groups of noble land-owning families
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what was Solon responsible for?
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Outlawing slavery based on debt and cancelled the farmers debt. This enabled Athens to avoid revolution.
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what was Cliesthenes responsible for?
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he was the founder of democracy in Athens and created the Council of 500
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What was Pericles responsible for?
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he was responsible for increasing the number of paid public officials and paying jurors - this revolved into a direct democracy
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How is Direct Democracy different from Republic?
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In direct democracy, citizens rule and make laws rather than through representatives as in the republic.
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define direct democracy.
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state ruled by its citizens. citizens rule and make laws by majority rule
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define republic.
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form of governemtn where citizens elect the leaders who make governmental decisions.
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What is the % of Athenians that were citizens?
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1/10 of the population were citizens in 594BC and 1/5 in 508BC.
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4 classes of citizenship - Who can do what?
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only citizen of the 3 higher classes were able to hold public office (based on wealth rather than heredity) and the lower class could vote in the assembly
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What was the Justian code?
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it was a uniform legal code for "New Rome". A guide on legal matters and helped establish the idea of a government of laws not man.
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What was Rome's greatest legacy?
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it was its written legal code and the idea that this code should be applied equally and impartially to all citizens.
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What was Greece's legacy
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a set of lasting standards in government and philosophy, natural laws, developed direct democracy and developed 3 branches of government.
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Define Judiasm.
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a religion of the Israelites and Jews. They believed that God commanded people to live moral lives.
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What was the Torah?
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The first five books of the Hebrew bible.
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Who was the "father of the Hebrew"?
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Abraham
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Who was Paul?
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an apostle who declared Christianity was a univeral religion and preached equality of all human beings.
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Define Prophets.
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leaders and teachers who were believed by the Jews to be messengers from God
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define Christianity.
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the name of the religion founded by Jesus and was derived from the name Christ
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What was Henry II's greatest development?
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he developed the jury trial as a means of administering royal justice
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What was the Magna Carta?
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Basically a contract between the King and Nobles of England. The principle was that all must obey the law, even the King
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Why was the Magna Carta created?
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King wanted to raise taxes to fund the war and this created conflict between the King and nobles. The contract was created to guarantee certain traditional political rights and show respect for individual rights and liberties.
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Define Common Law
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it is customs & principles established over time - a basis of the legal systems in many English-speaking countries
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What is Parliament?
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Englands national legislature
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What is "power of the purse"
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basically means that Parliament has the right to approve certain expenses
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define Divine Right.
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that the Kings power came from God
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What was the House of Lords?
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where the upper house of Parliament met. (Nobles and Bishops only)
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What was the House of Commons?
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where the lower house of Parliament met. (Knights and Burgesses only)
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What was Model Parliament
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a famous gathering of the nobles and common people to show that "what affects all, by all should be approved". They also voted on taxes and helped make reforms
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Who was Sacrates greates pupil?
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Plato
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What was Plato's famous work?
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"The Republic". about his vision of a perfect governed society - he wanted society governed by the wisest whom he called philosopher-kings.
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Who was Plato's student?
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Aristotle.
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