Modern English History Final

Front 1

Lloyd George

Back 1

1916-1922: elected after the Versailles Treaty. “man who won the war”. 1918 ran as a coalition candidate NOT a liberal and won the election

Front 2

British Battalion

Back 2

16th battalion of the International Brigades during the Spanish Civil War. 1936-1938 when it was then withdrawn into reserve.

Front 3

Battle of Britain-

Back 3

war during the summer of 1940. 600 bombers from Nazi Germany were sent to gain superiority over the RAF targeted Port of London. PM was Churchill. First major campaign to be fought entirely by air force. Germanys plan was Operation Sealion.

Front 4

Suez Crisis

Back 4

military attack on Egypt by Britain, France, and Israel beginning in 1956. The attack followed Egypt’s decision to nationalize the Suez Canal after the withdrawn offer by Britain and the US to fund the building of the Aswan Dam. Was resolved after Eden’s decisions to withdraw all paratroopers.

Front 5

New Labour

Back 5

PM Blaire moved Labour party farther right to increase appeal to "middle england". Removed socialist clause

Front 6

The “troubles”

Back 6

• violence in N. Ireland vs protestants and catholics over the issue of political and economic control. S Ireland was freed, but N. Ireland was still under UK rule. Bloody Sunday 1970s’ where british paratroopers killed civilians. IRA involvement- bobby sands- hunger strike. Unrest and upset.
• Tony blaire resolved this with an agreement and put an end into the troubles.

Front 7

Ted Heath

Back 7

PM 50's. Conservative. Was known as the PM who took Britain into the EEC.

Front 8

H.H. Asquith

Back 8

Liberal PM (during WWI). 1908-1916. Longest serving PM of 1900's until surpassed by Thatcher. major social changes in the National Insurance and pensions.

Front 9

Wilfrid Own

Back 9

poet and soldier. Leading poet of WWI. Wrote about real experiences from the war. Dies at the Battle of Sambre just a week before the war ended. Ex: “Dulce et Decorum Est”

Front 10

Ramsay MacDonald

Back 10

leader of the Labour party until 1914. Very impressive leader, but not an impressive man. Depended on the liberals for support. Served on the cabinet for 9 months.

Front 11

Ramsay MacDonald

Back 11

1st Labour PM. 1924. 1st govt was only 1 year. Back in power 1929. dealt with great depression. 1931 he formed "national government". expelled from LP due to "betrayal"

Front 12

Zinoviev Letter

Back 12

a 1924 letter that was sent from Zinoviev and MacManus to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Great Britain. It claimed to advocate Communist agitation in Britain including the armed forces. MacDonald tried to cast doubt on the letter was shattered by its widespread acceptance among govnt officials.
Conservatives used this to win the election of 1924, removing the labor party

Front 13

Stanley Baldwin

Back 13

a British Conservative politician. Served 3 yrs as PM of the UK. Created the Organization for the Maintenance of Supplies. Had a controversy with MacDonald but soon surpassed him. Also was there with the signing of the Govnt of India Act in 1935.

Front 14

General Strike

Back 14

a strike action by a critical mass of the labour force in a city, region, etc. Tends to be from ideological or class sympathies of the participants. Ex: Textile workers strike in 1934.

Front 15

National Government

Back 15

in the UK it is an abstract sense used to refer to a coalition of some or all UK major political parties. In a historical sense it usually refers to the govnts of MacDonald and Churchill.
• Macdonald was not effective in leading his labor party, which was a minority.

MULTIPLE PARTIES

Front 16

John Maynard Keynes

Back 16

believed that government spending would boost the economy. Advocated interventionist government policy. British economist. Developed Keynesian economics based on his theories. Very unpopular in parliament.

Front 17

Dunkirk

Back 17

rescued members of the allied forces from Dunkirk and Churchill led a rescue mission. Hitler had pushed the British army to the sea when 100’s of boats came to their rescue. MAY 1940

Front 18

Munich

Back 18

taken over in 1938. Was where Chamberlain annexed Czech into greater Germany in the hopes of appeasing the Third Reich’s desires. Munich agreements bearing Hitlers changes were drafted here.

Front 19

The Beatles

Back 19

marked the arrival of the British Invasion when they arrived in the US. Came from Liverpool and formed a group in 1960. They’re growing social awareness influence extended into social and cultural revolutions.

Front 20

Gordon Brown

Back 20

became PM of UK in 2007 after the resignation of Tony Blair and 3 days after becoming the leader of the Labour Party. As chancellor he contributed to a major reform of Britain’s monetary and fiscal policy, transferring interest rate setting powers to the bank of England. Most controversial moves were the abolition of Advance Corporation Tax and removal of a 10p tax rate.

Front 21

The “blitz”

Back 21

a peoples war. Bombing of Britain by Nazi Germany in 1940 during WWII. Began in London and other cities for 57 consecutive nights. The goal was to demoralize the British into surrendering.

Front 22

D-Day

Back 22

June 6 1944 160000 allied troops landed along the French coastline to fight Nazi Germany on the beaches of Normandy. Eisenhower called the operation a crusade. There were also to be an air assault landing of British, American and Canadian airborne troops.

Front 23

Nationalization

Back 23

alterations or assumption of control or ownership of private property by the state. Accompanies the implementation of communist or socialist theories of govnt.

Front 24

Sir Stafford Cripps

Back 24

British Labour politician and Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1947-1950. Was ambassador to the Soviet Union under Churchill during WWII. Appointed member of the War Cabinet, Lord Privy Seal, Minister of Aircraft Production and Leader in the House of Commons. “Cripps mission” to India.

Front 25

Mohandas K. Gandhi

Back 25

prominent political and spiritual leader of India and the Indian independence movement. He led India to independence, inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world, and employed non-violent civil disobedience in South Africa. Assumed leadership of the Indian National Congress in 1921.

Front 26

“Iron Curtain”

Back 26

term used to describe the boundary that separated the Warsaw Pact countries from the NATO from 1945 until the end of the Cold War in 1991. Was both a physical and an ideological division that represented the Europe was viewed after WWII.

Front 27

Vic Wilcox NW

Back 27

proud of his achievements, believes in British Industry, favorite motto is that there is no such thing as free lunch, manager of an engineering firm, loves jazz music, and has a aggressive manner

Front 28

Robyn Penrose NW

Back 28

came from an academic background, doesn’t want her body to be an object of sexual attention, Charles girlfriend, and a lecturer at the University of Rummidge.

Front 29

Charles NW

Back 29

Robyn’s boyfriend from their days at Sussex, Lecturer in the Comparative Literature Dep at the Univ of Suffolk but resigns to be a banker.

Front 30

Philip Swallow NW

Back 30

Professor at University. Boss of Robyn. Deaf.

Front 31

NW Charcters

Back 31

Vic Wilcox,Robyn Penrose,Charles,Philip Swallow,Brian Everthorpe

Front 32

Look Back in Anger Characters

Back 32

Jimmy,Helena,Cliff,Allison,

Front 33

Helena

Back 33

Alison’s friend, middle class women, actress who comes to stay with them, hooks up with Jimmy, and after Alison returns she realizes her affair with him was bad and leaves

Front 34

Cliff

Back 34

Jimmy’s friend and partner in the candy stall business, poorly educated, working class, and genuinely loves

Front 35

Allison

Back 35

married to Jimmy, upper middle class, returns to her parents to get away from the bad relationship she has with Jimmy, and after her miscarriage she returns and takes him back

Front 36

Jimmy

Back 36

very angry, thinks he is smarter then all the rest, and resents Alison’s parents and their social standing.

Front 37

Harold MacMillan

Back 37

Conservative PM 57-63. Restored US relations, decolonized Africa, ended National service and pioneered the Nuclear Test Ban with the USSR. He disclosed US nuclear secrets to France and led france to veto the UK’s entry into the EEC.

Front 38

John Major

Back 38

PM of the UK and leader of the conservative party during 1990-1997. Served during the Cold War. Persuaded Bush to support no-fly zones. Began the “back to basics” campaign. Worked as a cabinet minister under Margaret Thatcher before PM.

Front 39

Harold Wilson

Back 39

. PM 1964-1970 and 1974-1976. Big in later part of 1900s. Worked in the Civil Service and social issues. "man of the people"

Front 40

Devolution

Back 40

transference of powers to another especially the surrender of powers to local authorities by a central govnt.

Front 41

Anthony Eden

Back 41

succeeded Churchill as PM. Was compared to MacDonald. “Man who stood up to dictators”. British conservative politician. Involved in the Suez Crisis and the disagreements between Nasser.

Front 42

EEC

Back 42

European Economic Community. International organization created in 1957 to bring about economic integration between states.

Front 43

The British Invasion

Back 43

used to descried rock and roll performers from the UK who became popular in the US from 1964-1966.

Front 44

James Callaghan

Back 44

Labour PM 1976-1979. LP leader +1. Only person to have served in all four of the Great Offices of State. When Chancellor of the Exchequer he created controversy by introducing corporation tax and selective employment tax.

Front 45

Commonwealth

Back 45

common well being”. Meant a state or nation-state was governed for the common good as opposed to an authoritarian state governed for the benefit of a given class of owners.

Front 46

Beveridge Report

Back 46

was the report of the Inter-Departmental Committee on Social Insurance and Allied Services chaired by William Beveridge, an economist. Contained proposals for the future, info on social insurance, and policies of social security.

Front 47

Battle of the Falklands/Malvinas

Back 47

1982 btwn Argentina and the UK over the disputed Falkland Islands. Argentina surrendered June 1982, a 74 day war. The conflict was the result of a protracted diplomatic confrontation regarding the sovereignty of the islands.