Modern Architecture Quiz One

Front 1

Acanthus

Back 1

a conventionalized representation of an acanthus leaf, used especially as a decoration for Corinthian column capitals.

Front 2

Architrave

Back 2

a main beam resting across the tops of columns, specifically the lower third entablature.

Front 3

Capital

Back 3

forms the topmost member of a column (or a pilaster). It mediates between the column and the load thrusting down upon it, broadening the area of the column's supporting surface.

Front 4

Colossal Order

Back 4

an order whose columns or pilasters span two (or more) stories. At the same time, smaller orders may feature in arcades or window and door framings within the stories that are embraced by the giant order.

Front 5

Cornice

Back 5

the crowning element of a Classical entablature or the crowning projecting set of moldings along the top of a building or wall.

Front 6

Entasis

Back 6

a slight convex curve in the shaft of a column, introduced to correct the visual illusion of concavity produced by a straight shaft.

Front 7

Ionic (order)

Back 7

1 relating to or denoting a classical order of architecture characterized by a column with scroll shapes (volutes) on either side of the capital.

Front 8

Pendentive

Back 8

curved triangle of vaulting formed by the intersection of a dome with its supporting arches.

Front 9

Post and Lintel

Back 9

is a building system where strong horizontal elements are held up by strong vertical elements with large spaces between them.

Front 10

Terracotta

Back 10

unglazed, typically brownish-red earthenware, used chiefly as an ornamental building material and in modeling.

Front 11

In antis

Back 11

noting or pertaining to a classical temple in which the antae extend to form the sides of a recessed portico, which has a row of columns. noting or pertaining to the row of columns or the portico in such a building.

Front 12

Base

Back 12

the lower part of a wall, pier, or column considered as a separatearchitectural feature

Front 13

Cast Iron

Back 13

a hard, relatively brittle alloy of iron and carbon that can be readily cast in a mold and contains a higher proportion of carbon than steel

Front 14

Column

Back 14

an upright pillar, typically cylindrical and made of stone or concrete, supporting an entablature, arch, or other structure or standing alone as a monument.

Front 15

Dome

Back 15

a rounded vault forming the roof of a building or structure, typically with a circular base.

Front 16

facade

Back 16

the face of a building, especially the principal front that looks onto a street or open space.

Front 17

Nave

Back 17

In Romanesque and Gothic Christian abbey, cathedral, basilica and church architecture, the nave /ˈneɪv/ is the main body of the church. It provides the central approach to the high altar.

Front 18

Pilaster

Back 18

a rectangular column, especially one projecting from a wall.

Front 19

Pylon

Back 19

an upright structure that is used for support or for navigational guidance, in particular.

Front 20

volute

Back 20

a spiral scroll characteristic of Ionic capitals and also used in Corinthian and composite capitals

Front 21

arcade

Back 21

a covered passageway with arches along one or both sides.

Front 22

bracket

Back 22

A bracket is an architectural element: a structural or decorative member. It can be made of wood, stone, plaster, metal, or other mediums. It projects from a wall, usually to carry weight and sometimes to "...strengthen an angle". A corbel and console are types of brackets.

Front 23

clerestory

Back 23

the upper part of the nave, choir, and transepts of a large church, containing a series of windows. It is clear of the roofs of the aisles and admits light to the central parts of the building

Front 24

concrete

Back 24

a heavy, rough building material made from a mixture of broken stone or gravel, sand, cement, and water, that can be spread or poured into molds and that forms a stonelike mass on hardening.

Front 25

Doric

Back 25

elating to or denoting a classical order of architecture characterized by a sturdy fluted column and a thick square abacus resting on a rounded molding

Front 26

gable

Back 26

the part of a wall that encloses the end of a pitched roof.

Front 27

Palazzo

Back 27

a palatial building, especially in Italy.

Front 28

Podium

Back 28

any of various elements that form the “foot,” or base, of a structure, such as a raised pedestal or base, a low wall supporting columns, or the structurally or decoratively emphasized lowest portion of a wall.

Front 29

Rustication

Back 29

in architecture, type of decorative masonry achieved by cutting back the edges of stones to a plane surface while leaving the central portion of the face either rough or projecting markedly. Rustication provides a rich and bold surface for exterior masonry walls.

Front 30

Voussoir

Back 30

a wedge-shaped or tapered stone used to construct an arch.

Front 31

Arch

Back 31

a curved masonry construction for spanning an opening, consisting of a number of wedgelike stones, bricks, or the like, set with the narrower side toward the opening in such a way that forces on the arch are transmitted as vertical or oblique stresses on either side of the opening.

Front 32

Buttress

Back 32

exterior support, usually of masonry, projecting from the face of a wall and serving either to strengthen it or to resist the side thrust created by the load on an arch or a roof.

Front 33

Colonnade

Back 33

denotes a long sequence of columns joined by their entablature, often free-standing, or part of a building. Paired or multiple pairs of columns are normally employed in acolonnade which can be straight or curved.

Front 34

Corinthian (order)

Back 34

is the last developed of the three principal classical orders of ancient Greek and Roman architecture. The other two are the Doric order which was the earliest, followed by the Ionicorder.

Front 35

entablature

Back 35

a horizontal, continuous lintel on a classical building supported by columns or a wall, comprising the architrave, frieze, and cornice.

Front 36

hotel (french)

Back 36

an establishment providing accommodations, meals, and other services for travelers and tourists.

Front 37

Pediment

Back 37

the triangular upper part of the front of a building in classical style, typically surmounting a portico of columns.

Front 38

Portico

Back 38

a structure consisting of a roof supported by columns at regular intervals, typically attached as a porch to a building.

Front 39

Shaft

Back 39

parts of column. in order (architecture) The shaft, which rests upon the base, is a long, narrow, vertical cylinder that in some orders is articulated with fluting (vertical grooves). The shaft may also taper inward slightly so that it is wider at the bottom than at the top. shaft.

Front 40

Wrought Iron

Back 40

a tough, malleable form of iron suitable for forging or rolling rather than casting, obtained by puddling pig iron while molten. It is nearly pure but contains some slag in the form of filaments.