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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pancytopenia Mnemonic #1
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"Impaired marrow Produces Some Big Cells"
Infection [EBV] Myelodysplasia / Myxoedema PNH SLE B12/Folate deficiency Cytotoxics |
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Pancytopenia Mnemonic #2
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"My Spleen injures Cells"
Marrow Infiltration Spleen {hypersplenism} Idiopathic Congenital |
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Blood urea: Creatinine Ratio
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Urea/Creatinine {mmol/L}
>100 = 1. Sepsis 2. UGIB {>200} 3. Dehydration 4. CCF |
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Delta Ratio
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Increase in Anion Gap / Decrease in HCO3
< 0.4 = hyperchloraemic NAGMA 0.4 - 0.8 = Combined HAGMA and NAHMA 1-1 = uncomplicated HAGMA >2 = Pre existing disturbance { Metabolic alkalosis ; Respiratory acidosis } |
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Respiratory Alkalosis
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"CHAMPS"
CNS Disease Hypoxia Anxiety Mechanical ventilators Progesterone {pregnancy} Salicylates / Sepsis |
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Metabolic Alkalosis
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"CLEVER PD"
Contraction Licorice Endocrine [ Cushings's / Conn's / Barrter's ] Vomiting ** / NG suction Excess Alkali Refeeding alkalosis Post hypercapnia Diurestics ** |
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Acute Respiratory Acidosis
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[Anything that causes hypoventilation]
CNS depression [ drugs / CVA] Airway Obstruction Pneumonia Pulmonary oedema Haemo/pneumothorax Myopathy |
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Normal Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis [NAGMA]
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"HARDUPS"
Hyperalimentation Acetazolamide RTA ** [Renal Tubular Acidosis] Diarrhoea ** Uretero-pelvic shunt Post-hypocapnia Spironolactone |
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Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis {HAGMA}
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"MUDPILES"
Methanol - metformin Uraemia DKA / Alcoholic KA Paraldehyde Isoniazid / Iron Lactic acidosis Ethanol / Ethylene Glycol Renal failure / Rhabdomyolysis Salicylates |
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Compensation for Metabolic Alkalosis {Failure of compensation}
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PCO2 should be > 40 and < 55
Last 2 digits of pH = expected PCO2 outside this = additional disorder Higher = additional RAc. Lower = Additional RAlk |
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Compensation for metabolic acidosis
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Expected PCO2 {Winter's Formula}
= 1.5 x HCO3 + 8 +/- 2 too high = additional RAc too low = additional RAlk |
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Corrected Bicarbonate
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= Anion Gap - 12 + serum HCO3
Corrected HCO3 > 30 = underlying metabolic Alkalosis Corrected Bicarbonate < 23 = underlying NAGMA |
