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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 3 pluripotent hematopoeitic cells and what cells do they result in?
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Lymphoid: B, T and NK
Myeloid: -Granulocytes: neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils -Monocytes: dendritic cells, mast cells, macrophages |
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How is the spleen related to immune system?
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NOT BY LYMPH VESSELS
only hooked up to blood vessels |
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C5 convertase is
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C3bBbC3b
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What is the area of the MALT that is between epithelium and vessels?
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Lamina propria
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Which MHC class has 3 alpha units?
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MHC1
binds to peptide in ER by first binding to calnexin, then it recruits the B2 microglobulin. Then the peptide loading complex. peptides enter though TAP MHC has polymophic allels ABC |
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Which MHC classes to CD8 and CD4 T cells bind to?
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CD4: MHC2
CD8: MHC1 |
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describe the areas of the lymphoid organ?
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The outer is the cortex, middle is paracortex and inside in the medulla.
Germinal centers exist in the cortex, specifically the B-cell area. |
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Do macrophages display TLRs?
Do resting lymphocytes have a large single nucleus with little cytoplasm? |
Yes and yes.
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Heart disease is correlated with a ... in CRP
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C-reactive protein is a pro-inflammaory so and increase in this would lead to disease
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Do Peyers patches have germinal centers? B and T cell areas?
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Yes, both germinal centers and T and B cell areas.
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Lymphatic vessels from intestinal tissue drains into the ...
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mesenteric lymph nodes
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What can epithelial cells secrete?
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Anti-microbial substances called defensins. Also inflammatory cytokines such as IL1 and IL6
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If a WBC count comes back 18,750/uL and if a differential test displays 82% neutrophils, 15% lymphocytes, 3% monocytes, and 0% eosinophils, is there anything wrong?
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Yes. abnormal WBC and abnormal differential results.
Normal: neutrophil: 40-75 eosinophil: 1-6 monocyte: 2-10 lymphocyte: 20-50 |
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What might it mean if a baby's umbilical cord does not heal right away?
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It could be a deficiency in the LFA in the neutrophils. This would prevent neutrophils from tight binding to the blood vessel wall at the site of infection. It cannot make strong enough bonds to stop and perform diapedesis. Neutrophils accumulate in the blood and do not make it to the tissue.
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What do DAF and MCP do?
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regulatory proteins found on human cells that disrupt the molecule C3bBb
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The TLR pathway using the adaptor protein MyD88 leads to synthesis of
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cytokins: TNFalpha
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What events occur in activated T cells but no naive?
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Both Il2 secretion and high affinity IL2 receptor synthesis
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What is required for the activation of naive T cells?
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MHC2 on APC and B7 expression on APC.
Does not require CD40 |
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T/F: Signal transducion for BCR is through CD40
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FALSE!
It is through CD3+zeta chains. Co receptor for BCR inclues complement receptors Coreceptors for TCr is CD4/CD8 |
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How does a B cell develop?
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VDJ one try for each chromosome. After a productive VDJ rearrangment, the kappa light chain is rearranged on the first chromosome.
After a productive VJ rearrangement, the cell expresses Ig on surface. |
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What occurs in the germinal center?
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Isotype switching and affinity maturation.
NOT ALLEIC EXCLUSION |
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CD8 activation by mature dendritic cell does not require CD4 help b/c
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Constantly expressing strong co-stimulatory signal: B7
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What is the purpose of:
B7 IL2 CD40 |
B7: co stimulatory molecule, needed to activate naive T cells. B7 binds to CD28
IL2: synthesized by TH1 cells to activate macrophages CD40:CD40L : help CD4 cells activate B cells and macrophages |
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How does the expression of CD4/8 work in T cell development?
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double negative
double positive single positive |
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the AIRE complex is ...
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an autoimmune regulator that expresses proteins that are expressed in peripheral tissue
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Somatic recombination happens in...
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Ig
NOT MHC |
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MHC binds to
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peptides. NOT polysaccharides
only MHC2 can bind to a BCR |
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When is the invariant chain used?
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only in MHC2
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What developmental process is required/associated with the following?
-V region assembly -Expression of both mIgM and mIgD -Synthesis chanes from mIg to secreted Ab -Results in synthesis of IgG with high affinity -Requires RAG enzymes -Requires AID |
-Somatic recombination in germline DNA
-RNA splicing/processing -RNA splicing/processing -Somatic hypermutation -Somatic recombination in germline DNA -Somatic hypermutation |
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On an Ig, which side is C-terminal and which is N-terminal?
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N terminal at the antigen binding site
C terminal at the transmemrane anchor |
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what does an MLR measure?
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It measure proliferation of T cell A in response to foreign B. Mix twins blood and get minimal. Radioactive thymadine take up
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