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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Relative Centrifugal Force
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RCF=Krn^2
K=1.118x10^-5 r=radius n=speed |
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% solutions (%w/v, %v/v)
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%w/v=g/100ml
%v/v=ml/100ml |
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hydrated chemical
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GMW of pure chemical/GMW of hydrated chemical=Weight required/x
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Microscope resolution(R)
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R=1.2w/2NA
Na=numerical aperature of the lens w=wavelength |
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Refractive index of glass
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index=speed of light in air/speed of light in glass
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specific gravity
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1.g/mLx%=g/mL of pure chemical
2.mol/L=molar calculations for pure chemical concentration 3. v1c1=v2c2 |
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Transmittance(T) ratio
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Tratio=I/Io
I=intensity of transmitted light Io=intensity of incident light |
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%Transmittance
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%T=Tx100 or I/Iox100
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Absorbance
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A=2-log%T
or %T=antilog(2-A) |
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Beer/Lamberts law
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A=abc
A=absorbance a=absorptivity b=light path expressed in cm c=concentration of absorbing compound(g/L) A=ebc e=molar absorptivity(l/molcm) c=(mol/L) |
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Calculation based on one standard
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Au/As=Cu/Cs
A=absorbance C=concentration u=unknown s=standard |
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pH
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pH=-log(H)
POH=-log(OH) |
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Henderson-Hasselbach equation
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pH=pka+log(HCO3/H2CO3)
pH=7.4(normal) if not given pka=6.10 H2CO3=0.0306xPCO2 (if not given) |
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Carbonic acid (H2CO3)
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H2CO3=pCO2x0.031
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Anion Gap
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AG=Na-(Cl+TCO2)
or AG=(K+Na)-(Cl+TCO2) |
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Corrected Calcium
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CC=Total calcium+0.02(40-Albumin)
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Creatinine Clearance
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CC=(UxV)/P x 1/t x 1.73/BSA
U=urine creatinine V=volume(mL) P=plasma creatinine t=time(s) BSA=body surface area 1.73=average BSA |
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Creatinine Height Index
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CHI=PC/CCx100
PC=patient creatinine/24h CC=control creatinine/24h |
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Microalbumin Creatinine Ratio
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Albumin/Creatinine = (mg/L)
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24 hour Urine (g/day)
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(g/day)= VxTP/1000mL
V=volume(24h) TP=total protein(24h) |
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Substrate concentration using enzyme reagents
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mmol/L=T^A x TV/SV x 1000(mmol/mol)/(exb)
T^A=total change in absorbance TV=total volume SV= sample volume e=molar absorptivity b=cuvette size |
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Calculation of enzyme activity
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U/L=^A/^T x TV/SV x 1x10^6(umol/mol)/(exb)
^A=change in absorbance ^T=change in time TV=total volume SV= sample volume e=molar absorptivity b=cuvette size |
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Immunoinhibition (CKMB%)
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CKMB(%)=CKMB(U/L)/Total CK(U/L)x100
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Mass measurement CKMB
(Relative index%) |
Relative index%=CKMB(ug/)/Total CK(U/L)x100
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Friedwald Formula
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LDL=Total cholesterol-HDL-VLDL
VLDL=triglyceride/2.2 ratio=total cholesterol/HDL or LDL/HDL |
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Conversion of whole blood glucose to plasma glucose
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plasma glucose=1.1xwhole blood glucose result
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coefficient of variation
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%CV=std dev/x x 100
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Osmolality (calculated)
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mOsm/kgH2O=1.86(Na)+Glucose+Urea+9
1.86= the osmotic coefficient of NaCl |
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Osmolar gap
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Measured osmolality-calculated osmolality=gap
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TCO2
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TCO2=HCO3+(pCO2X0.031)
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