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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define alloy
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a solid mixture of two or more metals where one metal is dissolved in another
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How are large crystals formed?
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Magma cooling deep inside the earth cools slowly which leads to large crystals. |
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What is an open pit mine?
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a huge pit that is used to remove ore
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density
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each mineral has its own characteristic density
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define smelting
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the melting of ore to separate metal from other elements
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How does a strip mine work?
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strips of the earth are taken away by a huge piece of equipment exposing the ore underneath
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define gemstones
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hard, colorful minerals with a brilliant or glassy luster
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How are smaller crystals formed?
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Magma which cools close to the surface cools more quickly which makes smaller crystals.
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define fracture
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the way a mineral looks when it breaks apart
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How are minerals formed by evaporation?
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water evaporates from a solution leaving crystals of minerals
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define luster
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this describes how a mineral reflects light from its surface
Terms to describe luster include waxy, glassy, earthy, pearly, bright, metallic |
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When does a gemstone become a gem?
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When it is cut and polished it is called a gem. Gems are used for jewelry, decorating, mechanical parts, and for grinding and polishing.
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define metals
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minerals such as aluminum, iron, copper, or silver which are both ductile and malleable
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special properties
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fluorescence
radioactive magnetic electrical |
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Where are minerals found?
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in different types of rock, other minerals are found near volcanoes and mountains. Copper deposits are found along the Andes Mountains
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types of fracture
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shell shaped, hackly,(copper and iron), earthy, (like clay)
uneven (with rough surfaces) |
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define streak
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the color of the powder left by a mineral if it is rubbed against a hard surface like a tile, works well with soft minerals, hard minerals do not have a streak
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What is an ore?
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a rock that has a metal or other useful mineral in it
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Why is color not a reliable test?
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some minerals have many colors, malachite is always green and azure is always blue
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How do minerals form along the mid-ocean ridge?
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water heated by magma dissolves minerals, the hot water rushes up the chimneys out onto the land, as the water cools the minerals crystallize
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How are minerals used?
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foods, medicines, fertilizers, and building materials
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hardness test
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The Mohs hardness scale ranks ten minerals from softest to hardest, a mineral can scratch any mineral that is softer than itself but will be scratched by a mineral that is harder.
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