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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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During the microscopic exam, almost all constituents must not only be identified, but they also be?
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enumerated. either per lph or hpf |
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How are most sediments are examined?
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bright - field microscopy |
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bright field method is acceptable most of the time, but many of the components of the sediment have a refractive index close to that of the urine and are difficult to view without? |
phase - contrast microscopy |
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Labs purchase QC materials that not only check the reactions of the dipsticks, but also?
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can be centrifuged and commonly seen urinary sediments observed |
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"Normal" amounts of commonly encountered sediment include
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0 - 5 wbcs/hpf 0 - 2 hyaline casts/lpf |
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What are some reasons that RBCs appear in urine? |
2. bleeding within the genitourinary tract menstrual contamination |
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What color is RBCs and how big are they in diamters?
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6 - 8 microns |
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Cells may appear crenated in what kind of urine? |
concentrated urine
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In dilute urine, the cells may do what?
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swell & rupture releasing the hemo - globin |
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What are the empty cellular membranes called? |
Ghost cells
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What is Pyuria refer to?
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Presence of white cells in urine
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An increase of WBCs can indicate
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UTI |
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What is often observed in UTIs? |
WBC clumps & bacteria |
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What size are WBCs? |
12 microns in diameter |
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Dilute alkaline urine can produce what are known as?
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the glitter is due to Brownian movement of the granules within the cells |
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What are the three types of epithelial cells that are found in urine? |
2. clue cells 3. transitional epithelial cells |
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Squamous epithelial Cells |
these cells have an irregular outline and a centrally located nucleus that is approximately the same size as an rbc |
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