Microbiology Ucf White Test 1

Front 1

Phycology

Back 1

Study of Algae

Front 2

Mycology

Back 2

Study of fungi (includes molds and yeasts)

Front 3

Virology

Back 3

Study of viruses, viroids, and prions

Front 4

Epidemiology

Back 4

Study of how diseases spread

Front 5

Spanish Flu

Back 5

1918-1919

Worldwide

Killed 50 mill

Front 6

Small Pox

Back 6

Eradicated in 1977

Brought to New World by Spanish, Aztecs particularly susceptible

Category A Biological Warfare agent

Easily spread: contact or aerosol

Killed 10 mill

Front 7

The Black Plague

Back 7

1346-1350

Antibiotics control this now

Rats on lines to ship docks caused this

Killed 25 mill

Front 8

Antigenic Drift

Back 8

Variation in viruses from mutations in the genes that code for antibody-binding sites

Front 9

Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (HVF) Viruses

Back 9

BSL-4

- Hantavirus in 1993

- Ebola, 67% mortality rate

Front 10

Bioremediation examples

Back 10

Degrade oil in spills

Degrade polychlorinated biphenyls in pesticides

Degrade trichloroethylene in dry cleaners

Reduce Uranium to less soluble version

Front 11

Invariant vs Variant Structures

Back 11

Cell membrane, ribosomes, DNA, RNA

Cell wall, mitochondria, chloroplasts

Front 12

Life History of Earth

Back 12

4.6 bya - Earth forms

3.8 bya - Life begins

3 bya - oxygenation begins

2 bya - eukaryotes

800-500 mya - current oxygen levels

500 mya - plants/animals

Front 13

LUCA

Back 13

Last Universal Common Ancestor

Front 14

Hooke

Back 14

Robert Hooke

Observed molds

1664

Front 15

Leeuwenhoek

Back 15

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Observed first bacteria

1684

Front 16

Jenner

Back 16

Small Pox Vaccine(Human cow pox pustules)

1798

Front 17

Lister

Back 17

Antisepsis in surgery

1867

Front 18

Pasteur

Back 18

Spontaneous Generation

1864

Front 19

Koch

Back 19

Grew pure anthrax

Koch's postulates

1881

Front 20

Leeuwenhoek's Microscope's Power

vs

Today's Microscope Power

Back 20

300x magnification, 0.8um resolution

1000x magnification, 0.2um resolution

Typical coccus: 0.75um

Front 21

Resolving power equation

Back 21

R = W/(2 x NA)

R=resolving power

W=wavelength

NA=numrical aperture

Front 22

Growth of MicroBio over years

Back 22

1687

-Discovery, Medical applications, Gen MicroBio

1800

-Molecular Bio, Gen MicroBio

1986

-Molecular MicroBio

Front 23

Serological Properties

Back 23

Immunilogical properties, those involving antibodies

Front 24

E.Coli vs Humans

(Number of Base Pairs, Genes, and Gene Density)

Back 24

Humans have more base pairs and genes but a lower gene density

Front 25

Distinguishing characteristics of Viruses, Viroids, Prions

Back 25

Viruses: DNA or RNA, protein coat

Viroids: RNA, no coat

Prions: Protein, no coat

Front 26

Ester vs Ether

Back 26

Ester: COCO

Ether: COC

Front 27

Bonds Strengths

Back 27

(Strongest-->Weakest)

Covalent

Ionic

Van der Waals

- H-bonds

- Dipole-dipole

- London Dispersion

Front 28

Number of bonds between Bases

Back 28

C/G: 3 bonds

A/T: 2 bonds

Front 29

Alpha/Beta Glycosidic bonds

Back 29

Alpha - pointing down

Beta - pointing up

Front 30

Lipids in Bacteria vs Eukaryotes vs Archaea

Back 30

Bacteria/Eukaryotes: mostly fatty acids

Archaea: include Phytane

Front 31

Nucleotide

Back 31

Sugar, Base, and Phosphate

Front 32

Nucleoside

Back 32

Sugar and Base

Front 33

ATP

Back 33

is a nucleoside!! (A nucleoside triphosphate)

Front 34

Pyrimidines

Back 34

Single ring, C,U,T

Front 35

Purines

Back 35

Double ring, A,G

Front 36

Backbone of DNA or RNA is formed by removing water between ___ and ___ .

Back 36

3' OH and 5' phosphate

Front 37

Linkage in DNA or RNA

Back 37

3'5' phosphodiester linkage

Front 38

DNA synthesized in __ direction

Back 38

5' to 3'

Front 39

Polymerase

Back 39

catalyzes polymerization

Front 40

Sugars are usually __ (L or D) .

Back 40

D

Front 41

Amino acids are usually __ (L or D)

Back 41

L

Front 42

Racemase

Back 42

converts L to D or vice versa

Front 43

Two Types (functions) of Proteins

Back 43

Enzymes, Structural

Front 44

Secondary Structure of Proteins

Back 44

Formed by H bonding between -NH and -C=O

Alpha Helix or Beta Sheet

Front 45

Alpha Helix

Back 45

Proline breaks this structure

Side-chains face outward

Many chains adopt this form

Front 46

Beta Sheets

Back 46

Polypeptide folds back on itself

Makes zigzag, antiparallel sheets

Front 47

Tertiary Structure of Proteins

Back 47

Van der Waals,

Ionic,

Hydrophobic (strongest factor here),

H-bonds,

sometimes Covalent (disulfide bridge)

Front 48

More nonpolar side groups on protein means __ (more/less) stable protein.

Back 48

More stable

Front 49

(2,3,4) Structures of Insulin

Back 49

Sec: Alpha-helix

Tert: weak, no disulfide bridges

Quat: weak, two disulfide bridges

Front 50

Denaturation destroys ____ (Primary/Secondary/Tertiary/Quaternary) structures.

Back 50

Secondary and Tertiary (and sometimes Quaternary)