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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
T/F: Colonization leads to disease
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FALSE... not necessarily
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A _______ is a colonization that leads to disease
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infection
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This is the DEGREE to which an organism can cause a disease
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Virulence
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This is the capacity of an organism to cause disease
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Pathogenicity
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This is the AGENT that promotes infection
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Virulence Factor
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___________ is a host's response to the agent
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immunopathology
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disease results when this step of Pathogenesis occurs
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damage
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what are the 6 steps of Pathogenesis?
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Entry
Spread Multiplication Damage Outcome |
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_____ pathogens cause disease even in healthy hosts
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True pathogens
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_____ pathogens cause disease under compromised or unusual conditions
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Opportunistic
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T/F: disease severity is dependent on both VIRULENCE or the organism and SUSCEPTIBILITY of the host
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True
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This is the Term that measures the # of organisms required to CAUSE infection in 50% of experimentally infected animals or cultured cells
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Infectious Dose (ID50)
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This is the # or organisms required to KILL 50% of experimentally infected animals or cultured cells
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Lethal dose
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T/F: A LOW ID 50 or LD 50 means a low Virulence factor
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FALSE: a low LD 50 = HIGH Virulence factor... means you need less to kill 50%
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BACTERIAL CONSTITUENTS that promote infection and subsequent disease
Adaptations to help the microbe invade and esablish itself in the host |
Virulence factor
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Active invasion involves bacterial _______ that promote entry into the host cell
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proteins
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Virulence factors inhibit phagocytosis by degredation of ___ so neutrophils can not migrate to the site
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C5a
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In _________ variation, genetic sequence is CHANGED so the protein is different
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Antigenic
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In _________ variation, gene encoding antigen is TURNED OFF
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Phase
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This is a negetive Virulence factor that can be used strictly for the release or spread of the bacteria
Ex. Streptokinas and Staphlokinase break down blood clots. Hyaluronidase/ collagenase |
Spreading factors
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These are released from the cell either through secretion or cell lysis
Functions: kill host cells disrupt signaling prevent antigen presentation |
Exotoxins
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In A-B Exotoxins, the __ Domain contains the enzymatic ACTIVITY (what it does to the cell)
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A Domain
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In A-B Exotoxins, the __ Domain contains the BINDING properties (Which cell is affected)
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B domain
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These are proteins that indiscriminately activates large numbers of T cells
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Superantigens
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This Virulence factor leads to septic shock, multiple system organ failure, and death
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Superantigen
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T/F the more virulence factors an organism has, the more likely it is to cause disease
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TRUE
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