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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Can cellulose be eaten by humans? |
No |
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Cows, sheep, goats, deer, etc., are cud chewers; they can derive nutritional value from high cellulose foods while we cannot. Why? |
Those animals (ruminants) have bacteria living within their digestive system that use hydrolysis reactions to digests cellulose to glucose for them. |
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Which of the following have chitin shells? |
1. Shrimp 2. Lobsters 3. Clams 4. Grasshoppers 5. Scallops |
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What food contains a lot of starch? |
Potatoes |
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What food contains a lot of sucrose? |
Apples or any other fruit. |
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Which of the following foods is likely to contain lot of roughage, that is, cellulose? |
Lettuce |
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Do monosaccharides conduct electricity when they are dissolved in water? Why or Why not? |
No, they do not dissociate into ions when they dissolve in water since they have polar covalent bonds, and therefore cannot conduct electricity. |
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Why do carbohydrates dissolve in water? |
They contain several polar covalent bonds |
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Name that substrate! This is the sugar component of deoxyribonucleic acid, the hereditary molecule. |
Deoxyribose |
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Name that substrate! This is the monosaccharide that is combined with glucose to become lactose, milk sugar. |
Galactose |
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Name that substrate!
This is a monosaccharide made by plants; when combined with glucose, sucrose results. |
Fructose |
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Name that substrate! This is the polysaccharide found in the cell walls of plants. It cannot be digested by mammals, but bacteria living in the rumens of cows, sheep, goats, etc, break it down for them. |
Cellulose |
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Name that substrate! This disaccharide is formed when starches are digested by enzymes. |
Maltose |
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Name that substrate! The monosaccharide found in the blood and most useful to cells for immediate energy. The brain needs this to function. |
Glucose |
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Name that substrate! The monosaccharide found in ribonucleic acid, RNA. |
Ribose |
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Name that substrate! The disaccharide found in milk; some people lack the enzyme to digest this. |
Lactose |
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Name that substrate! The polysaccharide that stores energy in plants; it is commonly found in pasta and bread (from wheat seeds), and potatoes. |
Starch |
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Which of these are polysaccharides? Fructose, cellulose, chitin, deoxyribose, galactose |
Cellulose and Chitin |
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Which of these are disaccharides? Maltose, Cellulose, Starch, Lactose, Chitin |
Maltose and Lactose |
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Which of these are monosaccharides? Fructose, glucose, deoxyribose, cellulose, glycogen, galactose, chitin |
Fructose, glucsoe, deoxyribose, and galactose. |
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What is the element composition of these molecules? Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids |
1. Carbs: C,H,O 2. Lipids: C,H,O 3. Proteins: C,H,O,N,S 4. Nucleic Acids: C,H,O,N,P |
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Carbohydrates both consist of Carbon and Hydrogen. What makes them so different from each other? |
Carbs have the same number of oxygen and carbon atoms. Lipids have way more carbon atoms than oxygen atoms. |
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Given these formulas, can you tell which is a carb and which is a lipid? C6,H12,O6 - C18H36O2 |
Carb = C6,H12,O6 Lipid = C18,H36,O2 |
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What does the body use glucose, fructose, and galactose for? |
Energy. |
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What does the body use ribose and deoxyribose for? |
Heredity. |
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Blood and cells, fruit, and milk. Pick the correct option for fructose, glucose, and galactose. These three substrates are found in the three items. |
Glucose = blood and cells Fructose = Fruit Galactose = Milk |
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RNA and DNA. Pick the correct option for Ribose and Deoxyribose |
Ribose = RNA Deoxyribose = DNA |
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What is dehydration sysnthesis? |
The act of joining two elements (usually monosacharides) together by removing water molecule. |
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Is sucrose, lactose, and maltose a dissacharide or monosacharide? |
Dissacharide |
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Is glucose, fructose, and galactose a dissacharide or monosacharide? |
Monosacharide |
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What about ribose and deoxyribose? Are those monosacharides or dissacharides? |
Monosacharides |
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Where is sucrose and lactose found? |
Sucrose is found in plants, lactose is found in milk. |
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What two monosacharides are combined to form sucrose? what about lactose? |
Sucrose = glucose-fructose Lactose = galactose-glucose |
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What is maltose? What two monosacharides are formed to create it? |
A degradation of starch, formed using to glucose monomers. |
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Honeycontains glucose, fructose, and sucrose. Why? |
Beesobtain sucrose in the nectar of flowers and digest much of the sucrose intoglucose and fructose which they secrete into their honeycomb. Anysucrose undigested will also be secreted into their honeycomb. |
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Name the 4 common polysacharides |
1. Plant starch 2. Glycogen 3. Cellulose 4. Chitin |
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What is plant starch used for? |
Carbohydrate storage in plants |
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Cellulose, what is it used for? |
Gives structural support to plant cell walls. Can not be digested by animals. |
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Glycogen, what is it used for? |
Carb storage in animals in liver and muscle cells
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Chitin, what is it used for? |
Give structural support to exoskeletons (crab, insects) and cell walls of fungi. Some animals cannot digest this. |
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Why do potatoes contain a lot of starch? |
Because a potato tuber is a storage organ for a potato plant which stores starch as carbs. |
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Why does celery have very few calories? |
Because it contains a lot of cellulose that cannot be digested by humans. |
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Why is glycogen stored in muscle cells? |
Because it can be broken down into glucose that can be stored for energy needed by muscle cells. |
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Why does grass provide more calories for cows than it does for humans |
Because bacteria living in the cow's digestive tract can breakdown cellulose. |
