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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Many Gram Negative bacteria produce enzymes that will decarboxylate specific BLANK to BLANK.
What 3 amino acids are used in the decarboxylase test? |
amino acids to amines
arginine, lysine and ornithine |
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Argine can be utilized in two ways:
1.BLANK into BLANK and CO2, the BLANK is then split enzymatically to form BLANK, CO2 and urea. 2.In the BLANK system, the arginine is deaminated to form BLANK and NH3. The BLANK is decarboxylated to BLANK and CO2. |
1. Decarboxylated; agmatine; agmatine; putrescine
2. dihydrolase; citrulline; citrulline; putrescine |
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Test Method for decarboxylase
1. Start off with low levels of glucose and... 2. pH indicator BLANK purple/blue is used. If acidic, what color? If alkaline? 3. Decarboxylation will cause the pH to rise, which is a... 4. How long does the test it take? |
1. a 1% solution the appropriate amino acid.
2. bromcresol; acidic is yellow, alkaline is purple 3. positive test 4. 18 initial hours, 48 confirmation hours |
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Lipid Metabolism
Lipids include... They are broken down by BLANK and break down in ... Mycobacterium has unusual... |
fats, fatty acids, waxes and steroids.
lipases; grease traps fatty acids... |
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How are fatty acids broken down?
Repetitive cleavage of BLANK from fatty acids resulting in... How much ATP is formed for each 2 carbon fragment? How much ATP in an 18 carbon fragment? Oxidation of fatty acids Microbes derive their energy aerobically to treat wastewater from... |
Beta oxidation
2 carbon fragments; fatty acyl-CoA 17 ATP; 146 ATP the beta oxidation of fatty acids |
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2 carbon units from BLANK are used to synthesize fatty acids through a stepwise addition of BLANK BLANK BLANK to a growing chain.
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malonyl-CoA
2 carbon units |
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Fats are formed from fatty acids via BLANK of glycerol phosphate by...
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esterification
fatty acetyl-CoA. |
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The Glyoxylate Cycle channels BLANK and BLANK into the TCA cycle intermediates BLANK, BLANK, malate and oxaloacetate.
What are two unique enzymes in this pathway? |
acetate and acetyl-CoA; citrate, isocitrate
isocitrate lyase and malate synthase |
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Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism
What are DNases that hydrolyze nucleic acid DNA, for use as C and N by the bacteria? Name 2 bacteria that use these items. How are they detected in agar containing DNA? |
Nucleases
Ex: S. aureus and S. marcescens By looking for clearing zones |
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The synthesis of BLANK/BLANK is complex in bacteria.
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Purines/Pyrimidines
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Secondary Metabolism
Secondary metabolites include what two things? (Example) S. marcescens produces a red pigment called prodigiosin at 25C but... |
include antimicrobial metabolites, pigments etc.
but not at 39 C or greater. |
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What is cometabolism?
What is an example? |
When bacteria are given small amount of a primary carbon like glucose and are now able to degrade another undegradable carbon source
Pseudomonas can use glucose to degrade perchloroethylene to toluene metabolism |
