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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Biochemical tests |
Looking for metabolic capabilities. Specifically: enzymes, or ability to catabolize certain chemicals, ability to ferment particular sugars |
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Phenol Red Broth |
1 sugar in broth, protein or peptone in broth |
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Phenol red broth possible results |
Fermentation: A/- Fermentation with gas product: A/G Sugar not used, catabolized: K No growth: -/- |
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A/G |
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A/- |
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-/- |
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K |
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Oxidase test |
This test identifies the cytochrome c oxidase enzyme Dark blue is positive |
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Oxidase test |
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SIM media (sulfur, indole, motility) |
S= sulfer reduction- turns black I= indole- purple/ red ring at top M= motility- see if growth radiates from straight line of inoculate |
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SIM sulfer result |
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SIM indole results |
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SIM motility results |
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Triple sugar ion (TSI) |
Agar slant- red color Yellow= fermentation (A) Purplish= protein catabolized (K) Black= sulfur reduced (H2S) Crack in slant= gas produced |
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TSI/ KIA test K/A |
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TSI test K/K |
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TSI test -/- |
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TSI test H2S |
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TSI test A/A -gas |
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Citrate test |
Citrate agar is green If it turns blue or has growth it is citrate+ |
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Urease test |
-Uses urea agar slant -A rapidly positive urease by proteus mirabilis test is indicated by a color change to bright pink -A delayed positive reaction by klebsiella pneumoniae is color only along slant -A negativr reaction by escherichia coli is yellow media |
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Moellers lysine decarboxylase |
-Add sterile mineral oil after inoculating -bromoscresol purple pH indicator Purple pH 6.8 and above Yellow pH 5.2 and below -Decarboxylation of amino acids leads to alkaline end products +purple - yellow |
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Fluid thioglycollate medium |
-A test for aerotolerance -A tube of broth with an oxygen concentration gradent -Aerobic at the top -Anaerobic at the bottom |
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Thioglycollate medium |
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Microaerophiles |
Grow at low levels of 02 in atmosphere |
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Aerotolerant Anaerobes |
Can grow with or without 02 |
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Facultative Aerobes |
Can do aerobic respiration or fermentation Grow more if 02 since more ATP made via aerobic respiration |
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Obligate Aerobes |
Aerobic respiration only, needs 02 Can only live if there is 02 |
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Obligate Anaerobes |
Anaerobic respirators or fermenters Grow only where 02 is absent |
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Anaerobic culture methods |
Reducing Media: Contain chemical that combine 02 (thioglycolate or oxyrase) Heated to drive off 02 |
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Anaerobic culture methods |
Capnophiles: Microbes that require high C02 conditions |
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Anaerobic culture methods |
C02 packet in anaerobe chamber Candle jar C02 incubators |
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Jar for cultivating anaerobic bacteria |
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Effects of temperature |
Cardinal temperatures (min., max., optimum, range) Psychrophile, psychrptroph, mesophile, thermophile, extreme thermophile |
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Temperature experiment results |
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Effects of pH |
Acidophile Neutrophile Alkaliphile |
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Effects of UV light |
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Rapid methods to identify gram negative enterobacteriacea |
Enterotube II 15 metabolic tests RapID system API 20E 20 different metabolic tests |
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Enterotube |
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Nasal culture |
-Mannitol salt agar -Selective for salt tolerant (staphylococci) -Differential for mannitol fermentation |
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Throat culture |
Blood agar |
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Urine culture |
-Blood agar and macconkey agar - midstream catch 100,000 or 100cfu -catheter 10,000 or 10cfu indicates UTI E coli and staph saphrolyticus are most common causes of UTIs |
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Mannitol salt agar |
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Blood agar throat culture |
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