Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Staphylococcusaureus |
-Most pathogenic of thestaphylococci -Cause superficial skin infections, deep tissue infections, food poisoning, toxic shock, -Normally found in nares, axilla, upper respiratory tract, skin surface, and groin -Gram Positive Cocci -Catalase Positive -Growth + fermentation in MSA plate |
|
|
Staphylococcusepidermidis |
- Normal microbiota: skin and mucousmembranes; distributed widely over body surface - Can cause infections in immunocompromisedpatients - Associatedwith indwelling prosthetic devices—intravascular catheters, cardiac valves,joints, cerebral shunts; bacteremia; UTIs; wounds -Catalase Postive -Gram Positive Cocci in Clusters -Growth + No fermentation in MSA plate |
|
|
Staphylococcussaprophyticus |
-Second most common cause ofuncomplicated UTIs in women - Cause urinary tract infections: –Sexuallyactive, young females–Prostatitisin men–Infectionsin sites outside of urinary tract are uncommon -Normal microbiota: skin and mucosaof the urogenital tract -Gram Positive Cocci in Clusters -Catalase Positive -Growth + no fermentation in MSA plate |
|
|
Catalase Test |
2H2O ------> 2H2O +O2 (Hydrogen Peroxide + Catalase ---> 2 Water Molecules + 1 Oxygen molecules) |
|
|
Bacteremia |
Presence of bacteria in the blood stream |
|
|
Septicemia |
(sepsis) is a systemic bacteremia withclinical signs and symptoms (fever, chills, hypothermia, vomiting,hyperventilation and septic shock). |
|
|
Risk Factors for Bacterial Sepsis |
•Hospitalization•Recent surgery•Hemodialysis•IV and immune therapy•IV drug abuse |
|
|
Streptococcuspyogenes |
- Causes Group A streptococciinfections–Most common cause of pharyngitis - Produce and secrete toxins and hemolysinsthat contribute to tissue invasion and destruction - NEVERnormal microbiota in any part of body—always a pathogen; presence in specimensis always considered clinically significant - Cause infections of the upperrespiratory tract:–Pharyngitis, tonsillitis, otitis media –Can be invasive and infect soft tissue,blood, bone, sterile body sides, sterile body fluids, and wounds –Causes rheumatic fever and acuteglomerulonephritis -Catalase Negative -Gram Positive Cocci in Pairs and Chains -Beta Hemolysis on BAP |
|
|
Streptococcusagalactiae |
-Causes Group B streptococciinfections–Significantneonatal infection - Norma microbiota: female genitaltract, lower GI tact, may colonize upper respiratory tract - Infections most commonly involveneonates and infants–Bacteriapassed from mother to child during birth—can cause multisystem problemsincluding sepsis and meningitis–Infectionsin adults include postpartum UTIs–Immunocompromisedpatients are at risk for infection -Catalase Negative -Gram Positive Cocci in Pairs and Chains -Gamma or Beta Hemolysis on BAP |
|
|
Streptococcuspneumoniae |
-Class C -#1 cause of community acquiredbacterial pneumonia -Normal microbiota: upperrespiratory tract -Causes infections of the upperrespiratory tract–Pneumonia,sinusitis, and otitis media–Canbecome invasive and cause bacteremia and meningitis -Catalase Negative -Gram Positive Cocci in Pairs and Chains -Alpha Hemolysis on BAP |
|
|
Enterococcusfaecalis |
-Causes group D streptococciinfections –Importantnosocomial infection, especially vancomycin resistant strains (VRE) -Normal microbiota: gastrointestinaltract -Most infections are nosocomial(originates in hosptials) –IncludeUTIs, bacteremia, endocarditis, and wound infections -Catalase Negative -Gram Positive Cocci in Chains and Pairs -Gamma Hemolysis |
|
|
Alpha Hemolysis |
Causes partial lysis of RBCs andbreakdown of hemoglobin which leads to a green color change in the agar. |
|
|
Beta Hemolysis |
Causes complete lysis of RBCs andbreakdown of hemoglobin which leads to a colorless clearing in the agar. |
|
|
Gamma Hemolysis |
An organism that does not causehemolysis. |
