Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
90 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Enriched media that contains 10% NaCl.
|
m-Staphylococcus Broth
|
|
Name the organism that prefers higher salt concentration.
|
Staphylococcus
|
|
What does the higher salt concentration do to other organisms?
|
Inhibits most other organisms
|
|
Name the components of Mannitol Salt Agar.
|
Mannitol, 7.5 % NaCl and Phenol Red Indicator
|
|
Mannitol, 7.5 % NaCl and Phenol Red Indicator
|
Mannitol Salt Agar components
|
|
What happens if the Mannitol ferments to produce acid?
|
The phenol red changes color from red to yellow.
|
|
Why does phenol red changes color from red to yellow?
|
Mannitol was fermented.
|
|
Staphylococcus Medium 110 (SM110)
|
Mannitol and 7.5 % NaCl
|
|
Mannitol and 7.5 % NaCl
|
Staphylococcus Medium 110 (SM110) components
|
|
Name the advantage of SM110 over MSA.
|
SM110 favors colony pigmentation by different strains of S. Aureus
|
|
Name the media that favors colony pigmentation by different strains of S. Aureus.
|
SM110 (Staphylococcus Medium 110)
|
|
These patterns differentiate microorganisms based on their reactions to blood.
|
Hemolysin patterns on Blood Agar Plates
|
|
Name the three hemolysin patterns.
|
Alpha Hemolysis, Beta Hemolysis and Gamma Hemolysis
|
|
Alpha Hemolysis, Beta Hemolysis and Gamma Hemolysis
|
Hemolysin patterns on Blood Agar Plates
|
|
Hemolysin pattern that has partial blood hemolysis and partial clearing around colony.
|
Alpha Hemolysis
|
|
Hemolysin pattern that has partial clearing around colony that appears green due to partial reduction of hemoglobin in blood.
|
Alpha Hemolysis
|
|
Explain why partial clearing around colony appears green in Alpha Hemolysis.
|
Partial reduction of hemoglobin in blood.
|
|
Hemolysin pattern that has complete blood hemolysis and complete clearing around colony.
|
Beta Hemolysis
|
|
Hemolysin pattern that has no blood hemolysis and no zone of clearing around colony.
|
Gamma Hemolysis
|
|
Name toxin responsible for Beta Hemolysis.
|
Hemolysin
|
|
Name the organism that always test positive during a Coagulase Test.
|
S. Aureus
|
|
Procedure includes inoculating small plasma tube with organism and incubating at 37 degree water bath overnight for this test.
|
Coagulase Test
|
|
After incubating inoculated plasma tube at 37 degree water bath overnight, the plasma becomes clumpy or solidifies. Is this a positive or negative reaction?
|
Positive reaction
|
|
Bacteria that caused plasma to clump or solidify is called...
|
Coagulase positive bacteria
|
|
Coagulase positive bacteria
|
Bacteria that caused plasma to clump or solidify.
|
|
Explain why Coagulase Test is valid for only gram + staph bacteria.
|
Some gram - bacteria can cause false positive reactions and clotting mechanism is not due to coagulase.
|
|
What is the typical appearance of S. Aureus on MSA plate?
|
S. Aureus turns yellow due to fermentation
|
|
S. Aureus turns yellow due to fermentation when grown on this type of plate.
|
MSA Plate
|
|
What is the typical appearance of S. Aureus on Blood Agar plate?
|
Beta Hemolysis (Complete blood hemolysis and complete clearing)
|
|
S. Aureus when grown on this type of plate
|
Blood Agar Plate
|
|
What is the typical result of S. Aureus in the Coagulase Test?
|
Coagulase Positive
|
|
Describe typical gram stain, cellular morphology and arrangement in Streptococci.
|
Gram Positive Cocci in pairs and chains
|
|
Name the organism that is gram positive cocci, in pairs and chains.
|
Streptococci
|
|
Biochemical test that is used to differentiate between Strep and Staph.
|
Catalase Test
|
|
In Catalase Test, does Strep test positive or negative?
|
Negative
|
|
In Catalase Test, does bubbling from hydrogen peroxide indicate a positive or negative reaction?
|
Positive
|
|
In Catalase Test, does Staph test positive or negative?
|
Positive
|
|
List the six (6) screening tests for streptococci.
|
1) Catalase Test
2) Hemolysis on BA plate 3) Bacitracin Test 4) Optochin Test 5) Bile Esculin Test 6) 6.5% Salt Tolerance Test |
|
Name the type of Strep that completes Alpha hemolysis on BA plate.
|
Streptococcus pneumoniae
|
|
Name the type of Strep that completes Beta hemolysis on BA plate.
|
Streptococcus pyogenes
|
|
Name the type of Strep that completes Gamma hemolysis on BA plate.
|
Enterococcus faecalis
|
|
In Hemolysis on BA plate Test, what type of blood is used due to its consistent hemolytic patterns of Strep?
|
Sheep Blood
|
|
Name the test used to differentiate Beta Hemolytic Group A Streptococcus (BSA).
|
Bacitracin Test
|
|
Name the organism that causes acute pharyngitis.
|
Beta Hemolytic Group A Streptococcus (BSA)
|
|
What is another name for acute pharyngitis?
|
Streptococcus pyogenes
|
|
In Bacitracin Test, was is placed on an agar plate?
|
Bacitracin disk
|
|
In Bacitracin Test, what is the Bacitracin disk?
|
An antibiotic
|
|
In Bacitracin Test, what does the Bacitracin disk do?
|
Inhibits bacterial growth
|
|
In Bacitracin Test, how many mm constitutes a presumptive identification of Beta Hemolytic Group A Streptococcus (BSA)?
|
Zone of clearing of 10 mm or more around the disk.
|
|
Name the test that constitutes a presumptive identification of Beta Hemolytic Group A Streptococcus (BSA).
|
Bacitracin Test
|
|
Name the test used to differentiate Streptococcus Pneumoniae from other Alpha Hemolytic Streptococci.
|
Optochin Test
|
|
Name the only Streptococcus that is susceptible to Optochin.
|
Streptococcus Pneumoniae
|
|
In Optochin Test, what is the chemical name for the Optochin disk?
|
Ethylhydrocupreine hydrochloride
|
|
Ethylhydrocupreine hydrochloride is the chemical name for __________.
|
Optochin
|
|
In Optochin Test, how many mm constitutes a presumptive identification of Streptococcus Pneumoniae?
|
Zone of inhibition of 14mm or more around disk.
|
|
Name the test that constitutes a presumptive identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
|
Optochin Test
|
|
Name the test that constitutes a presumptive identification of Enterococcus faecalis and Group D Streptococcus.
|
Bile Esculin Test
|
|
Name the test that hydrolyzes esculin (glycoside composed of esculetin and glucose).
|
Bile Esculin Test
|
|
In Bile Esculin Test, what does esculetin react with?
|
An indicator (ferric citrate)
|
|
In Bile Esculin Test, describe end result when esculetin reacts with indicator (ferric citrate).
|
Form a dark brown phenolic iron complex
|
|
Name the test that forms a dark brown phenolic iron complex.
|
Bile Esculin Test
|
|
In Bile Esculin Test, do Enterococcus faecalis and Group D Streptococcus grow well on this slant?
|
Yes
|
|
In Bile Esculin Test, is a slant that is more than half dark considered to be positive or negative.
|
Positive
|
|
Name the test based on the ability of Enterococcus faecalis and Group B Streptococcus to grow in 6.5% salt broth.
|
Salt Tolerance Test
|
|
In Salt Tolerance Test, state if turbidity (yellow discoloration) is positive or negative.
|
Positive
|
|
In Salt Tolerance Test, describe a positive result.
|
Turbidity (yellow discoloration)
|
|
Name the test that runs side by side with Bile Esculin Test.
|
Salt Tolerance Test
|
|
Name the three selective differential media for isolation.
|
1) MacConkey Agar
2) TSI Slant 3) Urea Broth |
|
Name the six gram - intestinal pathogens.
|
1) Salmonella
2) Shigella 3) Escherichia 4) Enterobacter 5) Proteus 6) Pseudomonas |
|
What is the fermentation characteristic that separates Salmonella and Shigella from Coliforms?
|
Inability to ferment lactose
|
|
Name the intestinal pathogens that cannot ferment lactose.
|
Salmonella & Shigella
|
|
Intestinal pathogens that ferment lactose on MacConky Agar Plate produce what color?
|
Red/Black
|
|
Intestinal pathogens that do not ferment lactose on MacConky Agar Plate produce what color?
|
No color
|
|
Intestinal pathogens that ferment both glucose and lactose on a TSI Slant produce what color?
|
Yellow
|
|
Name the intestinal pathogens that produce ALL yellow color on a TSI Slant.
|
Coliforms
|
|
Intestinal pathogens that ferment glucose and not lactose on a TSI Slant produce what colors?
|
Red Slant/Yellow Butt
|
|
Name the intestinal pathogens that produce a red slant and yellow butt on a TSI Slant.
|
Salmonella, Shigella and Proteus
|
|
Intestinal pathogens that do not ferment both glucose and lactose on a TSI Slant produce what colors?
|
Red
|
|
Name the intestinal pathogens that produce ALL red color on a TSI Slant.
|
Pseudomonas
|
|
Intestinal pathogens that produce a black precipitate is evidence for what?
|
Hydrogen Sulfide production
|
|
Name the intestinal pathogens that produce hydrogen sulfide.
|
Salmonella and Proteus
|
|
Name the enzyme that intestinal pathogens contain for Hydrogen Sulfide production.
|
Cystein Desulferase
|
|
Intestinal pathogens that produce a hot pink color in urease deems them positive or negative?
|
Positive
|
|
Name the intestinal pathogens that are positive for urease.
|
Proteus
|
|
Name the intestinal pathogens that are negative for urease.
|
Coliforms
|
|
Name the 3 reaction patterns seen on media for intestinal pathogens.
|
1) Test for glucose/lactose fermentation
2) Test for Hydrogen Sulfide production 3) Test for Gas production |
|
Describe how gas production can be determined for intestinal pathogens.
|
Cracks and lifting of slant (from bottom of tube)
|
|
Name the components of Triple Sugar Iron Agar.
|
Iron Salts, Glucose and Lactose
|
|
When medium turns yellow during the 1st part of incubation period of intestinal pathogens, it then changes to red later due to increased alkalinity. What is this called?
|
Alkaline reversion
|
|
Describe Alkaline Reversion.
|
Medium turns yellow during 1st incubation, then turns red due to increased alkalinity.
|