Microbiology Chapter 10

Front 1

Intracellular form of a virus

Back 1

1. Obligate intracellular parasites
2. Most likely to cause disease in host

Front 2

Extracellular form of a virus

Back 2

1. When outside of host in transit (virons)
2. The metabolically inert form (no replication or biosynthesis)

Front 3

General properties of Viruses

Back 3

1. Genetic elements
2. Highly abundant in nature
3. Exist in two forms:
infective intracellular form and transmission extracellular form

Front 4

Genome

Back 4

1. Contains either DNA or RNA genomes
2. EIther single or double stranded
3. Linear or circular in shape
4. Genome typically used in viral classification

Front 5

Bacterial hosts

Back 5

Bacteriophages

Front 6

Animal hosts

Back 6

Prions

Front 7

Plant hosts

Back 7

Viroids

Front 8

The protein shell that surrounds the nucleic acid of the virus is called the __________

Back 8

capsid

Front 9

Virus with no membrane coverage

Back 9

Naked virus

Front 10

Virus with a lipid bilayer membrane

Back 10

Enveloped virus

Front 11

General Features of Viral Replication

Back 11

1. Attachment
2. Penetration
3. Synthesis
4. Assembly and Packing
5. Release

Front 12

Latent period

Back 12

Eclipse + Maturation

Front 13

Burst size

Back 13

number of virions released

Front 14

Baltimore

Back 14

developed classification scheme for viruses based on relationship of viral genome to its mRNA

Front 15

Baltimore Classification Scheme
Class 1

Back 15

dsDNA viruses

Front 16

Baltimore Classification Scheme
Class 2

Back 16

ssDNA viruses

Front 17

Baltimore Classification Scheme
Class 3

Back 17

dsRNA

Front 18

Baltimore Classification Scheme
Class 4 & 5

Back 18

ssRNA (+ or -)

Front 19

Baltimore Classification Scheme
Class 6

Back 19

retroviruses (HIV)

Front 20

Baltimore Classification Scheme
Class 7

Back 20

dsDNA viruses that replicate through an RNA intermediate

Front 21

The most studied and common type of bacteriophage

Back 21

ds DNA viruses

Front 22

RNA-containing bacteriophages

Back 22

1. ss MS2 virus (naked)
2. ds 6 virus (enveloped)

Front 23

Characteristics of MS2 virus

Back 23

1. infects E. coli cells
2. positive strand RNA genome
3. icosahedral symmetry
4. naked

Front 24

MS2 genome encodes only four proteins:

Back 24

1. Maturation protein
2. Coat protein
3. Lysis protein
4. RNA replicase

Front 25

DNA-containing Bacteriophages

Back 25

1. ss DNA genome
2. ds DNA genome

Front 26

ss DNA genome

Back 26

1. Icosahedral symmetry
2. Filamentous symmetry

Front 27

ds DNA genome

Back 27

T2, T7, Mu, and Lambda viruses

Front 28

Mu (Mutator) Virus
Mutator Phage

Back 28

induces mutation in host genome

Front 29

Temperate bacteriophage pathways

Back 29

1. Lytic Pathway
2. Lysogenic Pathway

Front 30

Lytic Pathway

Back 30

1. Conquer of host genetic materials
2. Release of mature viruses from host
3. More potent

Front 31

Lysogenic Pathway

Back 31

1. Integration of viral DNA into host DNA
2. Production of lysogenized cell - harboring of viral genes by host possible without harm

Front 32

Viruses of Domain Archaea

Back 32

1. All have unusual morphologies
2. All have dsDNA
3. All have small genomes
4. Resistant to conditions in extreme environments

Front 33

Lytic infection

Back 33

the destruction of host cells

Front 34

Persistent infection (acute)

Back 34

live and actively produced viral cells in host

Front 35

Latent infection

Back 35

chronic symptomatology

Front 36

Tumorgenesis or Transformation

Back 36

tumor or cancer formation

Front 37

Retroviruses

Back 37

Contains an RNA genome that is replicated through a DNA intermediate
*First viruses shown to cause cancer!!

Front 38

Replication of Retroviruses

Back 38

1. Entrance into host
2. Uncoating of envelope
3. Reverse transcription
4. Integration into host genome
5. Transcription
6. Assembly and encapsidation (production of nucleocapsids)
7. Budding (release of enveloped cells)

Front 39

Viroids

Back 39

1. Small, circular ssRNAs
2. Causes many plant diseases

Front 40

Prions

Back 40

1. Contains no nucleic acid
2. Causes various animal diseases