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17 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Why is glucose such an important molecule for organisms?
Creation of ATP (Glycolysis)
Outline the three ways that ATP is generated.
Phosphorylation (addition of Phosphate):
-Substrate-level (ADP->ATP)
-Oxidative (ETC->release E.)
-Photophosphorylation (Light E. converted to chemical E.)
What is the purpose of metabolic pathways?
Energy release needs to be in controlled, small bursts
What happens during the preparatory and energy-conserving stages of glycolysis?
Prep: Glucose->DHAP/GP, use 2ATP
E.Conserve:GP->Pyruvic acid, form 4ATP, 2NADH
What is the value of the pentose phosphate and Entner-Doudoroff pathways if they produce only one ATP molecule?
They form 2 NADPH molecules
What are the principal products of the Krebs cycle?
6 NADH (+ 2NADH from pyruvic acid->acetyl CoA conversion)
2 FADH
2 ATP
How do carrier molecules function in the electron transport chain?
Capable of oxidation/reduction:
-flavoproteins: riboflavin (alternate ox./re.)
-cytochromes: iron (alternate ox./re. Fe forms)
-ubiquinones: non-protein carriers
Compare the energy yield (ATP) of aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
36/38 ATP aerobic
anaerobic: less b/c Krebs cycle/ ETC vary
List four compounds that can be made from pyruvic acid by an organism that uses fermentation.
-Lactic acid
-Ethanol + CO2
-Propaionic acid
-Butyric acid
What are the end-products of lipid and protein catabolism
Compounds enter Krebs cycle, forming ATP, NADH, FADH, C-chain
How is photosynthesis important to catabolism?
1
What is made during the light-dependent reactions?
1
How are oxidative phosphorylation and photophosphorylation similar?
1
Summarize how oxidation enables organisms to get energy from glucose, sulfur, or sunlight.
1
Almost all medically important microbes belong to which of the four aforementioned groups?
1
Where do amino acids required for protein synthesis come from?
1
Summarize the integration of metabolic pathways using peptidoglycan synthesis as an example.
1