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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What sterol in the cell membrane of fungi is the most common target for antifungal action?
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Ergosterol
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One of the most widely used antivirals, acyclovir, inhibits the synthesis of DNA. Humans also synthesize DNA, so why is the drug still useful in treating viral infections?
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Virally infected cells have altered thymidine kinase that converts the acyclovir into a false nucleotide (non-infected cells have normal thymidine kinase)
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What was the first drug available for use against parasitic infections?
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Quinine
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In the disk-diffusion (Kirby-Bauer) test, the zone of inhibition indicating sensitivity around the disk varies with the antibiotic. Why?
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Different microbial species and strains have different degrees of susceptibility to different chemotherapeutic agents.
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What is the most common mechanism that a bacterium uses to resist the effects of penicillin?
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Enzymatic destruction of the drug.
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Tetracycline sometimes interferes with the activity of penicillin. How?
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"Antagonism" situation; tetracycline stops bacterial growth, and penicillin requires bacterial growth in order to be effective.
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Why is the positive electric charge on antimicrobial peptides such a probable factor in the mode of action?
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The positive charge allows them to disrupt the microbial membranes that are rich in phospholipids with a negative, anionic charge.
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